awesome-privacy

A curated list of privacy-respecting apps, software, and providers

🌐 awesome-privacy.xyz

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Intro

Large data-hungry corporations dominate the digital world but with little, or no respect for your privacy. Migrating to open-source applications with a strong emphasis on privacy and security will help stop corporations, governments, and hackers from logging, storing or selling your personal data.

[!CAUTION] Remember that no software is perfect, and it is important to follow good security practices

📋 Contents

• Essentials
  • Password Managers (7)
  • 2-Factor Authentication (11)
  • File Encryption (3)
  • Browsers (5)
  • Search Engines (6)
• Communication
  • Encrypted Messaging (4)
  • P2P Messaging (4)
  • Encrypted Email (4)
  • Email Clients (6)
  • Mail Forwarding (4)
  • Email Security Tools (3)
  • VOIP Clients (2)
  • Virtual Phone Numbers (8)
  • Team Collaboration (6)
• Security Tools
  • Browser Extensions (20)
  • Mobile Apps (22)
  • Online Tools (17)
• Networking
  • Virtual Private Networks (7)
  • Self-Hosted Network Security (8)
  • Anonymity Networks (3)
  • Proxies (2)
  • DNS Providers (3)
  • DNS Clients (5)
  • Firewalls (14)
  • Ad Blockers (7)
  • Host Block Lists (5)
  • Router Firmware (2)
  • Network Analysis (3)
  • Intrusion Detection (5)
  • Cloud Hosting (4)
  • Domain Registrars (2)
  • DNS Hosting (1)
  • Mail Servers (3)
• Productivity
  • Digital Notes (8)
  • Calendar (3)
  • Scheduling (2)
  • Task Management (2)
  • Backup and Sync (4)
  • Cloud Productivity Suites (5)
  • Encrypted Cloud Storage (6)
  • Secret Sharing (3)
  • File Drop (2)
  • Browser Sync (4)
  • Habit Trackers (1)
  • Secure Conference Calls (2)
  • Maps & Navigation (1)
  • Accessibility (1)
• Utilities
  • Virtual Machines (3)
  • PGP Managers (8)
  • Metadata Removal (3)
  • Data Erasers (8)
• Operating Systems
  • Mobile Operating Systems (3)
  • Desktop Operating Systems (5)
  • Linux Defenses (6)
  • Windows Defences (16)
  • Mac OS Defences (2)
  • Anti-Malware (2)
• Development
  • Code Hosting (5)
  • IDEs (1)
  • Terminal Emulators (1)
  • Developer Tools (3)
• Smart Home & IoT
  • Smart Home (1)
  • Security Cameras (1)
• Finance
  • Cryptocurrencies (2)
  • Crypto Wallets (7)
  • Crypto Exchanges (2)
  • Virtual Credit Cards (2)
  • Other Payment Methods (3)
  • Secure Budgeting (7)
• Social
  • Social Networks (4)
  • Video Platforms (2)
  • Blogging Platforms (6)
  • News Readers (1)
  • Proxy Sites (4)
• Media
  • Gaming (1)
  • Video Players (1)
  • Photo Management (2)
  • Podcast Players (1)
  • Torrent Downloaders (1)
  • File Converters (2)
• Creativity
  • Image Editors (8)
  • Video Editors (7)
  • Audio Editors & Recorders (1)
  • Casting & Streaming (1)
  • Screenshot Tools (1)
  • 3D Graphics (2)
  • Animation (1)

Essentials

Password Managers

• Bitwarden - Fully-featured, open source password manager with cloud-sync. Bitwarden is easy-to-use with a clean UI and client apps for desktop, web and mobile. See also Vaultwarden, a self-hosted, Rust implementa…
• KeePass - Hardened, secure and offline password manager. Does not have cloud-sync baked in, deemed to be gold standard for secure password managers. KeePass clients: Strongbox (Mac & iOS), KeePassDX (Android),…
• LessPass - LessPass is a little different, since it generates your passwords using a hash of the website name, your username and a single main-passphrase that you reuse. It omits the need for you to ever need to…
• ProtonPass - From the creators of ProtonMail, ProtonPass is a new addition to their suite of services. They have a full collection of user-friendly native mobile and desktop apps. ProtonPass is one of the few "tru

✳️ Notable Mentions

• Password Safe - An offline, open source password manager designed by Bruce Schneier, with native applications for Windows, Linux, MacOS, Android and iOS, and support for YubiKey. The UI is a little dated, and there is no official browser extension, making is slightly less convenient to use compared with other options
• PassBolt - A good option for teams. It is free, open source, self-hosted, extensible and OpenPGP based. It is specifically good for development and DevOps usage, with integrations for the terminal, browser and chat, and can be easily extended for custom usage, and deployed quickly with Docker
• 1Password - (proprietary) A fully-featured cross-platform password manager with sync. Free for self-hosted data (or $3/ month hosted). Be aware that 1Password is not fully open source, but they do regularly publish results of their independent security audits, and they have a solid reputation for transparently disclosing and fixing vulnerabilities

ℹ️ Further Info

Other Open Source PM: Buttercup, Clipperz, Pass, Padloc, TeamPass, PSONO, UPM, Gorilla, Seahorse (for GNOME), GNOME Keyring, KDE Wallet Manager.

If you are using a deprecated PM, you should migrate to something actively maintained. This includes: Firefox Lockwise, Encryptr, Mitro, Rattic, JPasswords, Passopolis, KYPS, Factotum.

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2-Factor Authentication

• 2FAS - Free, secure and open source authenticator app for both iOS and Android. Supports creating encrypted backups and syncing between devices without the need for an account.
• Aegis - Free, secure and open source authenticator app for Android. Has a backup/ restore feature and a customisable UI with dark mode
• Stratum - Free and open-source two factor authentication app for Android. It features encrypted backups, icons, categories and a high level of customisation. It also has a Wear OS companion app
• Tofu - An easy-to-use, open-source two-factor authentication app designed specifically for iOS
• Authenticator - Simple, native, open source 2-FA Client for iOS, which never connects to the internet - built by @mattrubin.me
• Authenticator GNOME - Rust-based OTP authenticator. Has native With GNOME Shell integration. Also available through flathub.

✳️ Notable Mentions

OTPClient (Linux), gauth (Self-Hosted, Web-based), Etopa (Android)
For KeePass users, TrayTop is a plugin for managing TOTP's - offline and compatible with Windows, Mac and Linux.

