rovellipaolo/ninjadroidNinja Reverse Engineering su pacchetti APK Android
NinjaDroid è un semplice strumento per il reverse engineering di pacchetti APK Android.
Pubblicato su: https://snapcraft.io/ninjadroid```shell $ snap install ninjadroid --channel=beta
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[](https://coveralls.io/github/rovellipaolo/NinjaDroid)
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[](https://snapcraft.io/ninjadroid)
## Panoramica
NinjaDroid utilizza [AXMLParser](https://github.com/appknox/pyaxmlparser) insieme a una serie di script Python basati su `aapt`, `keytool`, `string` e simili per estrarre una serie di informazioni da un dato pacchetto APK, come ad esempio:
- Elenco dei file dell'APK: nome file, dimensione, MD5, SHA-1, SHA-256 e SHA-512
- Informazioni da `AndroidManifest.xml`: nome app, nome pacchetto, versione, SDK, permessi, attività, servizi, broadcast-receiver, ...
- Informazioni del certificato digitale `CERT.RSA/DSA`: numero di serie, validità, impronta digitale, emittente e proprietario
- Elenco di URL, comandi shell e altre stringhe generiche hard-coded nei file `classes.dex`
Inoltre, NinjaDroid utilizza [apktool](https://github.com/iBotPeaches/Apktool) e [dex2jar](https://github.com/pxb1988/dex2jar) per estrarre e conservare:
- File di report JSON, che contiene tutte le informazioni estratte dall'APK
- File `AndroidManifest.xml` (grazie a `apktool`)
- File del certificato digitale `CERT.RSA/DSA`
- File `classes.dex`
- File _.jar_ tradotto (grazie a `dex2jar`)
- File smali disassemblati (grazie a `apktool`)
- Cartelle `assets/` e `res/` insieme al loro contenuto (grazie a `apktool`)
## Build
Il primo passo è clonare il repository di NinjaDroid, o scaricare il suo codice sorgente.```shell
$ git clone https://github.com/rovellipaolo/NinjaDroid
$ cd NinjaDroid
NinjaDroid può essere eseguito in diversi modi: nativamente nel tuo ambiente locale, in Docker, come Flatpak (sperimentale) e come Snap (sperimentale).
Per eseguire NinjaDroid sulla tua macchina locale, devi installare Python 3.5 o superiore, Java 8 o superiore e binutils.
Opzionalmente, se hai l'Android SDK installato localmente, puoi usare la versione SDK di aapt invece di quella inclusa. Per fare ciò, devi modificare il percorso di aapt in ninjadroid/aapt/Aapt.py (cioè __AAPT_EXEC_PATH = "ninjadroid/aapt/aapt").
Basta lanciare i seguenti comandi, che installeranno tutte le dipendenze Python (assicurandoti che aapt, apktool e dex2jar abbiano i permessi di esecuzione) e aggiungeranno un collegamento simbolico ninjadroid a /usr/local/bin/.```shell
$ make build-linux
$ make install
$ ninjadroid --help
#### MacOS
Basta lanciare i seguenti comandi, che installeranno tutte le dipendenze Python necessarie (assicurandosi che `aapt`, `apktool` e `dex2jar` abbiano i permessi di esecuzione) e aggiungeranno un symlink `ninjadroid` in `/usr/local/bin/`.```shell
$ make build-macos
$ make install
$ ninjadroid --help
Per eseguire NinjaDroid in Docker, è necessario avere Docker installato.
Per creare l'immagine Docker, esegui i seguenti comandi:```shell
$ make build-docker
$ docker run --name ninjadroid ninjadroid:latest ninjadroid --help
Nota che devi montare la directory contenente il pacchetto APK target all'immagine Docker:```shell
$ mkdir apks
$ cp /path/to/your/package.apk apks/package.apk
$ docker run --name ninjadroid -it --rm -v $(pwd)/apks:/apks ninjadroid:latest ninjadroid /apks/package.apk -aj
E lo stesso vale anche per la directory di output quando si utilizza l'opzione -e/--extract, alla quale è necessario concedere anche i permessi:```shell
$ mkdir output
$ chmod 777
$ docker run --name ninjadroid --rm -v $(pwd)/apks:/apks -v $(pwd)/output:/output ninjadroid:latest ninjadroid /apks/package.apk -ae /output
### Flatpak (sperimentale)
Per eseguire NinjaDroid come Flatpak, è necessario avere installati `Flatpak` e `flatpak-builder`.
