
JKS 관에 박는 못 - JKS 파일의 개인 키 항목 비밀번호 크래킹
Java Key Store(JKS)는 하나 이상의 비대칭 암호화용 암호화 개인키 및 공개키를 파일에 저장하는 Java 방식입니다. 다양한 키 저장소 형식이 있지만, Java와 Android는 여전히 JKS 파일 형식을 기본으로 사용합니다. JKS는 Java 키 저장소의 파일 형식 중 하나이지만, JKS는 혼란스럽게도 일반 Java 키 저장소 API의 약어로도 사용됩니다. 이 프로젝트는 JKS 파일 형식의 보안 메커니즘과 개인키의 비밀번호 보호를 크래킹하는 방법에 대한 정보를 포함합니다. JKS의 독특한 설계로 인해 개발된 구현은 키 저장소 비밀번호를 무시하고 개인키 비밀번호를 직접 크래킹할 수 있습니다. 키 저장소 비밀번호를 무시하기 때문에, 이 구현은 대부분의 다른 도구와 달리 모든 JKS 구성을 공격할 수 있습니다. JKS의 개인키에 대한 비밀번호 기반 암호화 방식의 약점을 악용하여 비밀번호를 매우 효율적으로 크래킹할 수 있습니다. 지금까지 이 약점을 악용한 공개 도구는 없었습니다. 이 기술은 hashcat에 구현되어 GPU에서 더 높은 크래킹 속도로 알고리즘의 효율성을 증폭시킵니다.
이론 부분을 확인하려면 이 저장소에 포함된 pocorgtfo15.pdf (이슈 0x15)의 POC||GTFO 기사 "15:12 Java Key Store 관에 박는 못"을 참조하거나, 이 아름다운 미러와 같은 다양한 미러에서 확인하세요: https://unpack.debug.su/pocorgtfo/
물어보기 전에: JCEKS, BKS 또는 기타 Key Store 형식은 (아직) 지원되지 않습니다.
정답은 직접 크래킹 하드웨어를 구축하는 것입니다 ;) . 하지만 조금 더 실용적으로 접근하자면, GPU를 사용하는 것입니다:``` : _____________ : v3.6.0 ____________ _\ |_ /___ \ |____ _ / ______ | _ | __ \ / _ | /_ __ |/ | | | \ ___ / | | \ / \ | | || |__/ / /| |/: | |_:-aTZ!/_/ |: /__:
다음 명령을 실행하기만 하면 됩니다:```
java -jar JksPrivkPrepare.jar your_JKS_file.jks > hash.txt
hash.txt 파일이 비어 있다면, JKS 파일에 개인 키가 없거나 JKS 파일이 아닌 파일을 지정한 것입니다.
그런 다음 hash.txt 파일을 hashcat에 입력하세요 (버전 3.6.0 이상, 하지만 안전을 위해 매우 긴 암호를 크랙할 수 있도록 hashcat 버전 4 이상을 사용하시길 권장합니다!), 예를 들어 다음과 같이:
hashcat -m 17600 hash.txt -a 3 ?b?b?b?b?b?b?b?b --potfile-disable --keep-guessing
$ ./hashcat -m 15500 -a 3 -1 '?u|' -w 3 hash.txt ?1?1?1?1?1?1?1?1?1 hashcat (v3.6.0) starting...