ℹ️ Further Info

Check which websites support multi-factor authentication: 2fa.directory

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File Encryption

• VeraCrypt - VeraCrypt is open source cross-platform disk encryption software. You can use it to either encrypt a specific file or directory, or an entire disk or partition. VeraCrypt is incredibly feature-rich, w…
• Cryptomator - Open source client-side encryption for cloud files - Cryptomator is geared towards using alongside cloud-backup solutions, and hence preserves individual file structure, so that they can be uploaded.…
• age - age is a simple, modern and secure CLI file encryption tool and Go library. It features small explicit keys, no config options, and UNIX-style composability

⚠️ Word of Warning

Where possible, choose a cross-platform and well established encryption method, so that you are never faced with not being able to access your files using your current system.
Although well-established encryption methods are usually very secure, if the password is not strong, then an adversary may be able to gain access to your files, with a powerful enough GPU. If your system is compromised, then the password may also be able to be skimmed with a keylogger or other similar malware, so take care to follow good basic security practices

✳️ Notable Mentions

• AES Crypt - A light-weight and easy file encryption utility. It includes applications for Windows, Mac OS, BSD and Linux, all of which can be interacted with either through the GUI, CLI or programatically though an API (available for Java, C, C# and Python). Although it is well established, with an overall positive reputation, there have been some security issues raised recently.
• CryptSetup - is a convenient layer for use on top of dm-crypt. EncFS is a cross-platform file-based encryption module, for use within user local directories. geli is a disk encryption subsystem included with FreeBSD.
• BitLocker - is popular among Microsoft Windows and enterprise users, and provides fast, efficient and (if correctly configured) reasonably secure full drive encryption. However it is not open source, has poor compatibility with other operating systems, and has some very dodgy defaults, which could lead to your system being compromised. Similarly, Apple's FileVault on MacOS is easy and secure, but again, the source code is proprietary.
• DiskCryptor - Windows-only, open source, file and volume encryption solution, that makes a good alternative to BitLocker.

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Browsers

• LibreWolf - An independent fork of Firefox hardened for privacy by default. No telemetry, uBlock Origin bundled, anti-fingerprinting, strict settings
• Brave Browser - Chromium-based browser with strong built-in ad, tracker and fingerprint blocking, and timely Chromium security updates. Note that Brave does bundle potentially unwanted features, like crypto, rewards…
• Firefox - The main independent browser, on Mozilla's own Gecko engine rather than Chromium. Reliable, long-standing, with frequent security updates, broad extension support and strong customization. However tel…
• Tor Browser - Tor provides an extra layer of anonymity, by encrypting each of your requests, then routing it through several nodes, making it near-impossible for you to be tracked by your ISP. While excellent for a…
• Mullvad Browser - A Firefox-based browser maintained in collaboration between the Tor Project and Mullvad. With strong anti-fingerprinting (so users look alike), no telemetry and uBlock Origin bundled

⚠️ Word of Warning

New vulnerabilities are being discovered and patched all the time - use a browser that is being actively maintained, in order to receive these security-critical updates.
Even privacy-respecting browsers, often do not have the best privacy options enabled by default. After installing, check the privacy & security settings, and update the configuration to something that you are comfortable with. 12Bytes maintains a comprehensive guide on Firefox Configuration for Privacy and Performance

✳️ Notable Mentions

• Cromite - Chromium fork and successor of Bromite. Adds built-in ad and tracker blocking, removes Google service calls, and disables several fingerprinting vectors. Note that patches often lag several weeks behind upstream> - WaterFox - Firefox fork with telemetry, studies and data collection removed. The legacy Classic line retains support for XUL/NPAPI extensions; the current Quantum-based release does not.> - PaleMoon - Independent Firefox-derived browser using its own Goanna engine. Disables telemetry and retains support for legacy XUL extensions. Lagging support for modern web-platform features (e.g. CSP) has led to incidents of Cloudflare blocking the browser.> - Iridium - Chromium fork with telemetry, background pings and most Google service integrations stripped out or made opt-in.> - SeaMonkey - All-in-one internet suite (browser, mail, IRC, HTML editor) derived from the Mozilla Application Suite. Receives security fixes but lags upstream Firefox on features.> - Ungoogled-Chromium - Chromium with all Google web service integrations, binary blobs and background calls removed. Tries to retain the default Chromium experience as closely as possible. No built-in auto-updates; relies on third-party rebuilds for security patches.> - Basilisk Browser - Firefox/UXP-based fork originally created by Moonchild Productions and independently maintained since 2022. Retains NPAPI plugin and XUL extension support dropped by mainline Firefox.> - IceCat - GNU's fully-free Firefox fork. Removes proprietary components such as DRM and EME, and bundles LibreJS to block non-free JavaScript. Tracks Firefox ESR, but release cadence lags upstream and can delay security fixes.

ℹ️ Further Info

12Bytes maintains a list of privacy & security extensions.

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Search Engines

• DuckDuckGo - DuckDuckGo is a user-friendly and fast secure search engine. While it doesn't use trackers or cookies, there are search-related ads. It's also highly customisable, with theming, languages, bangs and p…
• Qwant - French service that aggregates Bings results, with its own results. Qwant doesn't plant any cookies, nor have any trackers or third-party advertising. It returns non-biased search results, with no pro…
• Startpage - Dutch search engine that searches on Google and shows the results (slightly rearranged). It has several configurations that improve privacy during use (it is not open source)
• Brave Search - Brave Search is a privacy-focused search engine that does not track users or their searches, does not use secret algorithms or user profiling, and is based on its own search index.
• Mojeek - British search engine providing independent and unbiased search results using its own crawler. Has a zero tracking policy (it is not open source)
• - Uruky is an ad-free, private search engine focused on personalization. It uses, among other providers, Mojeek and Marginalia. It is EU-based and does not keep or track any personal data (it is not 100

✳️ Notable Mentions

• MetaGear
• YaCy
• Searx - Self-hostable search engines that use the results of multiple other engines (such as Google and Bing) at the same time. They're open source and self-hostable, although using a public instance has the benefit of not singling out your queries to the engines used. A fork of the original Searx.