Basta lanciare i seguenti comandi, che installeranno tutte le dipendenze Flatpak necessarie:```shell
$ make build-flatpak
$ flatpak-builder --run flatpak/build flatpak/com.github.rovellipaolo.NinjaDroid.yaml ninjadroid --help
NOTA: L'opzione -e/--extract non funziona correttamente al momento (vedi: https://github.com/rovellipaolo/NinjaDroid/issues/21).
Per eseguire NinjaDroid come Snap, è necessario avere Snap e snapcraft installati. Basta lanciare i seguenti comandi, che installeranno tutte le dipendenze Snap necessarie:```shell
$ make build-snap
$ make install-snap
$ ninjadroid --help
**NOTA:** L'opzione `-e`/`--extract` non funziona correttamente quando lo snap è installato senza usare l'opzione `--devmode` (vedi: https://github.com/rovellipaolo/NinjaDroid/issues/20).
## Test
Una volta configurato (vedi la sezione _"Installazione"_), puoi anche eseguire i test e il checkstyle come segue.
### Nativo
Per eseguirli sulla tua macchina locale, lancia i seguenti comandi:```shell
$ make test
$ make regression
$ make checkstyle
Puoi anche eseguire i test con copertura lanciando il seguente comando:```shell $ make test-coverage
E/o configurare il checkstyle per eseguire automaticamente a ogni commit git lanciando il seguente comando:```
$ make install-githooks
Per eseguirli in Docker, esegui i seguenti comandi:```shell $ make test-docker $ make regression-docker $ make checkstyle-docker
### Flatpak
Per eseguire i test di regressione su Flatpak, esegui il seguente comando:```shell
$ make regression-flatpak
Per eseguire i test di regressione in Snap, esegui il seguente comando:```shell $ make regression-snap
## Utilizzo
Di seguito sono riportati alcuni esempi di esecuzione di NinjaDroid sul pacchetto APK di esempio.
### Mostra il riepilogo dell'APK```shell
$ ninjadroid regression/data/Example.apk
file: regression/data/Example.apk
size: 70058
md5: c9504f487c8b51412ba4980bfe3cc15d
sha1: 482a28812495b996a92191fbb3be1376193ca59b
sha256: 8773441a656b60c5e18481fd5ba9c1bf350d98789b975987cb3b2b57ee44ee51
sha512: 559eab9840ff2f8507842605e60bb0730442ddf9ee7ca4ab4f386f715c1a4707766065d6f0b977816886692bf88b400643979e2fd13e6999358a21cabdfb3071
name: Example
cert:
file: META-INF/CERT.RSA
size: 906
md5: 860e19fa47d37d9510f1245c511a8578
sha1: 59a04084c0d5ef23fd05f0f429dab6267ccb3d0b
sha256: 0efa622919417adfa6eb77770fd33d3bcd93265ac7343695e246dab1a7b6bfee
sha512: 2a5befcc0bcb14e44d7b7cb4322a76933ad3e90e5e1ffbb87ba31ee7cc0172725dcc98e9d414fb3a207bc107b2a7ca7563b5f954cac6bd41d77e4726c70a95a3
manifest:
file: AndroidManifest.xml
size: 6544
md5: 1f97f7e7ca62f39f8f81d79b1b540c37
sha1: 011316a011e5b8738c12c662cb0b0a6ffe04ca74
sha256: 7c8011a46191ecb368bf2e0104049abeb98bae8a7b1fa3328ff050aed85b1347
sha512: 8c7c1ede610f9c6613418b46a52a196ad6d5e8cc067c2f26b931738ad8087f998d9ea95e80ec4352c95fbdbb93a4f29c646973535068a3a3d584da95480ab45f
