Backend OpenSearch pour pySigma

Ceci est le backend OpenSearch pour pySigma. Il fournit le package sigma.backends.opensearch avec deux classes de backend :

• OpensearchLuceneBackend - Convertit les règles Sigma en syntaxe de requête Lucene
• OpenSearchPPLBackend - Convertit les règles Sigma en requêtes PPL (Piped Processing Language)

Backend Lucene

Le backend Lucene prend en charge les formats de sortie suivants :

• default : requêtes Opensearch simples en syntaxe Lucene
  • Astuce : Dans le tableau de bord, vous devez passer de DQL à Lucene
• monitor_rule : structure JSON pour importer des règles d'alerte Opensearch

Ce backend est actuellement maintenu par :

• Hendrik Bäcker

Contexte

Backend Lucene

Étant donné que les requêtes basées sur Lucene sont très semblables aux requêtes Lucene d'Elasticsearch, la majeure partie du code de ce backend provient de pySigma-backend-elasticsearch.

Les modifications et formats de sortie spécifiques à Opensearch sont effectués dans ce backend (par ex. les règles Monitor).

Backend PPL

Le backend PPL (Piped Processing Language) est implémenté de zéro pour prendre en charge le langage de requête natif d'OpenSearch. PPL fournit :

• Support de corrélation - Prise en charge intégrée des règles de corrélation Sigma

Prise en charge des règles de corrélation

Le backend PPL prend entièrement en charge les règles de corrélation Sigma, permettant la détection de scénarios complexes multi-événements :

• event_count - Compte les occurrences d'événements (par ex., détection de force brute)
• value_count - Compte les valeurs distinctes d'un champ (par ex., pulvérisation de mots de passe)
• temporal - Plusieurs événements différents dans une fenêtre de temps (par ex., attaques en plusieurs étapes)

Guide

Créer une sortie - sigma-cli

Backend Lucene

sigma convert \
  -t opensearch \
  -p ecs_windows \
  -f monitor_rule \
  /data/sigma/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_whoami_priv.yml

Backend PPL

sigma convert \
  -t opensearch-ppl \
  -p ecs_windows \
  /data/sigma/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_whoami_priv.yml

Créer des règles d'alerte - Python

Backend Lucene

from sigma.backends.opensearch import OpensearchLuceneBackend

from sigma.pipelines.sysmon import sysmon_pipeline
from sigma.pipelines.elasticsearch.windows import ecs_windows

from sigma.collection import SigmaCollection
from sigma.processing.resolver import ProcessingPipelineResolver

# Create our pipeline resolver
piperesolver = ProcessingPipelineResolver()

# Add wanted pipelines
piperesolver.add_pipeline_class(ecs_windows())
piperesolver.add_pipeline_class(sysmon_pipeline())

# Create a single sorted and prioritzed pipeline
resolved_pipeline = piperesolver.resolve(piperesolver.pipelines)

# Instantiate backend, using our resolved pipeline
# and some backend parameter
backend = OpensearchLuceneBackend(resolved_pipeline, index_names=['logs-*-*', 'beats-*'], monitor_interval=10, monitor_interval_unit="MINUTES")

rules = SigmaCollection.from_yaml("""
title: Run Whoami Showing Privileges
id: 97a80ec7-0e2f-4d05-9ef4-65760e634f6b
status: experimental
description: Detects a whoami.exe executed with the /priv command line flag instructing the tool to show all current user privieleges. This is often used after a privilege escalation attempt. 
references:
    - https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/whoami
author: Florian Roth
date: 2021/05/05
modified: 2022/05/13
tags:
    - attack.privilege_escalation
    - attack.discovery
    - attack.t1033
logsource:
    category: process_creation
    product: windows
detection:
    selection_img:
        - Image|endswith: '\whoami.exe'
        - OriginalFileName: 'whoami.exe'
    selection_cli:
        CommandLine|contains: '/priv'
    condition: all of selection*
falsepositives:
    - Administrative activity (rare lookups on current privileges)
level: high
""")

# Print converted rule in Lucene syntax
print("Lucene Result: \n" + "\n".join(backend.convert(rules)))

# Print converted rule ready for dsl syntax
print("DSL Result: \n" + json.dumps(backend.convert(rules, output_format="dsl_lucene")[0], indent=2))

# Generate a JSON structure to be imported as monitor rule
print("Monitor Rule Result: \n" + backend.convert(rules, output_format="monitor_rule"))

Résultat Lucene :

winlog.channel:Microsoft\-Windows\-Sysmon\/Operational AND (event.code:1 AND ((process.executable:*\\whoami.exe OR process.pe.original_file_name:whoami.exe) AND process.command_line:*\/priv*))

Résultat DSL :

{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "query_string": {
            "query": "winlog.channel:Microsoft\\-Windows\\-Sysmon\\/Operational AND (event.code:1 AND (winlog.channel:Microsoft\\-Windows\\-Sysmon\\/Operational AND (event.code:1 AND ((process.executable:*\\\\whoami.exe OR process.pe.original_file_name:whoami.exe) AND process.command_line:*\\/priv*))))",
            "analyze_wildcard": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Résultat de la règle Monitor :

{
  "type": "monitor",
  "name": "SIGMA - Run Whoami Showing Privileges",
  "description": "Detects a whoami.exe executed with the /priv command line flag instructing the tool to show all current user privieleges. This is often used after a privilege escalation attempt.",
  "enabled": true,
  "schedule": {
    "period": {
      "interval": 10,
      "unit": "MINUTES"
    }
  },
  "inputs": [
    {
      "search": {
        "indices": [
          "logs-*-*",
          "beats-*"
        ],
        "query": {
          "size": 1,
          "query": {
            "bool": {
              "must": [
                {
                  "query_string": {
                    "query": "winlog.channel:Microsoft\\-Windows\\-Sysmon\\/Operational AND (event.code:1 AND (winlog.channel:Microsoft\\-Windows\\-Sysmon\\/Operational AND (event.code:1 AND (winlog.channel:Microsoft\\-Windows\\-Sysmon\\/Operational AND (event.code:1 AND ((process.executable:*\\\\whoami.exe OR process.pe.original_file_name:whoami.exe) AND process.command_line:*\\/priv*))))))",
                    "analyze_wildcard": true
                  }
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "attack-privilege_escalation",
    "attack-discovery",
    "attack-t1033"
  ],
  "triggers": [
    {
      "name": "generated-trigger",
      "severity": 2,
      "condition": {
        "script": {
          "source": "ctx.results[0].hits.total.value > 0",
          "lang": "painless"
        }
      },
      "actions": []
    }
  ],
  "sigma_meta_data": {
    "rule_id": "97a80ec7-0e2f-4d05-9ef4-65760e634f6b",
    "threat": []
  },
  "references": [
    "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/whoami"
  ]
}

Backend PPL

from sigma.backends.opensearch.opensearch_ppl import OpenSearchPPLBackend
from sigma.collection import SigmaCollection

# Instantiate PPL backend
backend = OpenSearchPPLBackend()