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Communication

Encrypted Messaging

• Signal - Probably one of the most popular, secure private messaging apps that combines strong encryption (see Signal Protocol) with a simple UI and plenty of features. It's widely used across the world, and ea…
• SimpleX - Simplex is gaining popularity as a secure and private messaging app renowned for its robust encryption protocol without user IDs or phone numbers and this improves your privacy. Simplex offers instant…
• XMPP - XMPP, also known as Jabber, is an open standard for decentralized messaging that has been widely used for decades. It has actually been the basis upon which WhatsApp, Facebook's Chat and Google's Talk…
• Matrix - Matrix is a decentralized open network for secure communications, with E2E encryption with Olm and Megolm. Along with the Element client, it supports VOIP + video calling and IM + group chats. Note th…

⚠️ Word of Warning

Many messaging apps claim to be secure, but if they are not open source, then this cannot be verified - and they should not be trusted. This applies to Telegram, Threema, Cypher, Wickr, Silent Phone and Viber, to name a few - these apps should not be used to communicate any sensitive data. Wire has also been removed, due to a recent acquisition

✳️ Notable Mentions

• Chat Secure
• KeyBase - Allows encrypted real-time chat, group chats, and public and private file sharing. It also has some nice features around cryptographically proving social identities, and makes PGP signing, encrypting and decrypting messages easy. However, since it was acquired by Zoom in 2020, it has no longer been receiving regular updates.
• OpenPGP - can be used over existing chat networks (such as email or message boards). It provides cryptographic privacy and authentication, PGP is used to encrypt messages.
  Note/ Issues with PGP PGP is not easy to use for beginners, and could lead to human error/ mistakes being made, which would be overall much worse than if an alternate, simpler system was used. Do not use 32-bit key IDs - they are too short to be secure. There have also been vulnerabilities found in the OpenPGP and S/MIME, defined in EFAIL, so although it still considered secure for general purpose use, for general chat, it may be better to use an encrypted messaging or email app instead.

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P2P Messaging

With Peer-to-Peer networks, there are no central server, so there is nothing that can be raided, shut-down or forced to turn over data. There are P2P networks available that are open source, E2E encrypted, routed through Tor services, totally anonymous and operate without the collection of metadata.

• Briar - Tor-based Android app for P2P encrypted messaging and forums. Where content is stored securely on your device (not in the cloud). It also allows you to connect directly with nearby contacts, without i…
• Ricochet Refresh - Desktop instant messenger, that uses the Tor network to rendezvous with your contacts without revealing your identity, location/ IP or meta data. There are no servers to monitor, censor, or hack so Ri…
• Jami - P2P encrypted chat network with cross-platform GNU client apps. Jami supports audio and video calls, screen sharing, conference hosting and instant messaging.
• Tox & qTox client - Open source, encrypted, distributed chat network, with clients for desktop and mobile - see supported clients. Clearly documented code and multiple language bindings make it easy for developers to int…

✳️ Notable Mentions

• Cwtch
• BitMessage
• RetroShare

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Encrypted Email

Email is not secure - your messages can be easily intercepted and read. Corporations scan the content of your mail, to build up a profile of you, either to show you targeted ads or to sell onto third-parties. Through the Prism Program, the government also has full access to your emails (if not end-to-end encrypted) - this applies to Gmail, Outlook Mail, Yahoo Mail, GMX, ZoHo, iCloud, AOL and more.

For a more details comparison of email providers, see email-comparison.as93.net

• ProtonMail - An end-to-end encrypted anonymous email service. ProtonMail has a modern easy-to-use and customizable UI, as well as fast, secure native mobile apps. ProtonMail has all the features that you'd expect…
• Tuta - Free and open source email service based in Germany. It has a basic intuitive UI, secure native mobile apps and desktop email clients, anonymous signup, and an encrypted calendar. Tuta has a full-feat…
• Mailfence - Mailfence supports OpenPGP so that you can manually exchange encryption keys independently from the Mailfence servers, putting you in full control. Mailfence has a simple UI, similar to that of Outloo…
• MailBox.org - A Berlin-based, eco-friendly secure mail provider. There is no free plan, the standard service costs €12/year. You can use your own domain, with the option of a catch-all alias. They provide good acco…

⚠️ Word of Warning

• When using an end-to-end encryption technology like OpenPGP, some metadata in the email header will not be encrypted.
• OpenPGP also does not support Forward secrecy, which means if either your or the recipient's private key is ever stolen, all previous messages encrypted with it will be exposed. You should take great care to keep your private keys safe.

✳️ Notable Mentions

• HushMail
• Soverin
• StartMail
• Posteo
• Disroot

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Email Clients

Email clients are the programs used to interact with the mail server. For hosted email, then the web and mobile clients provided by your email service are usually adequate, and may be the most secure option. For self-hosted email, you will need to install and configure mail clients for web, desktop or mobile. A benefit of using an IMAP client, is that you will always have an offline backup of all email messages (which can then be encrypted and archived), and many applications let you aggregate multiple mailboxes for convenience. Desktop mail clients are not vulnerable to the common browser attacks, that their web app counterparts are.

• Mozilla Thunderbird - Free and open source email application developed and backed by Mozilla -it's secure, private easy and customizable. As of V 78.2.1 encryption is built in, and the TorBirdy extension routes all traffic…
• eM Client - Productivity-based email client, for Windows and MacOS. eM Client has a clean user interface, snappy performance and good compatibility. There is a paid version, with some handy features, including sn…
• SnappyMail - Simple, modern, fast web-based mail client. This is an IMAP-only fork of RainLoop that mitigates a severe RainLoop vulnerability and adds several new features.…
• RoundCube - Browser-based multilingual IMAP client with an application-like user interface. It provides full functionality you expect from an email client, including MIME support, address book, folder manipulatio…

⚠️ Word of Warning

One disadvantage of mail clients, is that many of them do not support 2FA, so it is important to keep your device secured and encrypted

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Mail Forwarding

Revealing your real email address online can put you at risk. Email aliasing allows messages to be sent to [anything]@my-domain.com and still land in your primary inbox. This protects your real email address from being revealed. Aliases are generated automatically, the first time they are used. This approach lets you identify which provider leaked your email address, and block an alias with 1-click.

