gl4ssesbo1/nebulaNebula é um framework C2 para nuvem, que no momento oferece reconhecimento, enumeração, exploração, pós-exploração na AWS, mas ainda está sendo desenvolvido para permitir testes em outros Provedores de Nuvem e Componentes de DevOps.
Nebula é um framework de Testes de Penetração em Nuvem e (esperançosamente) DevOps. É construído com módulos para cada provedor e cada funcionalidade. Em abril de 2021, cobria apenas AWS, mas atualmente é um projeto em andamento e espera-se que cresça para testar GCP, Azure, Kubernetes, Docker, ou mecanismos de automação como Ansible, Terraform, Chef, etc. Comecei a escrevê-lo enquanto lia "Hands-On AWS Penetration Testing with Kali Linux" (https://www.amazon.com/Hands-Penetration-Testing-Kali-Linux/dp/1789136725) e foi baseado no Pacu (https://github.com/RhinoSecurityLabs/pacu)
Apresentações:
Atualmente cobre:
Atualmente existem 53 módulos cobrindo:
Versão 3.0 Inclui:
Nebula é codificado em python3.11. Utiliza a biblioteca boto3 para acessar a AWS.
Para instalar, basta ir ao diretório teamserver e construir o contêiner:```
$ docker build -t nebula-teamserver .
Então, basta executá-lo usando docker:```
$ docker run -it nebula-teamserver -dH <database host> -du <database user> -dp <database password> -dn <database name> --p <teamserver password>
------------------------------------------------------------
_ _ _ _
| \ | | | | | |
| \| | ___| |__ _ _| | __ _
| . ` |/ _ \ '_ \| | | | |/ _` |
_______ | |\ | __/ |_) | |_| | | (_| |
|__ __||_| \_|\___|_.__/ \__,_|_|\__,_|
| | ___ __ _ _ __ ___ ___ ___ _ ____ _____ _ __
| |/ _ \/ _` | '_ ` _ \/ __|/ _ \ '__\ \ / / _ \ '__|
| | __/ (_| | | | | | \__ \ __/ | \ V / __/ |
|_|\___|\__,_|_| |_| |_|___/\___|_| \_/ \___|_|
-------------------------------------------------------------
37 aws 0 gcp 4 azure 0 office365
0 docker 0 kubernetes 4 misc 11 azuread
4 digitalocean
-------------------------------------------------------------
60 modules 6 cleanup 0 detection
19 enum 5 exploit 2 persistence
1 listeners 0 lateral movement 7 detection bypass
7 privesc 10 reconnaissance 2 stager 0 postexploitation
1 misc
[*] Port is busy. Is a MongoDB instance running there? [y/N] y
------------------------------------------------------------
[*] JWT Secret Key set to: '<secret value>'
[*] Database Server set to: '<db host>:<db port>'
[*] Database set to: '<db name>'
[*] Teamserver IP address is '<teamserver host>'
[*] User 'cosmonaut' was created!
[*] API Server set to: '<api host>:<api port>'
------------------------------------------------------------
O mesmo com o cliente client. Basta ir ao diretório client e construir o container:```
$ docker build -t nebula-client .
Então, apenas execute-o usando docker:```
$ docker run -it nebula-client -ah <api host> -p <teamserver password> -b
-------------------------------------------------------------
37 aws 0 gcp 4 azure 0 office365
0 docker 0 kubernetes 4 misc 13 azuread
4 digitalocean
-------------------------------------------------------------
62 modules 6 cleanup 0 detection
19 enum 5 exploit 2 persistence
1 listeners 0 lateral movement 7 detection bypass
7 privesc 10 reconnaissance 2 stager
1 misc 2 initialaccess 0 postexploitation
-------------------------------------------------------------
[*] Importing sessions found on ~/.aws
[*] No sessions found on ~/.aws
()()(Nebula) >>>
...........
...''''''''''''''...
..'''''...........''''''............
..''''.. ...'''''''''''''''...
..'''.. ..............'''''..
.''''. .;loddool:'. ..''''..
..'''. .;clokXWWMWNKkl;. .''''.
.'''. .',,'.. ';dNMMMMMWKko;. .'''..
