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al-khaser — Tecniche malware pubbliche utilizzate in natura: Virtual Machine, Emulation, Debuggers, Sandbox detection. | Kitploit
Strumenti/GitHubGitHub/ayoubfaouzi/al-khaser
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GitHubayoubfaouzi/al-khaser

al-khaser

Tecniche malware pubbliche utilizzate in natura: Virtual Machine, Emulation, Debuggers, Sandbox detection.

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Al-Khaser v0.81

Logo

Contenuti

  • Introduzione
  • Possibili usi
  • Funzionalità
  • Attacchi anti-debug
  • Anti-Dumping
  • Attacchi temporali
  • Interazione umana
  • Anti-VM
  • Anti-Disassemblaggio
  • Requisiti
  • Licenza

Introduzione

al-khaser è un'applicazione PoC "malware" con buone intenzioni che mira a stressare il tuo sistema anti-malware. Esegue una serie di trucchi comuni dei malware con l'obiettivo di vedere se rimani sotto il radar.

Logo

Utilizzo

root@kitploit:~
$ ./al-khaser.exe -h
Usage: al-khaser.exe [OPTIONS]
Options:
  --check <type>      Enable specific check(s). Can be used multiple times. Valid types are:
                        TLS              (Thread Local Storage callback checks)
                        DEBUG            (Anti-debugging checks)
                        INJECTION        (Code injection checks)
                        GEN_SANDBOX      (Generic sandbox checks)
                        VBOX             (VirtualBox detection)
                        VMWARE           (VMware detection)
                        VPC              (Virtual PC detection)
                        QEMU             (QEMU detection)
                        KVM              (KVM detection)
                        XEN              (Xen detection)
                        WINE             (Wine detection)
                        PARALLELS        (Parallels detection)
                        HYPERV           (Hyper-V detection)
                        CODE_INJECTIONS  (Additional code injection techniques)
                        TIMING_ATTACKS   (Timing/sleep-based sandbox evasion)
                        DUMPING_CHECK    (Dumping memory/process checks)
                        ANALYSIS_TOOLS   (Analysis tools detection)
                        ANTI_DISASSM     (Anti-disassembly checks)
  --sleep <seconds>   Set sleep/delay duration in seconds (default: 600).
  --delay <seconds>   Alias for --sleep.
  -h, --help          Show this help message and exit.

Esempi:
  al-khaser.exe --check DEBUG --check TIMING_ATTACKS --sleep 30
  al-khaser.exe --check VMWARE --check QEMU
  al-khaser.exe --sleep 30

Download

Puoi scaricare i binari precompilati (x86, x64) dalla pagina delle release di questo progetto. La password per i file 7z si trova qui.

Possibili usi

  • Stai sviluppando un plugin anti-debug e vuoi verificarne l'efficacia.
  • Vuoi assicurarti che la tua soluzione sandbox sia abbastanza nascosta.
  • Oppure vuoi assicurarti che il tuo ambiente di analisi malware sia ben nascosto.

Per favore, se incontri uno dei trucchi anti-analisi che hai visto in un malware, non esitare a contribuire.

Funzionalità

Attacchi anti-debug

  • IsDebuggerPresent
  • CheckRemoteDebuggerPresent
  • Process Environment Block (BeingDebugged)
  • Process Environment Block (NtGlobalFlag)
  • ProcessHeap (Flags)
  • ProcessHeap (ForceFlags)
  • Low Fragmentation Heap (LFH)
  • NtQueryInformationProcess (ProcessDebugPort)
  • NtQueryInformationProcess (ProcessDebugFlags)
  • NtQueryInformationProcess (ProcessDebugObject)
  • WudfIsAnyDebuggerPresent
  • WudfIsKernelDebuggerPresent
  • WudfIsUserDebuggerPresent
  • NtSetInformationThread (HideThreadFromDebugger)
  • NtQueryObject (ObjectTypeInformation)
  • NtQueryObject (ObjectAllTypesInformation)
  • CloseHanlde (NtClose) Invalide Handle
  • SetHandleInformation (Protected Handle)
  • UnhandledExceptionFilter
  • OutputDebugString (GetLastError())
  • Hardware Breakpoints (SEH / GetThreadContext)
  • Software Breakpoints (INT3 / 0xCC)
  • Memory Breakpoints (PAGE_GUARD)
  • Interrupt 0x2d
  • Interrupt 1
  • Trap Flag
  • Parent Process (Explorer.exe)
  • SeDebugPrivilege (Csrss.exe)
  • NtYieldExecution / SwitchToThread
  • TLS callbacks
  • Process jobs
  • Memory write watching
  • Page exception breakpoint detection
  • API hook detection (module bounds based)