• Addy - An open source anonymous email forwarding service, allowing you to create unlimited email aliases. Has a free plan.
• SimpleLogin - Fully open source (view on GitHub) alias service with many additional features. Can be self-hosted, or the managed version has a free plan, as well as hosted premium option ($2.99/ month) for using cu…
• Firefox Private Relay - Developed and managed by Mozilla, Relay is a Firefox addon, that lets you make an email alias with 1 click, and have all messages forwarded onto your personal email. Relay is totally free to use, and…
• Forward Email - Catch-all email forwarding service with unlimited aliases and custom domains, configured via DNS records. Self-hostable; the hosted version has a limited free plan, with paid plans (from $3/month) add…

✳️ Notable Mentions

Some full email providers include aliasing or catch-all addresses as a built-in (usually premium) feature. For example, Proton (catch-all, plus hide-my-email aliases via Proton Pass), StartMail, mailbox.org and Posteo all offer this.

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Email Security Tools

• Email Privacy Tester - Tests whether your mail client "reads" emails before you open them, and what analytics, read-receipts or other tracking data it leaks back to the sender. Developed by Mike Cardwell; use a spare addres…
• DKIM Verifier - Verifies DKIM signatures and shows the result in the e-mail header, in order to help spot spoofed emails (which do not come from the domain that they claim to).
• Paperweight - Paperweight scans your inbox to map your digital footprint, then helps you take back control and delete your data.

✳️ Notable Mentions

If you are using ProtonMail, then the ProtonMail Bridge enables you to sync & backup your emails to your own desktop mail client. It works well with Thunderbird, Microsoft Outlook and others

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VOIP Clients

• Mumble - Open source, low-latency, high quality voice chat software. You can host your own server, or use a hosted instance, there are client applications for Windows, MacOS and Linux as well as third-party ap…
• Linphone - Open source audio, video and IM groups with E2E encryption and built-in media server. SIP-based evolving to RCS. Native apps for Android, iOS, Windows, GNU/Linux and MacOS.…

✳️ Notable Mentions

• SpoofCard - Lets you make anonymous phone calls + voicemail, but not open source and limited information on security (avoid sending any secure info).
• MicroSip - An open source portable SIP softphone for Windows based on PJSIP stack

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Virtual Phone Numbers

• SMSPool - Don't feel comfortable giving out your phone number? Protect your online identity by using our one-time-use non-VoIP phone numbers. We support over 50+ countries and support over 300+ services.
• Silent.link - Anonymous eSIM for sending / receiving SMS, incoming calls and 4G / 5G internet + world-wide roaming. No data is required at sign-up. Affordable pricing, with payments and top-ups accepted in BTC. Req…
• Crypton.sh - Physical SIM card in the cloud, for sending + receiving SMS messages. Messages are encrypted using your chosen private key. Includes a web interface, as well as an API for interacting with it from any…
• Jmp.chat - Phone number for incoming + outgoing calls and messages, provided by Soprani. Works with Jabber, Matrix, Snikket, XMPP or any SIP client. Pricing starts at $4.99 / month. Only available in the US and…
• MoneroSMS - Anonymous SMS service able to activate accounts. Accessible over web, CLI, or email. Pricing starts at $3.60 / month. The service is in beta as of 2022.

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Team Collaboration

Now more than ever we are relying on software to help with team collaboration. Unfortunately many popular options, such as Slack, Microsoft Teams, Google for Work and Discord all come with some serious privacy implications.
Typical features of team collaboration software includes: instant messaging, closed and open group messaging, voice and video conference calling, file sharing/ file drop, and some level or scheduling functionality.

• Rocket.Chat - Easy-to-deploy, self-hosted team collaboration platform with stable, feature-rich cross-platform client apps. The UI is fast, good looking and intuitive, so very little technical experience is needed…
• RetroShare - Secure group communications, with the option to be used over Tor or I2P. Fast intuitive group and 1-to-1 chats with text and rich media using decentralized chat rooms, with a mail feature for deliveri…
• Element - Privacy-focused messenger using the Matrix protocol. The Element client allows for group chat rooms, media sharing voice and video group calls.
• Internet Relay Chat - An IRC-based solution is another option, being decentralized there is no point of failure, and it's easy to self-host. However it's important to keep security in mind while configuring your IRC instan…
• Mattermost - Mattermost has an open source edition, which can be self-hosted. It makes a good Slack alternative, with native desktop, mobile and web apps and a wide variety of integrations.

✳️ Notable Mentions

Some chat platforms allow for cross-platform group chats, voice and video conferencing, but without the additional collaboration features. For example, Tox, Ricochet, Mumble and Jami.
For Conferences, OSEM is an open source all-in-one conference management tool, providing Registration, Schedules, Live and Recorded Sessions, Paper Submissions, Marketing Pages and Administration.

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Security Tools

Browser Extensions

The following browser add-ons give you better control over what content is able to be loaded and executed while your browsing.
Before installing anything, you should read the Word of Warning section below.

• Privacy Badger - Blocks invisible trackers, in order to stop advertisers and other third-parties from secretly tracking where you go and what pages you look at. Less configurable but simpler than uBlock, and focuses o…
• uBlock Origin - Block ads, trackers and malware sites. Download: Chrome - Firefox…
• Firefox Multi-Account Containers - Firefox Multi-Account Containers lets you keep parts of your online life separated into color-coded tabs that preserve your privacy. Cookies are separated by container, allowing you to use the web wit…
• WebRTC-Leak-Prevent - Provides user control over WebRTC privacy settings in Chromium, in order to prevent WebRTC leaks. Download: Chrome. For Firefox users, you can do this through . Test for WebRTC leaks,

⚠️ Word of Warning

• Having many extensions installed raises entropy, causing your fingerprint to be more unique, hence making tracking easier.
• Much of the functionality of the above addons can be applied without installing anything, by configuring browser settings yourself. For Firefox this is done in the user.js
• Be careful when installing unfamiliar browser add-ons, since some can compromise your security and privacy. At the time of writing, the above list were all open source, verified and 'safe' extensions.
• In most situations, only a few of the above extensions will be needed in combination.
• See the arkenfox wiki for more information on the obsolescence and purposelessness of many popular extensions, and why you may only need a very limited set.

✳️ Notable Mentions

• Extension source viewer - A handy extension for viewing the source code of another browser extension, which is a useful tool for verifying the code does what it says

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Mobile Apps

• Orbot - System-wide Tor proxy, which encrypts your connection through multiple nodes. You can also use it alongside Tor Browser to access .onion sites.
• NetGuard - A firewall app for Android, which does not require root. NetGuard provides simple and advanced ways to block access to the internet, where applications and addresses can individually be allowed or den…
• Island - A sandbox environment, allowing you to clone selected apps and run them in an isolated box, preventing it from accessing your personal data, or device information.
• Insular - An actively-maintained fork of the Island project with additional enhancements
• Exodus - Shows which trackers, each of your installed apps is using, so that you can better understand how your data is being collected. Uses data from the Exodus database of scanned APKs.
• Bouncer - Gives you the ability to grant permissions temporarily, so that you could for example use the camera to take a profile picture, but when you close the given app, those permissions will be revoked.