.''''. .cx0NWWNX0koc;,'cKMMMMMMMMMWXOo:. .''''....
.'''. .',',:oONMMMMMWNNNWMMMMMMWKk0WMMWXx' .''''''''...
..'''. .,dXMMMMMMMMMMMMMNOl',oONWWd. .......'''''..
...'''''.. :o' cXMMMMMMMMMMMMMWNXKKXNWWKxc,. ..''''..
..''''.... oNKl'. ..oXMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNKOdc,.. ..''''.
..''''.. ,OWWX0O0XWMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMWWWWMMMMMMMMMWXOxooxk:. ..'''.
..'''''''''''''''''''''. .l0NMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMN0dc;;;coONMMMMMMMMMMMMMK: ..'''.
....................... .,dXMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMWX0ko:. .;OWMMMMMMMMMMMWx. .'''.
.oWMMMMMMMMMMMMMMWNXXXWMMWKd' .:lccclodOXWMWd. .'''.
,lc' .................. ',. .,OWMMMMMMMMMMMMXx:'...:0WMMMKl. .. .'oKO, .'''.
,0MWx. .''''''''''''''''''. ;OKOOOO0NWMMMMMMMMMMMMNl. .cdoox0XOl;'....... ... .'''.
.;ol' ................... ;kXWMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMWx. .:0WNKkdo:. ... .'''.
.................... .:ldxk0XWMMMMMMMMMMMW0o' .';;,. .... ..'''.
;k00000000000000000000x' ..;lkXWMMMMMMMMMWXkc. ..'''.
.lXWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWMMWKl. ;OWMMMMMMMMMMMWKx:. ..''''.
.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:kNMMW0o,. 'kWMMMMMMMMMMMMMMWKd,. ..''''..
.:ONMMMNKkdlc:::::::::ccldkKWMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMNOl' ...........'''''..
.,oOXWMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMWXkc....''''''''''...
.':ldkO0000000000000000000000000000000000000000Ox:. ........
...........................................
_ _______ ______ _ _______
( ( /|( ____ \( ___ \ |\ /|( \ ( ___ )
| \ ( || ( \/| ( ) )| ) ( || ( | ( ) |
| \ | || (__ | (__/ / | | | || | | (___) |
| (\ \) || __) | __ ( | | | || | | ___ |
| | \ || ( | ( \ \ | | | || | | ( ) |
| ) \ || (____/\| )___) )| (___) || (____/\| ) ( |
|/ )_)(_______/|/ \___/ (_______)(_______/|/ \|
Because Clouds are so AWSome
-------------------------------------------------------------
Created by: gl4ssesbo1
-------------------------------------------------------------
48 aws 1 gcp 7 azure 0 office365
0 docker 0 kubernetes 6 misc 4 azuread
4 digitalocean
-------------------------------------------------------------
81 modules 6 cleanup 0 detection
19 enum 22 exploit 2 persistence
2 listeners 0 lateral movement 7 detection bypass
0 privesc 16 reconnaissance 2 stager 1 postexploitation
4 misc
Remember:
-------------------------------------------------------------
1) Only use this tool if you have permissions from the
infrastructure's owner. Don't be a dick. Don't choose jail.
And if you have some scruples, don't hack others just because
you can (or cannot, in which case that's why you chose this
tool to do it).
2) There is a template file on module directory that you can
use if you want to develop new modules. If you want to
contribute on this tool, be my guest.
3) Thank you for using this tool and Hack the Planet Legally!
-------------------------------------------------------------
[] Importing sessions found on ~/.aws [] Imported sessions found on ~/.aws. Enter 'show credentials' to get the credentials. (test)()(Nebula)
### Ajuda
Executar o comando *help* fornecerá uma lista dos comandos que podem ser usados:```
()()(AWS) >>> help
Help Command: Description:
------------- ------------
help Show help for all the commands
help credentials Show help for credentials
help module Show help for modules
help workspace Show help for credentials
help user-agent Show help for credentials
help shell Show help for shell connections
Module Commands Description
--------------- -----------
show modules List all the modules
show enum List all Enumeration modules
show exploit List all Exploit modules
show persistence List all Persistence modules
show privesc List all Privilege Escalation modules
show reconnaissance List all Reconnaissance modules
show listener List all Reconnaissance modules
show cleanup List all Enumeration modules
show detection List all Exploit modules
show detectionbypass List all Persistence modules
show lateralmovement List all Privilege Escalation modules
show stager List all Reconnaissance modules
use module <module> Use a module.