Hashes: 1 digests; 1 unique digests, 1 unique salts Bitmaps: 16 bits, 65536 entries, 0x0000ffff mask, 262144 bytes, 5/13 rotates
Applicable optimizers:
Watchdog: Temperature abort trigger set to 90c Watchdog: Temperature retain trigger set to 75c
$jksprivk$D1BC102EF5FE5F1A7ED6A63431767DD4E1569670...8test:POC||GTFO
Session..........: hashcat Status...........: Cracked Hash.Type........: JKS Java Key Store Private Keys (SHA1) Hash.Target......: $jksprivk$D1BC102EF5FE5F1A7ED6A63431767DD4E1569670...8test Time.Started.....: Tue May 30 17:41:58 2017 (8 mins, 25 secs) Time.Estimated...: Tue May 30 17:50:23 2017 (0 secs) Guess.Mask.......: ?1?1?1?1?1?1?1?1?1 [9] Guess.Charset....: -1 ?u|, -2 Undefined, -3 Undefined, -4 Undefined Guess.Queue......: 1/1 (100.00%) Speed.Dev.#1.....: 7946.6 MH/s (39.48ms) Recovered........: 1/1 (100.00%) Digests, 1/1 (100.00%) Salts Progress.........: 4014116700160/7625597484987 (52.64%) Rejected.........: 0/4014116700160 (0.00%) Restore.Point....: 5505024000/10460353203 (52.63%) Candidates.#1....: NNVGFSRFO -> Z|ZFVDUFO HWMon.Dev.#1.....: Temp: 75c Fan: 89% Util:100% Core:1936MHz Mem:4513MHz Bus:1
Started: Tue May 30 17:41:56 2017 Stopped: Tue May 30 17:50:24 2017
이 저장소에서 기본적으로 크래킹 세션을 실행하려면 JksPrivkPrepare.jar만 있으면 됩니다.
# John The Ripper 형식에서 hashcat 형식으로
이 정보는 CTF 플레이어나 해시 크래킹 대회 참가자에게만 중요합니다. 실제 상황에서는 JKS 파일에 접근할 수 있고 JksPrivkPrepare.jar를 사용하면 됩니다. 하지만 인위적인 챌린지를 받을 때는 `keystore2john.py`에서 "John the Ripper" 해시 형식만 얻는 경우가 있습니다. "John" 형식에서 원래 JKS 파일로 변환하는 방법을 설명하겠습니다 (예, 전체 파일이 john 해시 형식에 포함되어 있습니다). 예제를 살펴보겠습니다:```
$ python2 keystore2john.py JKS-private-key-cracker-hashcat/example_jks/androidstudio_default_123456.jks
androidstudio_default_123456.jks:$keystore$0$2033$feedfeed00000002000000010000000100076d79616c6961730000015c4ee06a4700000500308204fc300e060a2b060104012a021101010500048204e84e2fffc6379d0fb4a70a86dd0d0d7e08fad4422a99cf6280ce973cc53c0864e90cf94d889e03a8fbf76520e60cfad58059704850946691f089df5324c5226b86f4f3ef0a48d5d347adfb7917e41a3fd3baf3d4f777443444c605b4cc176788511ccc7534dd07a9d9da8e4dff6b3eeb17b7e17b821b9d834e936658c0db85d9bd295d36f4c62df72b4c1bcd0555110a3807a7b371caf4ff22afb781e858cf19f4519aa03efe92f6534c7dbdd8849f937deb9be54adc86b2f143e7707aba55c4d8a0809db2fa60d88b18949f89126c4e27a26a365290f2dcc6884d5e4c55ce2a404ea49d00135d09643b958c2de3ad20717bcdb396378bddd7d3001bfd38e28b365402fdff855c0b1cad20ddaf58c574ceff2b25b2a38d9a2b099136a766fef0aeca613791f2691ec7e4d2ff2d085db93a123585686802d7ccc1235788d96e693921cf136146952a8da51f4fbf15d840c40ee2131350393ea2533aa0c42a1d91154e85d495cdc9c326c8f3d8579ef0363f98b2bdcb95b0c586b692f4f3c4ebd3b49bebbccb20bc104c272d02fbad14c82b3069838a19d7432ee72870443b45cfe9848d4c059da24a40f3a18c1efe718a79f329a139bba29d545b67e8b675409bca08786c1b427ffd8bd45b1487314477edd54da3f774f