⚠️ Word of Warning

Too many installed apps will increase your attack surface - only install applications that you need. Be sure to check the permissions, and what data an app has access to prior to installation. Only install from official sources.

✳️ Notable Mentions

For more open source security & privacy apps, check out these publishers: The Guardian Project (Play Store, F-Droid), The Tor Project (Play Store, F-Droid), Oasis Feng (Play Store), FairCode (Marcel Bokhorst) (Play Store, F-Droid), SECUSO Research Group (Play Store, F-Droid), and Fossify (Play Store, F-Droid) - all of which are trusted developers or organisations, who've done amazing work.

For offensive and defensive security, see The Kali Nethunter Catalogue of apps

For advanced users, the following tools can be used to closely monitor your devise and networks, in order to detect any unusual activity. [PortDroid] for network analysis, [Packet Capture] to monitor network traffic, [SysLog] for viewing system logs, [Dexplorer] to read .dex or .apk files for your installed apps, and [Check and Test] to check status and details of devices hardware.

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Online Tools

A selection of free online tools and utilities, to check, test and protect your security

• Have i been pwned - Checks if your credentials (Email address or Password) have been compromised in a data breach. See also Firefox Monitor.
• εxodus - Checks how many, and which trackers any Android app has. Useful to understand how data is being collected before you install a certain APK, it also shows which permissions the app asks for.
• Am I Unique? - Show how identifiable you are on the Internet by generating a fingerprint based on device information. This is how many websites track you (even without cookies enabled), so the aim is to not be uniqu…
• Panopticlick - Check if your browser safe against tracking. Analyzes how well your browser and add-ons protect you against online tracking techniques, and if your system is uniquely configured—and thus identifiable.
• Phish.ly - Analyzes emails, checking the URLs and creating a SHA256 and MD5 hash of attachments, with a link to VirusTotal. To use the service, just forward a potentially malicious or suspicious email to scan@ph…
• Browser Leak Test - Shows which of personal identity data is being leaked through your browser, so you can better protect yourself against fingerprinting.

⚠️ Word of Warning

Browsers are inherently insecure, be careful when uploading, or entering personal details.

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Networking

Virtual Private Networks

• Mullvad - Mullvad is one of the best for privacy, they have a totally anonymous sign up process, you don't need to provide any details at all, you can choose to pay anonymously too (with Monero, BTC or cash).
• Azire - Azire is a Swedish VPN provider, who owns their own hardware with physically removed storage and a no logging policy. Pricing starts at €3.25/mo, with crypto (including XMR) supported. Note that they'…
• IVPN - Independently Security Audited VPN with anonymous signup, no logs, no cloud or customer data stored, open-source apps and website. Strong ethics: no trackers, no false promises, no surveillance ads. A…
• ProtonVPN - From the creators of ProtonMail, ProtonVPN has a solid reputation. They have a full suite of user-friendly native mobile and desktop apps. ProtonVPN is one of the few "trustworthy" providers that also…
• OVPN - A court-proven VPN service with support for Wireguard and OpenVPN support, and optional ad-blocking. Running on dedicated hardware, with no hard drives.
• Party VPN - Crypto-native VPN with pay-as-you-go pricing. Accepts cryptocurrency only, including Monero. WireGuard and AmneziaWG protocols, no-logs policy, REST API for developers. No subscriptions or credit card

⚠️ Word of Warning

• A VPN does not make you anonymous - it merely changes your public IP address to that of your VPN provider, instead of your ISP. Your browsing session can still be linked back to your real identity either through your system details (such as user agent, screen resolution even typing patterns), cookies / session storage, or by the identifiable data that you enter. Read more about fingerprinting
• Logging - If you choose to use a VPN because you do not agree with your ISP logging your full browsing history, then it is important to keep in mind that your VPN provider can see (and mess with) all your traffic. Many VPNs claim not to keep logs, but you cannot be certain of this (VPN leaks). See this article for more
• IP Leaks - If configured incorrectly, your IP may be exposed through a DNS leak. This usually happens when your system is unknowingly accessing default DNS servers rather than the anonymous DNS servers assigned by an anonymity network or VPN. Read more: What is a DNS leak, DNS Leak Test, How to Fix a DNS Leak
• Stealth - It will be visible to your adversary that you are using a VPN (usually from the IP address), but other system and browser data, can still reveal information about you and your device (such as your local time-zone, indicating which region you are operating from)
• Many reviews are sponsored, and hence biased. Do your own research, or go with one of the above options
• Using Tor (or another Mix Network) may be a better option for anonimity

✳️ Notable Mentions

If you don't trust a VPN provider not to keep logs, then you could self-host your own VPN. This gives you you total control, but at the cost of anonymity (since your cloud provider, will require your billing info). See Streisand, to learn more, and get started with running a VPN. Digital Ocean provides flexible, secure and easy Linux VMs, (from $0.007/hour or $5/month), Here is a 1-click install scriptfor on Digital Ocean, by Carl Friess. Recently distributed self-hosted solutions for running your own VPNs have become more popular, with services like Outline letting you spin up your own instance and share it with friends and family. Since it's distributed, it is very resistant to blocking, and gives you world-wide access to the free and open internet. And since you have full control over the server, you can be confident that there is no logging or monitoring happening. However it comes at the cost of anonymity, especially if it's only you using your instance.

ℹ️ Further Info

While choosing a VPN, consider the following: Logging policy (logs are bad), Jurisdiction (avoid 5-eyes), Number of servers, availability and average load. Payment method (anonymous methods such as BTC, Monero or cash are better), Leak protection (1st-party DNS servers = good, and check if IPv6 is supported), protocols (OpenVPN and WireGuard = good). Finally, usability of their apps, user reviews and download speeds.