options Show options of a module you have selected.
run Run a module you have selected. Eg: 'run <module name>'
search Search for a module via pattern. Eg: 'search s3'
back Unselect a module
set <option> Set option of a module. Need to have the module used first.
unset <option> Unset option of a module. Need to have the module used first.
User-Agent commands Description
------------------- -----------
set user-agent windows Set a windows client user agent
set user-agent linux Set a linux client user agent
set user-agent custom Set a custom client user agent
show user-agent Show the current user-agent
unset user-agent Use the user agent that boto3 produces
Workspace Commands Description
------------------ -----------
create workspace <wp> Create a workspace
use workspace <wp> Use one of the workspaces
remove workspace <wp> Remove a workspace
Shell commands Description
------------------- -----------
shell check_env Check the environment you are in, get data and meta-data
shell exit Kill a connection
shell <command> Run a command on a system. You don't need " on the command, just shell <command1> <command2>
Quando você tem um conjunto de credenciais, pode digitar getuid para obter o usuário ou enum_user_privs para verificar a permissão de Leitura de um conjunto de credenciais.
UserID: A******************Q
Arn: arn:aws:iam::012345678912:user/user_user
Account: 012345678912
[*] Output is saved to './workspaces/test/12_07_2021_02_22_54_getuid_dev_brian'
Se as credenciais não tiverem os privilégios abaixo em si mesmo,```
STS:GetUserIdentity
IAM:GetUser
IAM:ListAttachedUserPolicies
IAM:GetPolicy (for all policies)
você receberá um erro:``` [*] An error occurred (AccessDenied) when calling the GetUser operation: User: arn:aws:iam::012345678912:user/user_user is not authorized to perform: iam:GetUser on resource: user user_user
#### Enum_User_Privs
Este comando verifica Listar e Descrever Privilégios em um conjunto de credenciais.```
(test)()(AWS) >>> enum_user_privs
User: user_user
UserID: A******************Q
Arn: arn:aws:iam::012345678912:user/user_user
Account: 012345678912
--------------------------
Service: ec2
--------------------------
[*] Trying the 'Describe' functions:
[*] 'describe_account_attributes' worked!
[*] 'describe_addresses' worked!
[*] 'describe_aggregate_id_format' worked!
[*] 'describe_availability_zones' worked!
[*] 'describe_bundle_tasks' worked!
[*] 'describe_capacity_reservations' worked!
[*] 'describe_client_vpn_endpoints' worked!
[*] 'describe_coip_pools' worked!
[*] 'describe_customer_gateways' worked!
[*] 'describe_dhcp_options' worked!
[*] 'describe_egress_only_internet_gateways' worked!
^C[*] Stopping. It might take a while. Please wait.
[*] Output of the allowed functions is saved to './workspaces/test/12_07_2021_02_24_09_enum_user_privs'
[*] The list of the allowed functions is saved to './workspaces/test/12_07_2021_02_24_09_allowed_functions'
Você pode listar todos os módulos ou um módulo específico:``` ()()(AWS) >>> show modules cleanup/aws_iam_delete_access_key Delete access key of a user by providing it.
cleanup/aws_iam_delete_login_profile Delete access of a user to the Management
Console
enum/aws_ec2_enum_elastic_ips Lists User data of an Instance provided.
Requires Secret Key and Access Key of an IAM that has access
to it.
enum/aws_ec2_enum_images List all ec2 images. Needs credentials of an
IAM with DescribeImages right. Output is dumpled on a file.