6d4bf964a4984ba8c26212111a8e1894da7e8088ac48e3143e72b9b8982a6c0cd18a7878fe980f892bf47bb0c9d7ebcb391ea158ac0a87bff6f0ab83ff024e32b8e332b8f7f38854c0ab8c1c76f1bd5553bedbee8b96e7141a0409c6b93c5f4ae028f2441f938634470b70b724dd996bdf0f397283039871bbf931017fc7dd5f9735f66e0d5245e743cccf4ae026f1243844c413455da6c75fd16e3bd01446cca40e504901cdbec29c2be8908d0d6624a0efa480cfb350ee7deb06772010ef8d81903b0e66fb838a1c260161ac8b022f41e730b346731c414e3ea39bc6cd3090ad9705b9bb1e6f0d29321d240215b885bc57204c7110ea241e9b11fc639ddd500e5b6085d2ad1c18b2165f8c66303809c50059a6258f7a392476a1c8f6f519f7954377631e45d16d716eabaac1eccf675ad8f0b30bd1058d922e3d3f55bb3a4070101d1e0ae24ced549c6a704e001342544f2e0f173e9aed88037ff50091f268f3b4747d8028695f2932cd0cb0163442c5e667b0fb2415bdcc706194c0f24a6946a7e5eed353c3ddcc7df0806d5c4feeaf0790dbedbb3570ac41e7f48a9ab1da79e659416c3deed4ddf862e966eaea76399ae6e05692f954dff071c94d3defef00f9bf02c032e85ff13a2d9d46a9526dc3f8d68bb2e5d5f03b51fd564f0ccc83734776b40b6caac0f839c4f1bf963414df6eff87156d7450f4d74ea875f38e61e58b3d5ae58a72fb4bc316bb13f9466df799e6b464b58e23c587c5ce87bd242019aa9f6a96c59d3947d6dbd1f90def23a08c89786858c1df270d690293eb890709718227d543aaf44bda3985b805d560fbafb0ebedd122198e4f5fdba83b37471a9ad08ab4c5e4668e702e0fd3d4f30084a1cf4925e7e02c1d9355a461f2ae87e65c91765bf9cbea70517eb84294e94300c2899b4e04e8733905826a624bf01300b4422449e8a7dfd04b54cdf1f54fa1f25a32ff0907d7d7acedc7f46e81e33d1e1dfecaf71d902f3d5420980ab6e01046b4f29ca676de4a56354866a9e67cf77faa72cbb4eca95e76750f0bd982e35e7b7c072cd5d3ee8a692ebb5d6223de62a14435dff6ed7e9e9240c9c03d464afb91711000000010005582e353039000002bd308202b9308201a1a0030201020204420d78f7300d06092a864886f70d01010b0500300d310b3009060355040613025a48301e170d3137303532383131343534395a170d3432303532323131343534395a300d310b3009060355040613025a4830820122300d06092a864886f70d01010105000382010f003082010a02820101008dc6fd3c50eccc03659b7e1c1b253e6886629545fc0dd8107c237a255a25b52e3cb2f469f1f13f6d968ea1c67bbac2151141070c80e422b181c20ff61d7143d38ad7a5164201435dd8f963790db9385b9300761ead2aa44e79fdc52e5e632c3c57ecd6fc2513828ff5e2d8cec04c667ec735c341d723e367e8021e4f4226deb3ea03d8309e199d6a46ad93adc2c3f8ac4de8a8eb107e41b73ec9d2b84464dfb6c4e46cef6faeefd04f68a96ffe5cdb5db737909ce003d556b9900f12c38222ab167a7602e3cb4a9558ef45fc35ed7ccd9cd88307a0c21fbf61ecf0981afb0d9bdef527838c35e7b52e9b00c30eeae125f83d0f6606835687a025fe41e732678b0203010001a321301f301d0603551d0e04160414ba491ec3b1d084e7016d696fb07f8dbba31a2be8300d06092a864886f70d01010b050003820101008a56f06e8d77e5168a133f30f498170cdffff57d1c48352cde26b372c3e592d59654211e51c7506f55d94045642b0b319aaa6de41c63342735e02db8523ff2e02f97f3fe6dc521fb57fb6c7c22164b8af51b2f25e1bd0eab181cb68c54ada44e0f4ceb60599579805a477358b8b5487a65befd1a5c3953b1dbd81e9d7d3c5a07b03351e18dd24a1706bd9c625b3d2329245e21f3d2702153dae821f7c4a645e506643e18cdd11d9b8c31eb7c4669940551ee93b13e31e755ccbb37402302afa9a7b68c9965d6dfb22b9ef3b959fcf931cebfcddcf4874738f47294812bbcad8f1128ec9a2861a4569f849307f31999ddb3931e811a5d708b3e2202e370b188a5$44f13fd07f8bd5fb219aac5578081d72cfc89272$1$1280$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추출해야 