package: com.example.app
version:
code: 1
name: 1.0
sdk:
min: 10
target: 20
max: 20
permissions:
- android.permission.INTERNET
- android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
- android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED
- android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
dex:
file: classes.dex
size: 2132
md5: 7bc52ece5249ccd2d72c4360f9be2ca5
sha1: 89476799bf92798047ca026c922a5bc33983b008
sha256: 3f543c68c4c059548cec619a68f329010d797e5e4c00aa46cd34c0d19cabe056
sha512: 0725f961bc1bac47eb8dd045c2f0a0cf5475fd77089af7ddc3098e341a95d8b5624969b6fa47606a05d5a6adf9d74d0c52562ea41a376bd3d7d0aa3695ca2e22
$ ninjadroid regression/data/Example.apk --all --json
```json
{
"cert": {
"file": "META-INF/CERT.RSA",
"fingerprint": {
"md5": "",
"sha1": "5A:C0:6C:32:63:7F:5D:BE:CA:F9:38:38:4C:FA:FF:ED:20:52:43:B6",
"sha256": "E5:15:CC:BC:5E:BF:B2:9D:A6:13:03:63:CF:19:33:FA:CE:AF:DC:ED:5D:2F:F5:98:7C:CE:37:13:64:4A:CF:77",
"signature": "SHA1withRSA",
"version": "3"
},
"issuer": {
"city": "City",
"country": "XX",
"domain": "",
"email": "",
"name": "Name",
"organization": "Organization",
"state": "State",
"unit": "Unit"
},
"md5": "860e19fa47d37d9510f1245c511a8578",
"owner": {
"city": "City",
"country": "XX",
"domain": "",
"email": "",
"name": "Name",
"organization": "Organization",
"state": "State",
"unit": "Unit"
},
"serial_number": "558e7595",
"sha1": "59a04084c0d5ef23fd05f0f429dab6267ccb3d0b",
"sha256": "0efa622919417adfa6eb77770fd33d3bcd93265ac7343695e246dab1a7b6bfee",
"sha512": "2a5befcc0bcb14e44d7b7cb4322a76933ad3e90e5e1ffbb87ba31ee7cc0172725dcc98e9d414fb3a207bc107b2a7ca7563b5f954cac6bd41d77e4726c70a95a3",
"size": 906,
"validity": {
"from": "2015-06-27 10:06:13Z",
"until": "2515-02-26 10:06:13Z"
}
},
"dex": [
{
"file": "classes.dex",
"md5": "7bc52ece5249ccd2d72c4360f9be2ca5",
"sha1": "89476799bf92798047ca026c922a5bc33983b008",
"sha256": "3f543c68c4c059548cec619a68f329010d797e5e4c00aa46cd34c0d19cabe056",
"sha512": "0725f961bc1bac47eb8dd045c2f0a0cf5475fd77089af7ddc3098e341a95d8b5624969b6fa47606a05d5a6adf9d74d0c52562ea41a376bd3d7d0aa3695ca2e22",
"shell_commands": [
"set"
],
"size": 2132,
"strings": [
"!Lcom/example/app/ExampleService2;",
"!Lcom/example/app/ExampleService3;",
"#Landroid/content/BroadcastReceiver;",
")Lcom/example/app/ExampleBrodcastReceiver;",
"*Lcom/example/app/ExampleBrodcastReceiver2;",
"*Lcom/example/app/ExampleBrodcastReceiver3;",
"*Lcom/example/app/ExampleBrodcastReceiver4;",
"<init>",
"Landroid/app/Activity;",
"Landroid/app/Service;",
"Landroid/content/Context;",
"Landroid/content/Intent;",
"Landroid/os/Bundle;",
"Landroid/os/IBinder;",
"Lcom/example/app/ExampleService;",
"Lcom/example/app/HomeActivity;",
"Lcom/example/app/OtherActivity;",
"onBind",
"onCreate",
"onReceive",
"setContentView"
],