It takes a sh*tload of time, unfortunately. And boy, is it a
huge output.
enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances Describes instances attribues: Instances, VCP,
Zones, Images, Security Groups, Snapshots, Subnets, Tags,
Volumes. Requires Secret Key and Access Key of an IAM that
has access to all or any of the API calls:
DescribeAvailabilityZones, DescribeImages,
DescribeInstances, DescribeKeyPairs, DescribeSecurityGroups,
DescribeSnapshots, DescribeSubnets, DescribeTags,
DescribeVolumes, DescribeVpcs
E assim você pode usar:```
show module
show enum
show exploit
show persistence
show privesc
show reconnaissance
show listener
show cleanup
show detection
show detectionbypass
show lateralmovement
show stager
Use o comando search para pesquisar módulos com uma palavra específica:``` ()()(AWS) >>> search instance enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances Describes instances attribues: Instances, VCP, Zones, Images, Security Groups, Snapshots, Subnets, Tags, Volumes. Requires Secret Key and Access Key of an IAM that has access to all or any of the API calls: DescribeAvailabilityZones, DescribeImages, DescribeInstances, DescribeKeyPairs, DescribeSecurityGroups, DescribeSnapshots, DescribeSubnets, DescribeTags, DescribeVolumes, DescribeVpcs
enum/aws_iam_list_instance_profiles List all the instance profiles.
exploit/aws_ec2_create_instance_with_user_data You must provide policies in JSON format in
IAM. However, for AWS CloudFormation templates formatted in
YAML, you can provide the policy in JSON or YAML format. AWS
CloudFormation always converts a YAML policy to JSON format
before submitting it to IAM.
()()(AWS) >>>
#### Usando Módulos
Para usar um módulo, basta digitar *use* e o nome do módulo. Os 3 colchetes terão o nome do módulo.```
(work1)()(enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances) >>> use module enum/aws_iam_get_group
(work1)()(enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances) >>>
Describes instances attribues: Instances, VCP, Zones, Images, Security Groups, Snapshots, Subnets, Tags, Volumes. Requires Secret Key and Access Key of an IAM that has access to all or any of the API calls: DescribeAvailabilityZones, DescribeImages, DescribeInstances, DescribeKeyPairs, DescribeSecurityGroups, DescribeSnapshots, DescribeSubnets, DescribeTags, DescribeVolumes, DescribeVpcs
name: gl4ssesbo1
twitter: https://twitter.com/gl4ssesbo1
github: https://github.com/gl4ssesbo1
blog: https://www.pepperclipp.com/
aws ec2 describe-instances --region {} --profile {}
SERVICE: ec2
Required: true
Description: The service that will be used to run the module. It cannot be changed.
INSTANCE-ID:
Required: false
Description: The ID of the instance you want to enumerate. If not supplied, all instances will be enumerated.
(work1)()(enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances) >>>
Para definir opções, use *set* e o nome da opção:```
(work1)()(enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances) >>> set INSTANCE-ID 1234
(work1)()(enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances) >>> options
Desctiption:
-----------------------------
Describes instances attribues: Instances, VCP, Zones, Images, Security Groups, Snapshots, Subnets, Tags, Volumes. Requires Secret Key and Access Key of an IAM that has access to all or any of the API calls: DescribeAvailabilityZones, DescribeImages, DescribeInstances, DescribeKeyPairs, DescribeSecurityGroups, DescribeSnapshots, DescribeSubnets, DescribeTags, DescribeVolumes, DescribeVpcs
Author:
-----------------------------
name: gl4ssesbo1
twitter: https://twitter.com/gl4ssesbo1
github: https://github.com/gl4ssesbo1
blog: https://www.pepperclipp.com/
Needs Credentials: True
-----------------------------
AWSCLI Command:
-----------------------------
aws ec2 describe-instances --region {} --profile {}
Options:
-----------------------------
SERVICE: ec2
Required: true
Description: The service that will be used to run the module. It cannot be changed.
INSTANCE-ID: 1234
Required: false
Description: The ID of the instance you want to enumerate. If not supplied, all instances will be enumerated.