할 부분은 john format에서 "feedfeed"로 시작하는 부분과 다음 부분(44f13fd07f8bd5fb219aac5578081d72cfc89272)을 추출하여 서로 이어 붙인 후(이 순서대로), 16진수 디코딩하여 파일에 저장해야 합니다. 위의 예시의 경우:```
$ python2
f = file("original_jks_file.jks","wb") a = "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" b = "44f13fd07f8bd5fb219aac5578081d72cfc89272" c = a + b f.write(c.decode("hex")) f.close()
이제 방금 생성한 original_jks_file.jks 파일에서 JksPrivkPrepare.jar를 사용할 수 있습니다. 다른 JKS 파일에서 사용하는 것과 동일하게 사용하면 됩니다:```
$ java -jar JksPrivkPrepare.jar original_jks_file.jks
Alias: myalias, algorithm: RSA, keysize or field size: 2048
$jksprivk$*E62A14435DFF6ED7E9E9240C9C03D464AFB91711*4E2FFFC6379D0FB4A70A86DD0D0D7E08FAD4422A*99CF6280CE973CC53C0864E90CF94D889E03A8FBF76520E60CFAD58059704850946691F089DF5324C5226B86F4F3EF0A48D5D347ADFB7917E41A3FD3BAF3D4F777443444C605B4CC176788511CCC7534DD07A9D9DA8E4DFF6B3EEB17B7E17B821B9D834E936658C0DB85D9BD295D36F4C62DF72B4C1BCD0555110A3807A7B371CAF4FF22AFB781E858CF19F4519AA03EFE92F6534C7DBDD8849F937DEB9BE54ADC86B2F143E7707ABA55C4D8A0809DB2FA60D88B18949F89126C4E27A26A365290F2DCC6884D5E4C55CE2A404EA49D00135D09643B958C2DE3AD20717BCDB396378BDDD7D3001BFD38E28B365402FDFF855C0B1CAD20DDAF58C574CEFF2B25B2A38D9A2B099136A766FEF0AECA613791F2691EC7E4D2FF2D085DB93A123585686802D7CCC1235788D96E693921CF136146952A8DA51F4FBF15D840C40EE2131350393EA2533AA0C42A1D91154E85D495CDC9C326C8F3D8579EF0363F98B2BDCB95B0C586B692F4F3C4EBD3B49BEBBCCB20BC104C272D02FBAD14C82B3069838A19D7432EE72870443B45CFE9848D4C059DA24A40F3A18C1EFE718A79F329A139BBA29D545B67E8B675409BCA08786C1B427FFD8BD45B1487314477EDD54DA3F774F6D4BF964A4984BA8C26212111A8E1894DA7E8088AC48E3143E72B9B8982A6C0CD18A7878FE980F892BF47BB0C9D7EBCB391EA158AC0A87BFF6F0AB83FF024E32B8E332B8F7F38854C0AB8C1C76F1BD5553BEDBEE8B96E7141A0409C6B93C5F4AE028F2441F938634470B70B724DD996BDF0F397283039871BBF931017FC7DD5F9735F66E0D5245E743CCCF4AE026F1243844C413455DA6C75FD16E3BD01446CCA40E504901CDBEC29C2BE8908D0D6624A0EFA480CFB350EE7DEB06772010EF8D81903B0E66FB838A1C260161AC8B022F41E730B346731C414E3EA39BC6CD3090AD9705B9BB1E6F0D29321D240215B885BC57204C7110EA241E9B11FC639DDD500E5B6085D2AD1C18B2165F8C66303809C50059A6258F7A392476A1C8F6F519F7954377631E45D16D716EABAAC1ECCF675AD8F0B30BD1058D922E3D3F55BB3A4070101D1E0AE24CED549C6A704E001342544F2E0F173E9AED88037FF50091F268F3B4747D8028695F2932CD0CB0163442C5E667B0FB2415BDCC706194C0F24A6946A7E5EED353C3DDCC7DF0806D5C4FEEAF0790DBEDBB3570AC41E7F48A9AB1DA79E659416C3DEED4DDF862E966EAEA76399AE6E05692F954DFF