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CVE-2025-63666 — Tenda AC15 cookie exposure | Kitploit
Tools/GitHubGitHub/remenis/cve-2025-63666
Password AttacksVulnerability AnalysisExploitationWeb SecurityAuthentication
GitHubremenis/cve-2025-63666

CVE-2025-63666

Tenda AC15 cookie exposure

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179 months agoNot yet reviewed

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CVE-2025-63666 — Tenda AC15

Summary

Tenda AC15 firmware V15.03.05.18_multi issues an authentication cookie in the form password=<MD5(password)><6-char suffix> and returns it without HttpOnly, Secure, or SameSite flags, exposing the password hash to the client.
The low-entropy suffix acts as a predictable session identifier, allowing attackers to replay or hijack sessions.

Impact

  • Exposure of user password hashes to clients.
  • Replay or session hijacking via predictable cookie values.
  • Offline brute-force attacks possible using MD5 hash prefix.

Technical Details / Example

  • /login/Auth issues a cookie password=<MD5(password)><6-char suffix>.
  • Cookie lacks security flags (HttpOnly, Secure, SameSite).
  • The cookie can be accessed via JavaScript (document.cookie) and reused in requests to /main.html.
  • Example:
    PW_HASH=$(echo -n 'ringzer0' | md5sum | cut -d' ' -f1)
    curl -v --compressed -c cookies.txt -D headers.txt -X POST \
      "http://192.168.141.128:20080/login/Auth" \
      -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8" \
      --data "username=admin&password=${PW_HASH}"
    COOKIE=$(awk 'NF && $0!~/^#/ {print $6"="$7; exit}' cookies.txt)
    curl -s -i -H "Cookie: ${COOKIE}" "http://192.168.141.128:20080/main.html" | sed -n '1,40p'
    

Mitigation / Recommendations

  1. Do not include password hashes in cookies.
  2. Generate random session tokens (≥128 bits) on the server side.
  3. Add HttpOnly, Secure, and SameSite flags to authentication cookies.
  4. Use secure hash functions (bcrypt, Argon2).
  5. Implement session expiration and invalidation on logout.

References

  • NVD Entry
  • CVE.org Entry

권고문

Tenda AC15 펌웨어 V15.03.05.18_multi 버전은 password=<MD5(password)><6자리 접미사> 형태의 인증 쿠키를 발급하며, HttpOnly, Secure, SameSite 플래그 없이 반환하여 비밀번호 해시가 클라이언트에 노출됩니다.
짧은 엔트로피의 접미사는 예측 가능한 세션 식별자로 작동하여 세션 재사용 또는 하이재킹이 가능합니다.

영향

  • 사용자 비밀번호 해시가 클라이언트에 노출됨.
  • 예측 가능한 쿠키 값으로 세션 재사용 또는 탈취 가능.
  • MD5 해시를 이용한 오프라인 크래킹 가능.

기술적 세부사항 / 예시

  • /login/Auth는 password=<MD5(password)><6자리 접미사> 형태의 쿠키를 발급함.
  • 쿠키에는 HttpOnly, Secure, SameSite 플래그가 없음.
  • 자바스크립트(document.cookie)로 쿠키를 읽어 /main.html 요청 시 재사용 가능.
  • 예시:
    PW_HASH=$(echo -n 'ringzer0' | md5sum | cut -d' ' -f1)
    curl -v --compressed -c cookies.txt -D headers.txt -X POST \
      "http://192.168.141.128:20080/login/Auth" \
      -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8" \
      --data "username=admin&password=${PW_HASH}"
    COOKIE=$(awk 'NF && $0!~/^#/ {print $6"="$7; exit}' cookies.txt)
    curl -s -i -H "Cookie: ${COOKIE}" "http://192.168.141.128:20080/main.html" | sed -n '1,40p'
    

완화 권고

  1. 쿠키에 비밀번호 해시를 포함하지 말 것.
  2. 서버에서 128비트 이상 암호학적 난수로 세션 토큰을 생성할 것.
  3. 인증 쿠키에 HttpOnly, Secure, SameSite 플래그를 적용할 것.
  4. bcrypt 또는 Argon2 등 안전한 해시 알고리즘 사용.
  5. 세션 만료 및 로그아웃 시 무효화 기능 적용.

참고

  • NVD 등록정보
  • CVE.org 등록정보
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