0x4d31/fattFATT /fingerprintAllTheThings - un script basado en pyshark para extraer metadatos de red y huellas digitales de archivos pcap y tráfico de red en vivo
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¡Huella digital de todo!
Próximamente se agregará más información sobre los métodos de fingerprinting, casos de uso de ejemplo y resultados de investigación. ¡Manténganse atentos!
Un script para extraer metadatos de red y huellas digitales como JA3 y HASSH de archivos de captura de paquetes (pcap) o tráfico de red en vivo. El caso de uso principal es para monitorear honeypots, pero también puedes usarlo para otros casos, como el análisis forense de red. fatt funciona en Linux, macOS y Windows.
Ten en cuenta que fatt usa pyshark (un wrapper de Python para tshark) y por lo tanto el rendimiento no es excelente. Pero eso no es un gran problema, ya que obviamente esta no es una herramienta que uses en producción. Puedes usar otras herramientas de análisis de red como Bro/Zeek, Suricata o Netcap para casos de uso más serios. Joy es otra gran herramienta que puedes usar para capturar y analizar datos de flujo de red.
Además, estoy trabajando en una versión de fatt basada en Go que es más rápida, y puedes usar sus librerías en tus herramientas basadas en gopacket, como packetbeat. Lancé la versión inicial de su biblioteca gQUIC (QUICk).
Primero necesitas instalar tshark. Asegúrate de tener la versión v2.9.0 o posterior. Tshark/Wireshak renombró 'ssl' a 'tls' a partir de la versión v2.9.0, y fatt está escrito basado en la nueva versión de tshark.
Si tienes una versión antigua de tshark (< v2.9.0), puedes usar el script fatt de la rama "old-tshark".
cd fatt/
pip3 install pipenv
pipenv install
O simplemente instala pyshark si no quieres usar un entorno virtual:
pip3 install pyshark==0.4.2.2
Para activar el entorno virtual, ejecuta pipenv shell:
$ pipenv shell
Launching subshell in virtual environment…
bash-3.2$ . /Users/adel/.local/share/virtualenvs/fatt-ucJHMzzt/bin/activate
(fatt-ucJHMzzt) bash-3.2$ python3 fatt.py -h
Alternativamente, ejecuta el comando dentro del entorno virtual con pipenv run:
$ pipenv run python3 fatt.py -h
Salida:
usage: fatt.py [-h] [-r READ_FILE] [-d READ_DIRECTORY] [-i INTERFACE]
[-fp [{tls,ssh,rdp,http,gquic} [{tls,ssh,rdp,http,gquic} ...]]]
[-da DECODE_AS] [-f BPF_FILTER] [-j] [-o OUTPUT_FILE]
[-w WRITE_PCAP] [-p]
A python script for extracting network fingerprints
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-r READ_FILE, --read_file READ_FILE
pcap file to process
-d READ_DIRECTORY, --read_directory READ_DIRECTORY
directory of pcap files to process
-i INTERFACE, --interface INTERFACE
listen on interface
-fp [{tls,ssh,rdp,http,gquic} [{tls,ssh,rdp,http,gquic} ...]], --fingerprint [{tls,ssh,rdp,http,gquic} [{tls,ssh,rdp,http,gquic} ...]]
protocols to fingerprint. Default: all
-da DECODE_AS, --decode_as DECODE_AS
a dictionary of {decode_criterion_string:
decode_as_protocol} that is used to tell tshark to
decode protocols in situations it wouldn't usually.
-f BPF_FILTER, --bpf_filter BPF_FILTER
BPF capture filter to use (for live capture only).'