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Self-Hosted Network Security

Fun little projects that you can run on a Raspberry Pi, or other low-powered computer. In order to help detect and prevent threats, monitor network and filter content

• Pi-Hole - Network-level advertisement and Internet tracker blocking application which acts as a DNS sinkhole. Pi-Hole can significantly speed up your internet, remove ads and block malware. It comes with a nice…
• Technitium - Another DNS server for blocking privacy-invasive content at its source. Technitium doesn't require much of a setup, and basically works straight out of the box, it supports a wide range of systems (an…
• IPFire - A hardened, versatile, state-of-the-art open source firewall based on Linux. Its ease of use, high performance and extensibility make it usable for everyone.
• PiVPN - A simple way to set up a home VPN on any Debian server. Supports OpenVPN and WireGuard with elliptic curve encryption keys up to 512 bit. Supports multiple DNS providers and custom DNS providers - wor…
• E2guardian - Powerful open source web content filter.

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Anonymity Networks

• Tor - Tor provides robust anonymity, allowing you to defend against surveillance, circumvent censorship and reduce tracking. It blocks trackers, resists fingerprinting and implements multi-layered encryptio…
• I2P - I2P offers great generic transports, it is well geared towards accessing hidden services, and has a couple of technical benefits over Tor: P2P friendly with unidirectional short-lived tunnels, it is p…
• Freenet - Freenet is easy to setup, provides excellent friend To Friend Sharing vs I2P, and is great for publishing content anonymously. It's quite large in size, and very slow so not the best choice for casual…

⚠️ Word of Warning

To provide low-latency browsing, Tor does not mix packets or generate cover traffic. If an adversary is powerful enough, theoretically they could either observe the entire network, or just the victims entry and exit nodes. It's worth mentioning, that even though your ISP can not see what you are doing, they will be able determine that you are using a mix net, to hide this - a VPN could be used as well. If you are doing anything which could put you at risk, then good OpSec is essential, as the authorities have traced criminals through the Tor network before, and made arrests. Don't let Tor provide you a false sense of security - be aware of information leaks through DNS, other programs or human error. Tor-supported browsers may might lag behind their upstream forks, and include exploitable unpatched issues. See #19

Note: The Tor network is run by the community. If you benefit from using it and would like to help sustain uncensored internet access for all, consider running a Tor relay

✳️ Notable Mentions

• GNUnet
• IPFS
• ZeroNet
• Panoramix
• Nym

ℹ️ Further Info

Tor, I2P and Freenet are all anonymity networks - but they work very differently and each is good for specific purposes. So a good and viable solution would be to use all of them, for different tasks. You can read more about how I2P compares to Tor, here

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Proxies

A proxy acts as a gateway between you and the internet, it can be used to act as a firewall or web filter, improves privacy and can also be used to provide shared network connections and cache data to speed up common requests. Never use a free proxy.

• ShadowSocks - Secure socks5 proxy, designed to protect your Internet traffic. Open source, superfast, cross-platform and easy to deploy, see GitHub repo.
• Privoxy - Non-caching web proxy with advanced filtering capabilities for enhancing privacy, modifying web page data and HTTP headers, controlling access, and removing ads and other obnoxious Internet junk.

⚠️ Word of Warning

Malicious Proxies are all too common. Always use open source software, host it yourself or pay for a reputable cloud service. Never use a free proxy; it can monitor your connection, steal cookies and contain malware. VPNs are a better option, better still - use the Tor network.

✳️ Notable Mentions

V2ray-core is a platform for building proxies to bypass network restrictions and protect your privacy. See more TransparentTorProxy is a Linux CLI utility that transparently routes all system traffic through the Tor network.

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DNS Providers

Without using a secure, privacy-centric DNS all your web requests can be seen in the clear. You should configure your DNS queries to be managed by a service that respects privacy and supports DNS-over-TLS, DNS-over-HTTPS or DNSCrypt.

• CloudFlare - One of the most performant options, Cloudflare's DNS supports DoH and DoT, and has a Tor implementation, providing world-class protection. They have native cross-platform apps, for easy set-up.
• AdGuard - Open-source DNS provider, specialising in the blocking of ads, trackers and malicious domains. They have been independently audited and do not keep logs.
• NextDNS - An ad-blocking, privacy-protecting, censorship-bypassing DNS. Also comes with analytics, and the ability to shield kids from adult content.

⚠️ Word of Warning

Using an encrypted DNS resolver will not make you anonymous, it just makes it harder for third-partied to discover your domain history. If you are using a VPN, take a DNS leak test, to ensure that some requests are not being exposed.

✳️ Notable Mentions

• Quad9 - A well-funded, performant DNS with a strong focus on privacy and security and easy set-up, however questions have been raised about the motivation of some of the financial backers.
• BlahDNS - (Japan, Finland or Germany) is an excellent security-focused DNS> - OpenNIC - NixNet DNS and UncensoredDNS are open source and democratic, privacy-focused DNS
• Unbound - A validating, recursive, caching DNS resolver, designed to be fast and lean. Incorporates modern features and based on open standards
• Clean Browsing - A good option for protecting kids, they offer comprehensive DNS-based Content Filtering
• Mullvad - Mullvads public DNS with QNAME minimization and basic ad blocking. It has been audited by the security experts at Assured. You can use this privacy-enhancing service even if you don't use Mullvad.

ℹ️ Further Info

DNS Protocols

DNS-over-TLS was proposed in RTC-7858 by the IETF, then 2 years later, the DNS-over-HTTPS specification was outlined in RFC8484 in October '18. DNSCrypt, is a protocol that authenticates communications between a DNS client and a DNS resolver. It prevents DNS spoofing, through using cryptographic signatures to verify that responses originate from the chosen DNS resolver, and haven't been tampered with. DNSCrypt is a well battle-tested protocol, that has been in use since 2013, and is still widely used.

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DNS Clients

• DNScrypt-proxy 2 - A flexible DNS proxy, with support for modern encrypted DNS protocols including DNSCrypt V2, DNS-over-HTTPS and Anonymized DNSCrypt. Also allows for advanced monitoring, filtering, caching and client…
• Unbound - Validating, recursive, caching DNS resolve with support for DNS-over-TLS. Designed to be fast, lean, and secure Unbound incorporates modern features based on open standards. It's fully open source, an…
• Nebulo - Non-root, small-sized DNS changer utilizing DNS-over-HTTPS and DNS-over-TLS. (Note, since this uses Android's VPN API, it is not possible to run a VPN while using Nebulo.)
• RethinkDNS & Firewall - Free and open source DNS changer with support for DNS-over-HTTPS, DNS-over-Tor, and DNSCrypt v3 with Anonymized Relays. (Note, since this uses Android's VPN API, it is not possible to run a VPN while…
• Stubby - Acts as a local DNS Privacy stub resolver (using DNS-over-TLS). Stubby encrypts DNS queries sent from a client machine (desktop or laptop) to a DNS Privacy resolver increasing end user privacy. Stubby

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Firewalls

A firewall is a program which monitors the incoming and outgoing traffic on your network, and blocks requests based on rules set during its configuration. Properly configured, a firewall can help protect against attempts to remotely access your computer, as well as control which applications can access which IPs.