Anti-injection

  • Enumerate modules with EnumProcessModulesEx (32-bit, 64-bit, and all options)
  • Enumerate modules with ToolHelp32
  • Enumerate the process LDR structures with LdrEnumerateLoadedModules
  • Enumerate the process LDR structures directly
  • Walk memory with GetModuleInformation
  • Walk memory for hidden modules

Anti-Dumping

  • Erase PE header from memory
  • SizeOfImage

Attacchi temporali [Anti-Sandbox]

  • RDTSC (with CPUID to force a VM Exit)
  • RDTSC (Locky version with GetProcessHeap & CloseHandle)
  • Sleep -> SleepEx -> NtDelayExecution
  • Sleep (in a loop a small delay)
  • Sleep and check if time was accelerated (GetTickCount)
  • SetTimer (Standard Windows Timers)
  • timeSetEvent (Multimedia Timers)
  • WaitForSingleObject -> WaitForSingleObjectEx -> NtWaitForSingleObject
  • WaitForMultipleObjects -> WaitForMultipleObjectsEx -> NtWaitForMultipleObjects
  • IcmpSendEcho (CCleaner Malware)
  • CreateWaitableTimer
  • CreateTimerQueueTimer
  • Big crypto loops (todo)

Interazione umana / Generico [Anti-Sandbox]

  • Mouse movement
  • File names like sample.exe or sandbox.exe.
  • Total Physical memory (GlobalMemoryStatusEx)
  • Disk size using DeviceIoControl (IOCTL_DISK_GET_LENGTH_INFO)
  • Disk size using GetDiskFreeSpaceEx (TotalNumberOfBytes)
  • Mouse (Single click / Double click) (todo)
  • DialogBox (todo)
  • Scrolling (todo)
  • Execution after reboot (todo)
  • Count of processors (Win32/Tinba - Win32/Dyre)
  • Sandbox known product IDs (todo)
  • Color of background pixel (todo)
  • Keyboard layout (Win32/Banload) (todo)
  • Genuine Windows installation.
  • Known Sandbox hostnames and usernames

Anti-Virtualizzazione / Emulazione completa del sistema

  • Registry key value artifacts

    • HARDWARE\DEVICEMAP\Scsi\Scsi Port 0\Scsi Bus 0\Target Id 0\Logical Unit Id 0 (Identifier) (VBOX)
    • HARDWARE\DEVICEMAP\Scsi\Scsi Port 0\Scsi Bus 0\Target Id 0\Logical Unit Id 0 (Identifier) (QEMU)
    • HARDWARE\Description\System (SystemBiosVersion) (VBOX)
    • HARDWARE\Description\System (SystemBiosVersion) (QEMU)
    • HARDWARE\Description\System (VideoBiosVersion) (VIRTUALBOX)
    • HARDWARE\Description\System (SystemBiosDate) (06/23/99)
    • HARDWARE\DEVICEMAP\Scsi\Scsi Port 0\Scsi Bus 0\Target Id 0\Logical Unit Id 0 (Identifier) (VMWARE)
    • HARDWARE\DEVICEMAP\Scsi\Scsi Port 1\Scsi Bus 0\Target Id 0\Logical Unit Id 0 (Identifier) (VMWARE)
    • HARDWARE\DEVICEMAP\Scsi\Scsi Port 2\Scsi Bus 0\Target Id 0\Logical Unit Id 0 (Identifier) (VMWARE)
    • SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\SystemInformation (SystemManufacturer) (VMWARE)
    • SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Control\SystemInformation (SystemProductName) (VMWARE)