-j, --json_logging log the output in json format
-o OUTPUT_FILE, --output_file OUTPUT_FILE
specify the output log file. Default: fatt.log
-w WRITE_PCAP, --write_pcap WRITE_PCAP
save the live captured packets to this file
-p, --print_output print the output
$ python3 fatt.py -i en0 --print_output --json_logging
192.168.1.10:59565 -> 192.168.1.3:80 [HTTP] hash=598c34a2838e82f9ec3175305f233b89 userAgent="Spotify/109600181 OSX/0 (MacBookPro14,3)"
192.168.1.10:59566 -> 13.237.44.5:22 [SSH] hassh=ec7378c1a92f5a8dde7e8b7a1ddf33d1 client=SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.9
13.237.44.5:22 -> 192.168.1.10:59566 [SSH] hasshS=3f0099d323fed5119bbfcca064478207 server=SSH-2.0-babeld-80573d3e
192.168.1.10:59584 -> 93.184.216.34:443 [TLS] ja3=e6573e91e6eb777c0933c5b8f97f10cd serverName=example.com
93.184.216.34:443 -> 192.168.1.10:59584 [TLS] ja3s=ae53107a2e47ea20c72ac44821a728bf
192.168.1.10:59588 -> 192.168.1.3:80 [HTTP] hash=598c34a2838e82f9ec3175305f233b89 userAgent="Spotify/109600181 OSX/0 (MacBookPro14,3)"
192.168.1.10:59601 -> 216.58.196.142:80 [HTTP] hash=d6662c018cd4169689ddf7c6c0f8ca1b userAgent="curl/7.54.0"
216.58.196.142:80 -> 192.168.1.10:59601 [HTTP] hash=c5241aca9a7c86f06f476592f5dda9a1 server=gws
192.168.1.10:54387 -> 216.58.203.99:443 [QUIC] UAID="Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5" SNI=clientservices.googleapis.com AEAD=AESG KEXS=C255
Salida JSON:
$ cat fatt.log
{"timestamp": "2019-05-28T03:41:25.415086", "sourceIp": "192.168.1.10", "destinationIp": "192.168.1.3", "sourcePort": "59565", "destinationPort": "80", "protocol": "http", "http": {"requestURI": "/DIAL/apps/com.spotify.Spotify.TVv2", "requestFullURI": "http://192.168.1.3/DIAL/apps/com.spotify.Spotify.TVv2", "requestVersion": "HTTP/1.1", "requestMethod": "GET", "userAgent": "Spotify/109600181 OSX/0 (MacBookPro14,3)", "clientHeaderOrder": "connection,accept_encoding,host,user_agent", "clientHeaderHash": "598c34a2838e82f9ec3175305f233b89"}}
{"timestamp": "2019-05-28T03:41:26.099574", "sourceIp": "13.237.44.5", "destinationIp": "192.168.1.10", "sourcePort": "22", "destinationPort": "59566", "protocol": "ssh", "ssh": {"server": "SSH-2.0-babeld-80573d3e", "hasshServer": "3f0099d323fed5119bbfcca064478207", "hasshServerAlgorithms": "curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256;[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],aes256-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes128-ctr,aes256-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes128-cbc;[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1;none,zlib,[email protected]", "hasshVersion": "1.0", "skex": "curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256", "seastc": "[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],aes256-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes128-ctr,aes256-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes128-cbc", "smastc": "[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1", "scastc": "none,zlib,[email protected]", "slcts": "[Empty]", "slstc": "[Empty]", "seacts": "[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],aes256-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes128-ctr,aes256-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes128-cbc", "smacts": "[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1", "scacts": "none,zlib,[email protected]", "sshka": "ssh-dss,rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa"}}