• NetGuard - Provides simple and advanced ways to block access to the internet. Applications and addresses can individually be allowed or denied access to Wi-Fi and/or mobile connection.
• AFWall+ - Android Firewall+ (AFWall+) is an advanced iptables editor (GUI) for rooted Android devices, which provides very fine-grained control over which Android apps are allowed to access the network.
• RethinkDNS & Firewall - An open-source ad-blocker and firewall app for Android 6+ (does not require root).
• Lockdown - Firewall app for iPhone, allowing you to block any connection to any domain.
• SimpleWall - Tool to control Windows Filtering Platform (WFP), in order to configure detailed network activity on your PC. (Windows)
• LuLu - Free, open source macOS firewall. It aims to block unknown outgoing connections, unless explicitly approved by the user.
• - A very polished application firewall, allowing you to easily manage internet connections on a per-app basis. (Mac OS)

⚠️ Word of Warning

There are different types of firewalls, that are used in different circumstances. This does not omit the need to configure your operating systems defences. Follow these instructions to enable your firewall in Windows, Mac OS, Ubuntu and other Linux distros.

Even when properly configured, having a firewall enabled does not guarantee bad network traffic can not get through and especially during boot if you don't have root privileges.

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Ad Blockers

There are a few different ways to block ads - browser-based ad-blockers, router-based / device blockers or VPN ad-blockers. Typically they work by taking a maintained list of hosts, and filtering each domain/ IP through it. Some also have other methods to detect certain content based on pattern matching

• Pi-Hole - Incredibly powerful, network-wide ad-blocker. Works out-of-the-box, light-weight with an intuitive web interface, but still allows for a lot of advanced configuration for power users. As well as block…
• Diversion - A shell script application to manage ad-blocking, Dnsmasq logging, Entware and pixelserv-tls installations and more on supported routers running Asuswrt-Merlin firmware, including its forks.
• hBlock - A POSIX-compliant shell script, designed for Unix-like systems, that gets a list of domains that serve ads, tracking scripts and malware from multiple sources and creates a hosts file (alternative for…
• Blokada - Open source mobile ad-blocker that acts like a firewall. Since it's device-wide, once connected all apps will have ads/ trackers blocked, and the blacklist can be edited. The app is free, but there is…
• RethinkDNS & Firewall - Free and open source ad-blocker and a firewall for Android 6+ (no root required).

✳️ Notable Mentions

Some VPNs have ad-tracking blocking features, such as TrackStop with PerfectPrivacy.

Private Internet Access, CyberGhost, PureVPN, and NordVPN also have ad-block features. But do not meet security/privact requirements to be included.

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Host Block Lists

• SomeoneWhoCares/ Hosts - An up-to-date host list, maintained by Dan Pollock - to make the internet not suck (as much).
• Hosts by StevenBlack - Open source, community-maintained consolidated and extending hosts files from several well-curated sources. You can optionally pick extensions to block p0rn, Social Media, gambling, fake news and othe…
• No Google - Totally block all direct and indirect content from Google, Amazon, Facebook, Apple and Microsoft (or just some).
• EasyList - Comprehensive list of domains for blocking tracking, social scripts, bad cookies and annoying stuff.
• iBlockList - Variety of lists (free and paid-for) for blocking content based on certain topics, inducing: spam, abuse, political, illegal, hijacked, bad peers and more.

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Router Firmware

Installing a custom firmware on your Wi-Fi router gives you greater control over security, privacy and performance

• OpenWRT - Plenty of scope for customization and a ton of supported addons. Stateful firewall, NAT, and dynamically-configured port forwarding protocols (UPnP, NAT-PMP + upnpd, etc), Load balancing, IP tunneling…
• DD-WRT - Easy and powerful user interface. Great access control, bandwidth monitoring and quality of service. IPTables is built-in for firewall, and there's great VPN support as well as additional plug-and-pla…

⚠️ Word of Warning

Flashing custom firmware may void your warranty. If power is interrupted mid-way through a firmware install/ upgrade it is possible for your device to become bricked. So long as you follow a guide, and use a well supported system, on a supported router, than it should be safe

✳️ Notable Mentions

• Tomato
• Gargoyle
• LibreCMC
• DebWRT

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Network Analysis

Whether you live in a country behind a firewall, or accessing the internet through a proxy - these tools will help you better understand the extent of blocking, deep packet inspection and what data is being analysed

• OONI - Open Observatory of Network Interference - A free tool and global observation network, for detecting censorship, surveillance and traffic manipulation on the internet. Developed by The Tor Project, an…
• Goodbye DPI - Passive Deep Packet Inspection blocker and Active DPI circumvention utility, for Windows.
• Proxy Checker - You can quickly check if a given IP is using a proxy, this can also be done through the command line.

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Intrusion Detection

An IDS is an application that monitors a network or computer system for malicious activity or policy violations, and notifies you of any unusual or unexpected events. If you are running a server, then it's essential to know about an incident as soon as possible, in order to minimize damage.

• Zeek - Zeek (formally Bro) Passively monitors network traffic and looks for suspicious activity.
• OSSEC - OSSEC is an Open Source host-based intrusion detection system, that performs log analysis, integrity checking, monitoring, rootkit detection, real-time alerting and active response.
• Kismet - An 802.11 layer2 wireless network detector, sniffer, and intrusion detection system.
• Snare - SNARE (System iNtrusion Analysis and Reporting Environment) is a series of log collection agents that facilitate centralized analysis of audit log data. Logs from the OS are collected and audited. Ful…
• picosnitch - picosnitch helps protect your security and privacy by "snitching" on anything that connects to the internet, letting you know when, how much data was transferred, and to where. It uses BPF to monitor…

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Cloud Hosting

Whether you are hosting a website and want to keep your users data safe, or if you are hosting your own file backup, cloud productivity suite or VP - then choosing a provider that respects your privacy and allows you to sign up anonymously, and will keep your files and data safe is be important.