  • Registry Keys artifacts

    • HARDWARE\ACPI\DSDT\VBOX__ (VBOX)
    • HARDWARE\ACPI\FADT\VBOX__ (VBOX)
    • HARDWARE\ACPI\RSDT\VBOX__ (VBOX)
    • SOFTWARE\Oracle\VirtualBox Guest Additions (VBOX)
    • SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\VBoxGuest (VBOX)
    • SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\VBoxMouse (VBOX)
    • SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\VBoxService (VBOX)
    • SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\VBoxSF (VBOX)
    • SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\VBoxVideo (VBOX)
    • SOFTWARE\VMware, Inc.\VMware Tools (VMWARE)
    • SOFTWARE\Wine (WINE)
    • SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Virtual Machine\Guest\Parameters (HYPER-V)
    • SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Disk\Enum
    • SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\IDE
    • SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Enum\SCSI

  • File system artifacts

    • "system32\drivers\VBoxMouse.sys"
    • "system32\drivers\VBoxGuest.sys"
    • "system32\drivers\VBoxSF.sys"
    • "system32\drivers\VBoxVideo.sys"
    • "system32\vboxdisp.dll"
    • "system32\vboxhook.dll"
    • "system32\vboxmrxnp.dll"
    • "system32\vboxogl.dll"
    • "system32\vboxoglarrayspu.dll"
    • "system32\vboxoglcrutil.dll"
    • "system32\vboxoglerrorspu.dll"
    • "system32\vboxoglfeedbackspu.dll"
    • "system32\vboxoglpackspu.dll"
    • "system32\vboxoglpassthroughspu.dll"
    • "system32\vboxservice.exe"
    • "system32\vboxtray.exe"

Anti-Analysis

  • Processes
    • OllyDBG / ImmunityDebugger / WinDbg / IDA Pro / X64dbg / Cheat Engine
    • SysInternals Suite Tools (Process Explorer / Process Monitor / Regmon / Filemon, TCPView, Autoruns)
    • Wireshark / Dumpcap / Fiddler / Http Debugger
    • ProcessHacker / SysAnalyzer / HookExplorer / SysInspector
    • ImportREC / PETools / LordPE
    • JoeBox Sandbox
    • Resource Hacker
    • Frida

Anti-Disassemblaggio

  • Salto con condizione costante
  • Istruzione di salto con stessa destinazione
  • Disassemblaggio impossibile
  • Puntatori a funzione
  • Abuso del puntatore di ritorno

Attacchi macro malware

  • Document_Close / Auto_Close.
  • Application.RecentFiles.Count

Tecniche di iniezione di codice/DLL

  • CreateRemoteThread
  • SetWindowsHooksEx
  • NtCreateThreadEx
  • RtlCreateUserThread
  • APC (QueueUserAPC / NtQueueApcThread)
  • RunPE (GetThreadContext / SetThreadContext)

Autori

  • Mattiwatti: Matthijs Lavrijsen
  • gsuberland: Graham Sutherland
  • hFireF0x: hfiref0x

I pull request sono benvenuti. Leggi le Linee guida per sviluppatori sulla nostra wiki se desideri contribuire al progetto.

Riferimenti

  • An Anti-Reverse Engineering Guide By Josh Jackson.
  • Anti-Unpacker Tricks By Peter Ferrie.
  • The Art Of Unpacking By Mark Vincent Yason.
  • Walied Assar's blog http://waleedassar.blogspot.de/.
  • Pafish tool: https://github.com/a0rtega/pafish.
  • PafishMacro by JoeSecurity: https://github.com/joesecurity/pafishmacro
Scarica lo strumento
  • "system32\VBoxControl.exe"
  • "system32\drivers\vmmouse.sys"
  • "system32\drivers\vmhgfs.sys"
  • "system32\drivers\vm3dmp.sys"
  • "system32\drivers\vmci.sys"
  • "system32\drivers\vmhgfs.sys"
  • "system32\drivers\vmmemctl.sys"
  • "system32\drivers\vmmouse.sys"
  • "system32\drivers\vmrawdsk.sys"
  • "system32\drivers\vmusbmouse.sys"

  • Directories artifacts

    • "%PROGRAMFILES%\oracle\virtualbox guest additions\"
    • "%PROGRAMFILES%\VMWare\"

  • Memory artifacts

    • Interupt Descriptor Table (IDT) location
    • Local Descriptor Table (LDT) location
    • Global Descriptor Table (GDT) location
    • Task state segment trick with STR