"urls": []
}
],
"file": "regression/data/Example.apk",
"manifest": {
"activities": [
{
"intent-filter": [
{
"action": [
"android.intent.action.MAIN"
],
"category": [
"android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"
]
}
],
"launchMode": "1",
"name": "com.example.app.HomeActivity"
},
{
"intent-filter": [
{
"action": [
"android.intent.action.VIEW"
],
"category": [
"android.intent.category.DEFAULT"
],
"data": [
{
"scheme": "content"
},
{
"scheme": "file"
},
{
"mimeType": "application/vnd.android.package-archive"
}
]
}
],
"launchMode": "1",
"meta-data": [
{
"name": "android.support.PARENT_ACTIVITY",
"value": "com.example.app.HomeActivity"
}
],
"name": "com.example.app.OtherActivity",
"noHistory": "true",
"parentActivityName": "com.example.app.HomeActivity"
}
],
"file": "AndroidManifest.xml",
"md5": "1f97f7e7ca62f39f8f81d79b1b540c37",
"package": "com.example.app",
"permissions": [
"android.permission.INTERNET",
"android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE",
"android.permission.RECEIVE_BOOT_COMPLETED",
"android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"
],
"receivers": [
{
"name": "com.example.app.ExampleBrodcastReceiver"
},
{
"exported": false,
"intent-filter": [
{
"action": [
"android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED",
"android.intent.action.MY_PACKAGE_REPLACED"
],
"priority": "1000"
}
],
"name": "com.example.app.ExampleBrodcastReceiver2"
},
{
"enabled": true,
"exported": false,
"intent-filter": [
{
"action": [
"android.intent.action.BROADCAST_PACKAGE_REMOVED",
"android.intent.action.PACKAGE_ADDED",
"android.intent.action.PACKAGE_REPLACED"
],
"data": [
{
"scheme": "package"
}
],
"priority": "800"
}
],
"name": "com.example.app.ExampleBrodcastReceiver3"
},
{
"enabled": false,
"exported": true,
"name": "com.example.app.ExampleBrodcastReceiver4"
}
],
"sdk": {
"max": "20",
"min": "10",
"target": "20"
},
"services": [
{
"name": "com.example.app.ExampleService"
},
{
"enabled": false,
"exported": true,
"isolatedProcess": true,
"name": "com.example.app.ExampleService2"
},
{
"enabled": true,
"exported": false,
"isolatedProcess": false,
"name": "com.example.app.ExampleService3"
}
],
"sha1": "011316a011e5b8738c12c662cb0b0a6ffe04ca74",
"sha256": "7c8011a46191ecb368bf2e0104049abeb98bae8a7b1fa3328ff050aed85b1347",
"sha512": "8c7c1ede610f9c6613418b46a52a196ad6d5e8cc067c2f26b931738ad8087f998d9ea95e80ec4352c95fbdbb93a4f29c646973535068a3a3d584da95480ab45f",
"size": 6544,
"version": {
"code": 1,
"name": "1.0"
}
},
"md5": "c9504f487c8b51412ba4980bfe3cc15d",
"name": "Example",
"other": [
{
"file": "res/drawable-hdpi-v4/ic_launcher.png",
"md5": "e74dbf28ebab4e1b7442a9c78067d1c2",
"sha1": "450d3d44325fdf259810a60e6afa36103e186b3d",
"sha256": "9b2639dbfdd60e0dab70e572f39660c8dfabd19b7987a7619d770824db342925",