071C94D3DEFEF00F9BF02C032E85FF13A2D9D46A9526DC3F8D68BB2E5D5F03B51FD564F0CCC83734776B40B6CAAC0F839C4F1BF963414DF6EFF87156D7450F4D74EA875F38E61E58B3D5AE58A72FB4BC316BB13F9466DF799E6B464B58E23C587C5CE87BD242019AA9F6A96C59D3947D6DBD1F90DEF23A08C89786858C1DF270D690293EB890709718227D543AAF44BDA3985B805D560FBAFB0EBEDD122198E4F5FDBA83B37471A9AD08AB4C5E4668E702E0FD3D4F30084A1CF4925E7E02C1D9355A461F2AE87E65C91765BF9CBEA70517EB84294E94300C2899B4E04E8733905826A624BF01300B4422449E8A7DFD04B54CDF1F54FA1F25A32FF0907D7D7ACEDC7F46E81E33D1E1DFECAF71D902F3D5420980AB6E01046B4F29CA676DE4A56354866A9E67CF77FAA72CBB4ECA95E76750F0BD982E35E7B7C072CD5D3EE8A692EBB5D6223D*A9*3CF5310E6DC38AB1CB7F9302A9FA*myalias
이 프로젝트에서 수정된 버전으로 사용된 JKS.java 클래스를 작성한 Casey Marshall에게 큰 감사를 전합니다:``` /* JKS.java -- implementation of the "JKS" key store. Copyright (C) 2003 Casey Marshall [email protected]
Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software and its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation. No representations are made about the suitability of this software for any purpose. It is provided "as is" without express or implied warranty.
This program was derived by reverse-engineering Sun's own implementation, using only the public API that is available in the 1.4.1 JDK. Hence nothing in this program is, or is derived from, anything copyrighted by Sun Microsystems. While the "Binary Evaluation License Agreement" that the JDK is licensed under contains blanket statements that forbid reverse-engineering (among other things), it is my position that US copyright law does not and cannot forbid reverse-engineering of software to produce a compatible implementation. There are, in fact, numerous clauses in copyright law that specifically allow reverse-engineering, and therefore I believe it is outside of Sun's power to enforce restrictions on reverse-engineering of their software, and it is irresponsible for them to claim they can. */
기사에서 언급된 추가 정보:
* JKS는 Java 9에서 기본 유형으로 대체될 예정입니다 http://openjdk.java.net/jeps/229
* https://gist.github.com/zach-klippenstein/4631307
* http://www.openwall.com/lists/john-users/2015/06/07/3
* https://github.com/bes/KeystoreBrute
* https://github.com/jeffers102/KeystoreCracker
* https://github.com/volure/keystoreBrute
* https://gist.github.com/robinp/2143870
* https://www.darknet.org.uk/2015/06/patator-multi-threaded-service-url-brute-forcing-tool/
* https://github.com/rsertelon/android-keystore-recovery
* https://github.com/MaxCamillo/android-keystore-password-recover
* https://cryptosense.com/mighty-aphrodite-dark-secrets-of-the-java-keystore/
* https://hashcat.net/events/p12/js-sha1exp_169.pdf
* https://github.com/hashcat/hashcat
이 연구를 다양한 방식으로 지원해 준 atom, vollkorn, cem, doegox, corkami, xonox, rexploit에게 이웃 같은 인사를 전합니다!