{"timestamp": "2019-05-28T03:41:26.106737", "sourceIp": "192.168.1.10", "destinationIp": "13.237.44.5", "sourcePort": "59566", "destinationPort": "22", "protocol": "ssh", "ssh": {"client": "SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.9", "hassh": "ec7378c1a92f5a8dde7e8b7a1ddf33d1", "hasshAlgorithms": "curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,ext-info-c;[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected];[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1;none,[email protected],zlib", "hasshVersion": "1.0", "ckex": "curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,ext-info-c", "ceacts": "[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]", "cmacts": "[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1", "ccacts": "none,[email protected],zlib", "clcts": "[Empty]", "clstc": "[Empty]", "ceastc": "[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]", "cmastc": "[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1", "ccastc": "none,[email protected],zlib", "cshka": "[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa,[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-ed25519"}}
{"timestamp": "2019-05-28T03:41:36.762811", "sourceIp": "192.168.1.10", "destinationIp": "93.184.216.34", "sourcePort": "59584", "destinationPort": "443", "protocol": "tls", "tls": {"serverName": "example.com", "ja3": "e6573e91e6eb777c0933c5b8f97f10cd", "ja3Algorithms": "771,49200-49196-49192-49188-49172-49162-159-107-57-52393-52392-52394-65413-196-136-129-157-61-53-192-132-49199-49195-49191-49187-49171-49161-158-103-51-190-69-156-60-47-186-65-49170-49160-22-10-255,0-11-10-13-16,29-23-24,0", "ja3Version": "771", "ja3Ciphers": "49200-49196-49192-49188-49172-49162-159-107-57-52393-52392-52394-65413-196-136-129-157-61-53-192-132-49199-49195-49191-49187-49171-49161-158-103-51-190-69-156-60-47-186-65-49170-49160-22-10-255", "ja3Extensions": "0-11-10-13-16", "ja3Ec": "29-23-24", "ja3EcFmt": "0"}}
{"timestamp": "2019-05-28T03:41:36.920935", "sourceIp": "93.184.216.34", "destinationIp": "192.168.1.10", "sourcePort": "443", "destinationPort": "59584", "protocol": "tls", "tls": {"ja3s": "ae53107a2e47ea20c72ac44821a728bf", "ja3sAlgorithms": "771,49199,65281-0-11-16", "ja3sVersion": "771", "ja3sCiphers": "49199", "ja3sExtensions": "65281-0-11-16"}}
{"timestamp": "2019-05-28T03:41:37.487609", "sourceIp": "192.168.1.10", "destinationIp": "192.168.1.3", "sourcePort": "59588", "destinationPort": "80", "protocol": "http", "http": {"requestURI": "/DIAL/apps/com.spotify.Spotify.TVv2", "requestFullURI": "http://192.168.1.3/DIAL/apps/com.spotify.Spotify.TVv2", "requestVersion": "HTTP/1.1", "requestMethod": "GET", "userAgent": "Spotify/109600181 OSX/0 (MacBookPro14,3)", "clientHeaderOrder": "connection,accept_encoding,host,user_agent", "clientHeaderHash": "598c34a2838e82f9ec3175305f233b89"}}
{"timestamp": "2019-05-28T03:41:48.700730", "sourceIp": "192.168.1.10", "destinationIp": "216.58.196.142", "sourcePort": "59601", "destinationPort": "80", "protocol": "http", "http": {"requestURI": "/", "requestFullURI": "http://google.com/", "requestVersion": "HTTP/1.1", "requestMethod": "GET", "userAgent": "curl/7.54.0", "clientHeaderOrder": "host,user_agent,accept", "clientHeaderHash": "d6662c018cd4169689ddf7c6c0f8ca1b"}}
{"timestamp": "2019-05-28T03:41:48.805393", "sourceIp": "216.58.196.142", "destinationIp": "192.168.1.10", "sourcePort": "80", "destinationPort": "59601", "protocol": "http", "http": {"server": "gws", "serverHeaderOrder": "location,content_type,date,cache_control,server,content_length", "serverHeaderHash": "c5241aca9a7c86f06f476592f5dda9a1"}}
{"timestamp": "2019-05-28T03:41:58.038530", "sourceIp": "192.168.1.10", "destinationIp": "216.58.203.99", "sourcePort": "54387", "destinationPort": "443", "protocol": "gquic", "gquic": {"tagNumber": "25", "sni": "clientservices.googleapis.com", "uaid": "Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Intel Mac OS X 10_14_5", "ver": "Q043", "aead": "AESG", "smhl": "1", "mids": "100", "kexs": "C255", "xlct": "cd9baccc808a6d3b", "copt": "NSTP", "ccrt": "cd9baccc808a6d3b67f8adc58015e3ff", "stk": "d6a64aeb563a19fe091bc34e8c038b0a3a884c5db7caae071180c5b739bca3dd7c42e861386718982fbe6db9d1cb136f799e8d10fd5a", "pdmd": "X509", "ccs": "01e8816092921ae8", "scid": "376976b980c73b669fea57104fb725c6"}}
Echemos un vistazo al tráfico capturado del escáner auxiliar de Metasploit para la reciente vulnerabilidad RDP CVE-2019-0708 (BlueKeep).