"sha512": "44050c4db6d5275b70856050c0d58d3d9892ba09bd8cf1a8343a3c6d4f2e2af6eae1f8b687efb59b7f8122e5bea1a63e08546fee35124cc0faab40ef6274ab4f",
"size": 9193
},
{
"file": "res/drawable-hdpi-v4/ic_launcher_logo.png",
"md5": "e74dbf28ebab4e1b7442a9c78067d1c2",
"sha1": "450d3d44325fdf259810a60e6afa36103e186b3d",
"sha256": "9b2639dbfdd60e0dab70e572f39660c8dfabd19b7987a7619d770824db342925",
"sha512": "44050c4db6d5275b70856050c0d58d3d9892ba09bd8cf1a8343a3c6d4f2e2af6eae1f8b687efb59b7f8122e5bea1a63e08546fee35124cc0faab40ef6274ab4f",
"size": 9193
},
{
"file": "res/drawable-ldpi-v4/ic_launcher.png",
"md5": "58b9a42eeb99fad5321208fe02f24375",
"sha1": "09ea65885b4080e515ef7064e816c77991c0757b",
"sha256": "c4f061b2c758185371f39afcb166ba039e955d3be2619ab5469a1b873f952d0d",
"sha512": "415ed16de6fd335b24bd985d9152323d04fc02287acd3f26fa98722832cfecf89cf2c77ad8ae3f5588acc5cac401129ac3b3d714abbf8dcc492ab2fd98f106e5",
"size": 2658
},
{
"file": "res/drawable-ldpi-v4/ic_launcher_logo.png",
"md5": "58b9a42eeb99fad5321208fe02f24375",
"sha1": "09ea65885b4080e515ef7064e816c77991c0757b",
"sha256": "c4f061b2c758185371f39afcb166ba039e955d3be2619ab5469a1b873f952d0d",
"sha512": "415ed16de6fd335b24bd985d9152323d04fc02287acd3f26fa98722832cfecf89cf2c77ad8ae3f5588acc5cac401129ac3b3d714abbf8dcc492ab2fd98f106e5",
"size": 2658
},
{
"file": "res/drawable-mdpi-v4/ic_launcher.png",
"md5": "acefc1f320111a8d71bcdb8b4aa0656c",
"sha1": "23730fd0d5e720d1f719be1afc8c48fa7305da6c",
"sha256": "05346d62d4096537906928af523ef9d5997663707a1d48e08f20992584e1424d",
"sha512": "59896fc52679e86898dc09b56fb53270d4297c53adee26f864657c5ef4aff9e5f5922dfa9370c3d1748068aa7b1270e0fa8a1323ce3b69c7548a50ca221befc1",
"size": 5057
},
{
"file": "res/drawable-mdpi-v4/ic_launcher_logo.png",
"md5": "acefc1f320111a8d71bcdb8b4aa0656c",
"sha1": "23730fd0d5e720d1f719be1afc8c48fa7305da6c",
"sha256": "05346d62d4096537906928af523ef9d5997663707a1d48e08f20992584e1424d",
"sha512": "59896fc52679e86898dc09b56fb53270d4297c53adee26f864657c5ef4aff9e5f5922dfa9370c3d1748068aa7b1270e0fa8a1323ce3b69c7548a50ca221befc1",
"size": 5057
},
{
"file": "res/drawable-xhdpi-v4/ic_launcher.png",
"md5": "94f5591633218c0b469b65947fd8943b",
"sha1": "502cd84fa444f26d7ecfdf4a355064867977f236",
"sha256": "29d15992424b40757135f47fc8ddd15e30c7774646b37755608f7cfec1df7d8a",
"sha512": "d5b48e065a614c5a2400b6565dc36777d9923d8d5154487113dd1f46b05d36d1db3f28fb72f61a68fcbd225c93495541579574e6611f650fe2857767412c3b1f",
"size": 14068
},
{
"file": "res/drawable-xhdpi-v4/ic_launcher_logo.png",
"md5": "94f5591633218c0b469b65947fd8943b",
"sha1": "502cd84fa444f26d7ecfdf4a355064867977f236",
"sha256": "29d15992424b40757135f47fc8ddd15e30c7774646b37755608f7cfec1df7d8a",
"sha512": "d5b48e065a614c5a2400b6565dc36777d9923d8d5154487113dd1f46b05d36d1db3f28fb72f61a68fcbd225c93495541579574e6611f650fe2857767412c3b1f",
"size": 14068
},
{