  • MAC Address

    • "\x08\x00\x27" (VBOX)
    • "\x00\x05\x69" (VMWARE)
    • "\x00\x0C\x29" (VMWARE)
    • "\x00\x1C\x14" (VMWARE)
    • "\x00\x50\x56" (VMWARE)
    • "\x00\x1C\x42" (Parallels)
    • "\x00\x16\x3E" (Xen)
    • "\x0A\x00\x27" (Hybrid Analysis)

  • Virtual devices

    • "\\.\VBoxMiniRdrDN"
    • "\\.\VBoxGuest"
    • "\\.\pipe\VBoxMiniRdDN"
    • "\\.\VBoxTrayIPC"
    • "\\.\pipe\VBoxTrayIPC")
    • "\\.\HGFS"
    • "\\.\vmci"

  • Hardware Device information

    • SetupAPI SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo (GUID_DEVCLASS_DISKDRIVE)
      • QEMU
      • VMWare
      • VBOX
      • VIRTUAL HD
    • Power policies (S1-S4 states, thermal control)

  • System Firmware Tables

    • SMBIOS string checks (VirtualBox)
    • SMBIOS string checks (VMWare)
    • SMBIOS string checks (Qemu)
    • SMBIOS number of tables (Qemu, VirtualBox)
    • ACPI string checks (WAET table, PNP devices, PM state with battery checks)
    • ACPI string checks (VirtualBox)
    • ACPI string checks (VMWare)
    • ACPI string checks (Qemu)

  • Driver Services

    • VirtualBox
    • VMWare

  • Adapter name

    • VMWare

  • Windows Class

    • VBoxTrayToolWndClass
    • VBoxTrayToolWnd

  • Network shares

    • VirtualBox Shared Folders

  • Processes

    • vboxservice.exe (VBOX)
    • vboxtray.exe (VBOX)
    • vmtoolsd.exe(VMWARE)
    • vmwaretray.exe(VMWARE)
    • vmwareuser(VMWARE)
    • VGAuthService.exe (VMWARE)
    • vmacthlp.exe (VMWARE)
    • vmsrvc.exe(VirtualPC)
    • vmusrvc.exe(VirtualPC)
    • prl_cc.exe(Parallels)
    • prl_tools.exe(Parallels)
    • xenservice.exe(Citrix Xen)
    • qemu-ga.exe (QEMU)
    • looking-glass-host.exe (GENERIC)
    • VDDSysTray.exe (GENERIC)

  • WMI

    • SELECT * FROM Win32_Bios (SerialNumber) (GENERIC)
    • SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity (DeviceId) (VBOX)
    • SELECT * FROM Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration (MACAddress) (VBOX)
    • SELECT * FROM Win32_NTEventlogFile (VBOX)
    • SELECT * FROM Win32_Processor (NumberOfCores and ProcessorId) (GENERIC)
    • SELECT * FROM Win32_LogicalDisk (Size) (GENERIC)
    • SELECT * FROM Win32_ComputerSystem (Model and Manufacturer) (GENERIC)
    • SELECT * FROM MSAcpi_ThermalZoneTemperature CurrentTemperature) (GENERIC)
    • SELECT * FROM Win32_Fan (GENERIC)

  • DLL Exports and Loaded DLLs

    • avghookx.dll (AVG)
    • avghooka.dll (AVG)
    • snxhk.dll (Avast)
    • kernel32.dll!wine_get_unix_file_nameWine (Wine)
    • sbiedll.dll (Sandboxie)
    • dbghelp.dll (MS debugging support routines)
    • api_log.dll (iDefense Labs)
    • dir_watch.dll (iDefense Labs)
    • pstorec.dll (SunBelt Sandbox)
    • vmcheck.dll (Virtual PC)
    • wpespy.dll (WPE Pro)
    • cmdvrt32.dll (Comodo Container)
    • cmdvrt64.dll (Comodo Container)

  • CPU

    • Hypervisor presence using (EAX=0x1)
    • Hypervisor vendor using (EAX=0x40000000)
      • "KVMKVMKVM\0\0\0" (KVM)
        • "Microsoft Hv"(Microsoft Hyper-V or Windows Virtual PC)
        • "VMwareVMware"(VMware)
        • "XenVMMXenVMM"(Xen)
        • "prl hyperv "( Parallels) -"VBoxVBoxVBox"( VirtualBox)

  • NtQueryLicenseValue with Kernel-VMDetection-Private as license value.