(work1)()(enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances) >>>
Também removendo-os, usando unset.``` (work1)()(enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances) >>> unset INSTANCE-ID (work1)()(enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances) >>>
#### Executando o módulo
Para executar o módulo, se ele exigir credenciais, você precisará ter importado um conjunto de credenciais com a permissão necessária para executá-lo. Isso é mostrado nas opções de um módulo como:```
Needs Credentials: True
-----------------------------
Para executá-lo, basta digitar run. Dependendo da saída, será exibida uma visualização paginada ou apenas impressa. A paginação usa o binário less, que para Windows utiliza o binário de https://github.com/jftuga/less-Windows. Uma cópia do executável está no diretório less_binary. A saída também é salva em arquivos no diretório workspace:``` (work1)()(enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances) >>> run [*] Content dumped on file './workspaces/work1/16_04_2021_18_16_48_ec2_enum_instances'.
### Credenciais
####Inserindo Credenciais
Nebula pode usar tanto a combinação AccessKeyID + SecretKey quanto a combinação AccessKeyID + SecretKey + SessionKey para autenticar na infraestrutura.
Para inserir um conjunto de credenciais, use:```
()()(AWS) >>> set credentials test1
Profile Name: test1
Access Key ID: A*********2
Secret Key ID: a****************************7
Region: us-west-3
Do you also have a session token?[y/N]
[*] Credentials set. Use 'show credentials' to check them.
[*] Currect credential profile set to 'test1'.Use 'show current-creds' to check them.
E você receberá algumas entradas que permitem configurá-los. O token de sessão pode ser adicionado ao inserir credenciais, digitando y quando for perguntado Você também tem um token de sessão?[y/N].
####Usando Credenciais Para usar outra credencial, basta digitar:``` ()()(AWS) >>> use credentials test1 [*] Currect credential profile set to 'test1'.Use 'show current-creds' to check them.
####Credenciais Atuais
Quando você insere as credenciais, elas se tornam automaticamente as credenciais atuais, ou seja, aquelas com as quais você irá autenticar. Para verificar as credenciais atuais, use:```
()()(AWS) >>> show current-creds
{
"profile": "test1",
"access_key_id": "A*********2",
"secret_key": "a****************************7",
"region": "us-west-3"
}
####Removendo Credenciais Caso você não queira suas credenciais, você pode pode removê-las usando:``` ()()(AWS) >>> remove credentials test1 You are about to remove credential 'test1'. Are you sure? [y/N] y
####Despejando e importando credenciais
Caso queira que suas credenciais sejam salvas na máquina, você pode usar:```
()()(AWS) >>> dump credentials
[*] Credentials dumped on file './credentials/16_04_2021_17_37_59'.
E eles serão salvos em um arquivo contendo a hora e data do dump no diretório credentials no diretório Nebula. Para importá-los, basta digitar:``` ()()(AWS) >>> import credentials 16_04_2021_17_37_59 ()()(AWS) >>> show credentials [ { "profile": "test1", "access_key_id": "A*******2", "secret_key": "a**************************7", "region": "us-west-3" } ]
### Workspaces
Nebula usa workspaces para salvar a saída de cada comando. A saída é salva como dados JSON (exceto para s3_name_fuzzer, que a salva como XML) em uma pasta criada no diretório *workspaces*.
#### Criar Workspaces
Para criar uma, insira:```
()()(AWS) >>> create workspace work1
[*] Workspace 'work1' created.
[*] Current workspace set at 'work1'.
(work1)()(AWS) >>> ls ./workspaces
Directory: C:\Users\***\Desktop\Nebula\workspaces
Mode LastWriteTime Length Name
---- ------------- ------ ----
d----- 4/16/2021 5:42 PM work1
-a---- 4/16/2021 4:40 PM 0 __init__.py
Quando criado, os primeiros colchetes conterão o nome do espaço de trabalho em que você está trabalhando. Se quiser usar um espaço de trabalho existente, basta digitar:``` ()()(AWS) >>> use workspace work1 (work1)()(AWS) >>>
Os workspaces são obrigatórios de serem usados, portanto, mesmo que você não esteja usando nenhum no momento, ao executar um módulo, ele pedirá que você crie um com um nome aleatório ou apenas crie um com um nome personalizado você mesmo.```
()()(enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances) >>> run
A workspace is not configured. Workstation 'qxryiuct' will be created. Are you sure? [y/N] n
[*] Create a workstation first using 'create workstation <workstation name>'.