$ python3 fatt.py -r RDP/cve-2019-0708_metasploit_aux.pcap -p -j; cat fatt.log | python -m json.tool
192.168.1.10:39079 -> 192.168.1.20:3389 [RDP] rdfp=3ba3d115055e593e3550575a36e68153 cookie="mstshash=user0" req_protocols=0x00000000
{
"destinationIp": "192.168.1.20",
"destinationPort": "3389",
"protocol": "rdp",
"rdp": {
"channelDefArray": {
"0": {
"name": "cliprdr",
"options": "c0a00000"
},
"1": {
"name": "MS_T120",
"options": "80800000"
},
"2": {
"name": "rdpsnd",
"options": "c0000000"
},
"3": {
"name": "snddbg",
"options": "c0000000"
},
"4": {
"name": "rdpdr",
"options": "80800000"
}
},
"clientBuild": "2600",
"clientDigProductId": "00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
"clientName": "x1810",
"clientProductId": "1",
"clusterFlags": "09000000",
"colorDepth": "0x0000ca01",
"connectionType": "0",
"cookie": "mstshash=user0",
"desktopHeight": "600",
"desktopWidth": "800",
"earlyCapabilityFlags": "1",
"encryptionMethods": "03000000",
"extEncMethods": "00000000",
"highColorDepth": "0x00000018",
"keyboardFuncKey": "12",
"keyboardLayout": "1033",
"keyboardSubtype": "0",
"keyboardType": "4",
"pad1Octet": "00",
"postbeta2ColorDepth": "0x0000ca01",
"rdfp": "3ba3d115055e593e3550575a36e68153",
"rdfpAlgorithms": "4,8,09000000,03000000,00000000,cliprdr:c0a00000-MS_T120:80800000-rdpsnd:c0000000-snddbg:c0000000-rdpdr:80800000",
"rdfpVersion": "0.3",
"requestedProtocols": "0x00000000",
"sasSequence": "43523",
"serialNumber": "0",
"supportedColorDepths": "0x00000007",
"verMajor": "4",
"verMinor": "8"
},
"sourceIp": "192.168.1.10",
"sourcePort": "39079",
"timestamp": "2019-05-23T03:51:25.438445"
}
Probemos con otro PoC de CVE-2019-0708:
$ python3 fatt.py -r RDP/cve-2019-0708_poc.pcap -p -j; cat fatt.log | python -m json.tool
192.168.1.10:54303 -> 192.168.1.20:3389 [RDP] req_protocols=0x00000001
{
"destinationIp": "192.168.1.20",
"destinationPort": "3389",
"protocol": "rdp",
"rdp": {
"requestedProtocols": "0x00000001"
},
"sourceIp": "192.168.1.10",
"sourcePort": "54303",
"timestamp": "2019-05-23T18:41:42.572758"
}
En esta ocasión no vemos el mensaje RDP ClientInfo porque el PoC usa TLS (no el protocolo de seguridad RDP estándar). Así que solo podemos ver los mensajes Negotiation Request, pero si decodificas el paquete como TLS, puedes ver el clientHello TLS y la huella digital JA3. Así es como puedes decodificar un puerto específico como otro protocolo:
$ python3 fatt.py -r RDP//cve-2019-0708_poc.pcap -p -j --decode_as '{"tcp.port==3389": "tls"}'
192.168.1.10:50026 -> 192.168.1.20:3389 [TLS] ja3=67e3d18fd9dddbbc8eca65f7dedac674 serverName=192.168.1.20
192.168.1.20:3389 -> 192.168.1.10:50026 [TLS] ja3s=649d6810e8392f63dc311eecb6b7098b
$ cat fatt.log
{"timestamp": "2019-05-23T17:21:56.056200", "sourceIp": "192.168.1.10", "destinationIp": "192.168.1.20", "sourcePort": "50026", "destinationPort": "3389", "protocol": "tls", "tls": {"serverName": "192.168.1.20", "ja3": "67e3d18fd9dddbbc8eca65f7dedac674", "ja3Algorithms": "771,49196-49195-49200-49199-159-158-49188-49187-49192-49191-49162-49161-49172-49171-57-51-157-156-61-60-53-47-10-106-64-56-50-19-5-4,0-5-10-11-13-35-23-65281,29-23-24,0", "ja3Version": "771", "ja3Ciphers": "49196-49195-49200-49199-159-158-49188-49187-49192-49191-49162-49161-49172-49171-57-51-157-156-61-60-53-47-10-106-64-56-50-19-5-4", "ja3Extensions": "0-5-10-11-13-35-23-65281", "ja3Ec": "29-23-24", "ja3EcFmt": "0"}}
{"timestamp": "2019-05-23T17:21:56.059333", "sourceIp": "192.168.1.20", "destinationIp": "192.168.1.10", "sourcePort": "3389", "destinationPort": "50026", "protocol": "tls", "tls": {"ja3s": "649d6810e8392f63dc311eecb6b7098b", "ja3sAlgorithms": "771,49192,23-65281", "ja3sVersion": "771", "ja3sCiphers": "49192", "ja3sExtensions": "23-65281"}}