• Njalla - Njalla is a privacy and security-focused domain registrar and VPN hosting provider. They own and manage all their own servers, which are based in Sweden. They accept crypto, for anonymous payments, an…
• Private Layer - Offers enterprise-grade, high-speed offshore dedicated servers, they own their own data centres, have a solid privacy policy and accept anonymous payment.
• Servers Guru - Servers Guru provides affordable and anonymous VPS and cloud servers with dedicated cpu resources. They accept crypto-currencies (Bitcoin, Monero, Ethereum etc..) and don't require any personal inform…
• Bunker - Sovereign open-source cloud platform (SSPL-1.0) hosted entirely in France. Offers managed hosting of open-source apps (Grafana, Matomo, Vaultwarden, etc.) and S3-compatible object storage. GDPR-native…

⚠️ Word of Warning

The country that your data is hosted in, will be subject to local laws and regulations. It is therefore important to avoid a jurisdiction that is part of the 5 eyes (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, US and UK) and other international cooperatives who have legal right to view your data.

✳️ Notable Mentions

See also: 1984 based in Iceland. Shinjiru, which offers off-shore dedicated servers. Orange Website specialises in protecting online privacy and free speech, hosted in Iceland. RackBone (previously DataCell) provides secure and ethical hosting, based in Switzerland. And Bahnhof offers high-security and ethical hosting, with their data centres locates in Sweden. Finally Simafri has a range of packages, that support Tor out of the box

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Domain Registrars

• Njal.la - Privacy-aware domain service with anonymous sign-up and accepts cryptocurrency.
• Orange Website - Anonymous domain registration, with low online censorship since they are based outside the 14-eyes jurisdiction (in Iceland).

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DNS Hosting

• deSEC - Free DNS hosting provider designed with security in mind, and running on purely open source software. deSEC is backed and funded by SSE.

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Mail Servers

• Mail-in-a-box - Easy-to-deploy fully-featured and pre-configured SMTP mail server. It includes everything from webmail, to spam filtering and backups.
• Docker Mailserver - A full-stack but simple mailserver (smtp, imap, antispam, antivirus, ssl...) using Docker. Very complete, with everything you will need, customizable and very easy to deploy with docker.
• mailcow - A mail server with everything you need (SMTP, IMAP, webmail, NextCloud support..) using Docker.

⚠️ Word of Warning

Self-hosting your own mail server is not recommended for everyone, it can be time consuming to setup and maintain and securing it correctly is critical

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Productivity

Digital Notes

• Standard Notes - S.Notes is a free, open-source, and completely encrypted private notes app. It has a simple UI, yet packs in a lot of features, thanks to the Extensions Store, allowing for: To-Do lists, Spreadsheets,…
• Turtle - A secure, collaborative notebook. Self-host it yourself, or use their hosted plan (free edition or $3/ month for premium).
• Notable - An offline markdown-based note editor for desktop, with a simple, yet feature-rich UI. All notes are saved individually as .md files, making them easy to manage. No mobile app, built-in cloud-sync, en…
• Joplin - Cross-platform desktop and mobile note-taking and todo app. Easy organisation into notebooks and sections, revision history and a simple UI. Allows for easy import and export of notes to or from other…
• Logseq - Privacy-first, open-source knowledge base that works on top of local plain-text Markdown and Org-mode files. Supports lots of different note modes, including task management, PDF annotation, flashcard

✳️ Notable Mentions

If you are already tied into Evernote, One Note etc, then SafeRoom is a utility that encrypts your entire notebook, before it is uploaded to the cloud.

Org Mode is a mode for GNU Emacs dedicated to working with the Org markup format. Org can be thought of as a more featureful Markdown alternative, with support for keeping notes, maintaining todo lists, planning projects, managing spreadsheets, and authoring documents -all in plaintext.

For a simple plain text note taking app, with strong encryption, see Protected Text, which works well with the Safe Notes Android app. Laverna is a cross-platform secure notes app, where all entries are formatted with markdown. Bangle.io is a local-first WYSIWYG Markdown notes PWA, storing notes in browser storage or user-selected folders.

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Calendar

• Proton Calendar - The calendar app from the Proton suite. End-to-end encrypted. Supports ICS (not encrypted), colours, recurring events, mail integration, notifications and multiple time zones.
• Nextcloud Calendar - Calendar app for the self-hosted Nextcloud platform. Uses CalDAV for sync across devices. No E2E encryption support.
• Fossify Calendar - Fossify Calendar from the family of forked FOSS apps from the discontinued SimpleMobileTools. Simple, customizable, includes widgets. Note that CalDAV support is currently limited (see #921…

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Scheduling

• Tymeslot - Open-source (AGPL-3.0), self-hostable scheduling and calendar platform. Guests book without creating an account; hosts get a full calendar with two-way sync to Google, Outlook and iCloud. A managed cl…
• Rallly - Open-source & self-hostable scheduling tool that helps you find the best date and time to meet. Create a poll with a few options, share the link, and let your participants vote on when they're availab…

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Task Management

• Super Productivity - Privacy-respecting, open-source task manager and time tracker. All data is stored locally on your device - no account required, no cloud dependency, and zero telemetry. Supports Jira, GitLab, GitHub,…
• Mindwtr - A Getting Things Done + Pomodoro productivity system for desktop and mobile. Local-first, no account required, can sync via WebDAV/Dropbox/local file or self-hosted deployment. With a CLI, REST API an…

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Backup and Sync

• SeaFile - An open source cloud storage and sync solution. Files are grouped into Libraries, which can be individually encrypted, shared of synced. Docker image available for easy deployment, and native clients…
• Syncthing - Continuous file synchronization between 2 or more clients. It is simple, yet powerful, and fully-encrypted and private. Syncthing can be deployed with Docker, and there are native clients for Windows,…
• NextCloud - Feature-rich productivity platform, that can be used to backup and selectively sync encrypted files and folders between 1 or more clients. A key benefit the wide range of plug-ins in the NextCloud App…
• bewCloud - Modern and simpler alternative to Nextcloud/ownCloud crafted with TypeScript. Unifies file management, sync, sharing, notes, RSS, expenses, calendars, contacts, and photos, with MFA, WebDAV, CalDAV, C…

⚠️ Word of Warning

You should always ensure that any data stored in the cloud is encrypted.

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