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GitHubvictorique-123/cve-2023-38829-netis-wf2409e_report

CVE-2023-38829-NETIS-WF2409E_Report

对NETIS WF2409E路由器进行的一次完整硬件安全分析研究。通过对设备进行拆解分析、调试接口识别、固件提取等工作,记录了硬件分析的全过程、漏洞细节以及相应的安全建议,希望能帮助提高物联网设备的安全性。

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2161 year agoNot yet reviewed

Netis WF2409E Device Report

1. Device Overview

1.1 Main Specifications Table

CategoryParameterDescription
Device InformationModelNetis WF2409E
Type300Mbps Wireless N Router
Power SupplyDC 9V/500mA
Hardware VersionV1.8
PCB VersionPB-7189-M02G-20
Production Date2015-03-23
Country of OriginChina
Network IdentifiersSerial Number2409EEU5B102714 V1.8
MAC AddressW8D398DFB68
Default SSIDnetis_BDFB68
Default Passwordpassword
Management Addresshttp://netis.cc
Hardware InterfacesWAN Port1 (blue RJ45)
LAN Ports4 (black RJ45, LAN1-4)
Antennas3 external antennas
Power ConnectorDC input (PWR)
Function ButtonsDefaultReset to factory settings
WPSProtected WiFi setup

1.2 Functionality Check Table

Checked ParameterStatusNote
Power LEDWorkingSteady on when powered
Network LEDsWorkingBlink when connected
WAN Port StatusWorkingNormal network connection
LAN Port StatusWorkingAll 4 ports operational
WiFi FunctionWorkingAntennas intact, signal normal
WPS FunctionWorkingButton responds
Reset FunctionWorkingDefault button works

1.3 Main System Components

NoChip ModelManufacturerMain FunctionTechnical SpecificationsNotes
1EM63A165TS-6GEtronTechSystem Memory- Capacity 32 Mbit
- Frequency 166 MHz
- Architecture SDRAM
- Package TSOP-II
- Used for temporary data storage
- Supports main processor computations
2FR9886 61504UnknownPower Management- Package SOIC-8
- Integrated circuit
- DC-DC
- Responsible for voltage regulation
- Provides stable system power
3RTL8196ERealtek/RMCMain Processor- Architecture MIPS
- SoC design
- Made in Taiwan
- System's central processor
- Handles main computations and management
- Integrated network processing
4MX25L3206EMacronixFlash Memory- Capacity 32Mb (4MB)
- Interface SPI
- Package SOIC
- Stores system firmware
- Retains configuration data
5RTL8192ERRealtek/RMCWireless Connectivity- WiFi controller
- Package QFN
- Processes wireless signals
- Supports WiFi functions

2. Pin Research

2.1 Connecting to the Device via Serial Port

3. Boot Log, Bootloader and OS Commands

3.1 Boot Log Analysis

Processor Characteristics

ParameterSpecification
Processor ModelRealTek RTL8196E
Architecture16-bit
Clock Frequency380MHz
Compilation Date2014.09.29

Flash Memory Characteristics

ParameterValueHexadecimal Value
Chip ModelMX25L3205D-
Total Capacity4MB0x400000
Block Size64KB0x10000
Sector Size4KB0x1000
Page Size256B0x100

Bootloader Information

ParameterDescription
Bootloader TypeRealTek Proprietary Bootloader
Kernel Load Address0x80500000
Start Execution Address0x80003440
Signature Search Range0x10000-0x170000

Default Network Settings

ParameterValue
IP Address192.168.0.1
Subnet Mask255.255.255.0
MAC Address04:8d:38:bd:fb:69
Wireless Interfacewlan0 (including va0-va3, vxd)

System Software Information

ParameterValue
Device Modelnetis WF2419E_RU
Firmware VersionV2.5.40200
Firmware Date2016.09.02
BusyBox Versionv1.00-pre8 (2015.01.23)

Service Status

Service NameStatusNote
DHCP ServerRunningNormal
HTTP Server (Boa)RunningAbnormal reboots
IAPPRunningIEEE 802.11f
MiniIGDRunningv1.08.1
mini_upnpdErrorFile not found
telnetdErrorFile not found
ota_init.shErrorFile not found

It is important to note that this device likely does not use U-Boot. Key indicators:

  1. The log starts directly with RealTek boot information: ---RealTek(RTL8196E)at 2014.09.29-19:16+0800 v1.0 [16bit](https://github.com/victorique-123/cve-2023-38829-netis-wf2409e_report/blob/master/380MHz)
  2. No typical U-Boot boot indicators:
  • No U-Boot version information
  • No U-Boot environment variable initialization information
  • No U-Boot command prompt
  1. RTL8196E is a budget router chip from RealTek; many devices based on it use RealTek's proprietary bootloader instead of U-Boot.
  2. Given the small Flash memory capacity (4MB), using a lightweight bootloader is more logical. In fact, no way to enter U-Boot was found.
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