"file": "res/layout/main.xml",
"md5": "8cdec0105448937475e45e22c80fd611",
"sha1": "51ebf14ed21238f7d147a6744cae18c0f55fcbe6",
"sha256": "e74db1ac37395ca9fd25b93261d3ab76ed7dfc9b355ea63d856afc7453313738",
"sha512": "2d2147365b8b00f2db7498b7f0ed8a360fc15bd43dfd3704b4b1cb912619d9ff1bc35837eb1e601ea6d1aa3a8c0d555f2105d6ed37de919fa128568527765d63",
"size": 552
},
{
"file": "resources.arsc",
"md5": "2886f2825eef3b5c4478852935c68640",
"sha1": "1eff126288b4bea6fa78eb79832d6a7fa098695e",
"sha256": "ac46f54fa12dc20e94619465482186047505fb9f27508861220063c93f0c6c4e",
"sha512": "da8c41d0c27839ed89cb06a2f89f6993bd88f5179e97f3291f0e17348868b3e9c106e96f482ecd86f11808170937773e7599ccd338900908359e870ea5446169",
"size": 1640
},
{
"file": "META-INF/MANIFEST.MF",
"md5": "6098a6409625f1c0d97cd33c13ad300c",
"sha1": "ccfe31190feb259a4a56599ad1403a956f6944b5",
"sha256": "8a18f285481346919f4df55f576ee504bf5abecb068a2d642fdef17f3b5cd631",
"sha512": "17a68bf605aff149aa31e1b0b81af3d3f74f939e1cb7a10f3eddf84775f901b09ba9722efad1265b0057cdfcd12c6fac701067993081620b00bbfcc4efff3599",
"size": 1061
},
{
"file": "META-INF/CERT.SF",
"md5": "fb02917b68510e413a06e52873802bcd",
"sha1": "dfb7bbb487010b980152610fe7d669c1b4f626be",
"sha256": "e2fa373f8b065ef7c78387ab9242e98dd19bdeb2b768295506295f7beb0bfe3f",
"sha512": "3aa74603588ca5c563b6586d1216dc6cea3b8d2a1a47eb189197e8f20cd7508d3e652c7ff849261e95cff52451476b2993caadf051fdf66cc01f5e6e16b180fc",
"size": 1114
}
],
"sha1": "482a28812495b996a92191fbb3be1376193ca59b",
"sha256": "8773441a656b60c5e18481fd5ba9c1bf350d98789b975987cb3b2b57ee44ee51",
"sha512": "559eab9840ff2f8507842605e60bb0730442ddf9ee7ca4ab4f386f715c1a4707766065d6f0b977816886692bf88b400643979e2fd13e6999358a21cabdfb3071",
"size": 70058
}
$ ninjadroid regression/data/Example.apk --all --extract output/
```shell
>> NinjaDroid: [INFO] Executing apktool...
>> NinjaDroid: [INFO] Creating output/smali/...
>> NinjaDroid: [INFO] Creating output/AndroidManifest.xml...
>> NinjaDroid: [INFO] Creating output/res/...
>> NinjaDroid: [INFO] Creating output/assets/...
>> NinjaDroid: [INFO] Executing dex2jar...
>> NinjaDroid: [INFO] Creating output/Example.jar...
dex2jar regression/data/Example.apk -> output/Example.jar
>> NinjaDroid: [INFO] Extracting certificate file...
>> NinjaDroid: [INFO] Creating output/META-INF/CERT.RSA...
>> NinjaDroid: [INFO] Extracting DEX files...
>> NinjaDroid: [INFO] Creating output/classes.dex...
>> NinjaDroid: [INFO] Generating JSON report file...
>> NinjaDroid: [INFO] Creating output/report-Example.json...
NOTA: senza specificare una directory di output, verrà creata una directory con il nome del pacchetto APK all'interno della directory di lavoro corrente.
NinjaDroid è distribuito sotto licenza GNU General Public License v3.0 (http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html).