()()(enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances) >>>
work1
(work1)()(enum/aws_ec2_enum_instances) >>>
#### Remover Espaços de Trabalho
Para remover um espaço de trabalho, digite:```
()()(AWS) >>> remove workspace work1
[*] Are you sure you want to delete the workspace? [y/N] y
()()(AWS) >>> show workspaces
-----------------------------------
Workspaces:
-----------------------------------
()()(AWS) >>>
Para criar um Reverse Shell, você precisa criar um stager e executar um listener. Para usar este recurso, você precisa ter o Nebula executando como root (para abrir portas).
The TCP Reverse Shell that is used by listeners/aws_python_tcp_listener
name: gl4ssesbo1
twitter: https://twitter.com/gl4ssesbo1
github: https://github.com/gl4ssesbo1
blog: https://www.pepperclipp.com/
None
SERVICE: none
Required: true
Description: The service that will be used to run the module. It cannot be changed.
HOST:
Required: true
Description: The Host/IP of the C2 Server.
PORT:
Required: true
Description: The C2 Server Port.
FORMAT:
Required: true
Description: The format of the stager. Currently only allows 'py' for Python and 'elf' for ELF Binary.
CALLBACK-TIME: None
Required: true
Description: The time in seconds between callbacks from Stager. The Stager calls back even if the server crashes or is stoped in a loop.
OUTPUT-FILE-NAME:
Required: true
Description: The name of the stager output file.
As opções a preencher são:
- **HOST**: O IP ou domínio do C2 Server
- **Port**: A porta do C2 Server
- **Format**: Atualmente suporta apenas arquivo Python raw e binário ELF
- **Callback-Time**: O tempo em segundos durante o qual as sessões devem realizar o callback. Ele faz o callback mesmo se uma sessão atual estiver ativa, e mesmo que o servidor falhe ou seja fechado, para que você não perca acesso à máquina.
- **Output File Name**: O nome do arquivo de saída.
Executar o módulo gerará um stager salvo em **./workspaces/workspacename/stagername**
#### Listener
O listener é simples. Basta configurar Host (por padrão definido como 0.0.0.0) e Port e ele cria o servidor. Para executar o listener, você precisa que o Nebula seja executado como root.```
()()(stager/aws_python_tcp) >>> use module listeners/aws_python_tcp_listener
()()(listeners/aws_python_tcp_listener) >>> options
Desctiption:
-----------------------------
TCP Listener for Reverse Shell stagers/aws_python_tcp
Author:
-----------------------------
name: gl4ssesbo1
twitter: https://twitter.com/gl4ssesbo1
github: https://github.com/gl4ssesbo1
blog: https://www.pepperclipp.com/
Needs Credentials: False
-----------------------------
AWSCLI Command:
-----------------------------
None
Options:
-----------------------------
SERVICE: none
Required: true
Description: The service that will be used to run the module. It cannot be changed.
HOST: 0.0.0.0
Required: true
Description: The Host/IP of the C2 Server.
PORT:
Required: true
Description: The C2 Server Port.
Agentes de usuário podem ser configurados como Linux, Windows ou personalizados. Para exibi-los, use show.``` ()()(AWS) >>> set user-agent linux User Agent: Boto3/1.9.89 Python/3.8.1 Linux/4.1.2-34-generic was set ()()(AWS) >>> show user-agent [] User Agent is: Boto3/1.9.89 Python/3.8.1 Linux/4.1.2-34-generic ()()(AWS) >>> set user-agent windows User Agent: Boto3/1.7.48 Python/3.9.1 Windows/7 Botocore/1.10.48 was set ()()(AWS) >>> show user-agent [] User Agent is: Boto3/1.7.48 Python/3.9.1 Windows/7 Botocore/1.10.48 ()()(AWS) >>> set user-agent custom Enter the User-Agent you want: sth User Agent: sth was set ()()(AWS) >>> show user-agent [*] User Agent is: sth ()()(AWS) >>>
Para desativar um user agent, digite:```
()()(AWS) >>> unset user-agent
[*] User Agent set to empty.
Que terá o user agent do sistema.