fatlan/haproxy-keepalived-sec-highloads✨ HAProxy ve Keepalived konusunu load balancer ve cluster'a ek olarak güvenlik(zayıf SSL/Kripto Kullanımı (LOGJAM) (CVE-2015-4000) zafiyeti önlemi) ve yüksek yüklere karşı ele alır.
HAProxy is an open-source software that provides a proxy server service for TCP and HTTP based applications with high availability load balancing.
Keepalived is an open-source software capable of providing IP failover capability for more than two servers. Keepalived uses multicast communication technique among itself.
In our setup, we will use HAProxy for load balancing and Keepalived for IP failover, i.e., to make our HAProxy setup into a Cluster.
Our scenario consists of 3 servers. We will install HAProxy on these 3 servers and make them a load balancer. Then, by installing the Keepalived service, when one of the servers goes down, we will perform IP failover to switch to another server without interruption and keep our load balancer service running.
We will use 4 IP addresses (IPs are completely fictitious)
Now let's install HAProxy and Keepalived services on all 3 servers as follows.
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:vbernat/haproxy-2.7 -y
sudo apt update
sudo apt install haproxy keepalived -y
sudo openssl dhparam -out /etc/haproxy/dhparams.pem 2048
Note1: The servers must have “net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1”. Otherwise, the configuration to be used for HAProxy will give a bind error because it cannot host the same IP at the same time and the service will not work. You need to follow the steps below for this.
First, edit the file “vi /etc/sysctl.conf” and paste the following parameter, save and exit.
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind=1
Then run the following command.
sysctl -p
Note2: If you are going to use 443 SSL, you need to have the Bundle (.crt,.ca,*.key) of your SSLs named “haproxy.pem” in the “/etc/ssl/private/” directory.
Now let's look at the HAProxy configuration as an example below. You will use the same configuration for each HAProxy in your setup.
For this, you will edit the file “/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg”. The configuration below supports min HAv2.
vi /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
The default values are also present below
global
log /dev/log local0
log /dev/log local1 notice
chroot /var/lib/haproxy
stats socket /run/haproxy/admin.sock mode 660 level admin expose-fd listeners
stats timeout 30s
user haproxy
group haproxy
daemon
# maxconn 100000 #replaceable
# Default SSL material locations
ca-base /etc/ssl/certs
crt-base /etc/ssl/private
# Default ciphers to use on SSL-enabled listening sockets.
# For more information, see ciphers(1SSL). This list is from:
# https://hynek.me/articles/hardening-your-web-servers-ssl-ciphers/
# An alternative list with additional directives can be obtained from
# https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/?server=haproxy
ssl-default-bind-ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DSS
#ssl-default-bind-options no-sslv3
ssl-default-bind-ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:ECDHE-RSA-CHACHA20-POLY1305:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384
ssl-default-bind-options ssl-min-ver TLSv1.2 no-tls-tickets
ssl-dh-param-file /etc/haproxy/dhparams.pem
#tune.ssl.default-dh-param 2048
# nbproc 1
# nbthread 8
tune.maxrewrite 16384
tune.bufsize 32768
defaults
log global
mode http
option httplog
option dontlognull
option forwardfor
# maxconn 1000000 #replaceable
timeout connect 3000000
timeout client 6000000
timeout server 6000000
errorfile 400 /etc/haproxy/errors/400.http
errorfile 403 /etc/haproxy/errors/403.http
errorfile 408 /etc/haproxy/errors/408.http
errorfile 500 /etc/haproxy/errors/500.http
errorfile 502 /etc/haproxy/errors/502.http
errorfile 503 /etc/haproxy/errors/503.http
errorfile 504 /etc/haproxy/errors/504.http
Dashboard configuration section for HAProxy (prometheus integration added for monitoring)
listen stats
bind fatlan.com:8989
mode http
stats enable
stats uri /stats
option http-use-htx
http-request use-service prometheus-exporter if { path /metrics }
#stats hide-version
stats realm HAProxy\ Statistics
stats auth admin:admin
In the configuration below, ACL is used in two blocks. The first block will run the middleware-fatlan-backend block if the word “rest” appears anywhere in the link, the second block will run the backend fatlan-forum-backend for a different domain request (forum.fatlan.com), otherwise all requests will run in the fatlan-backend443 block. Except for other port redirects.
Redirecting port 80 to port 443 section
frontend fatlan80
bind fatlan.com:80
mode http
redirect scheme https if !{ ssl_fc }
frontend fatlan443
bind fatlan.com:443 ssl crt /etc/ssl/private/haproxy.pem ciphers ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+3DES:DH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DSS
option httplog
option forwardfor
#http-request set-header X-Client-IP req.hdr_ip([X-Forwarded-For])
#option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8
option http-server-close
http-request set-header X-Forwarded-Proto https
# reqadd X-Forwarded-Proto:\ https #old config
mode http
default_backend fatlan-backend443
ACL example configuration (proxypass) redirects if the word rest appears anywhere in the link
acl middleware-fatlan path_beg /rest
use_backend middleware-fatlan-backend if middleware-fatlan
ACL for different forum host redirect
acl host_fatlanforum hdr(host) -i forum.fatlan.com
use_backend fatlan-forum-backend if host_fatlanforum
Default redirection part, redirection part for 443
backend fatlan-backend443
mode http
balance roundrobin
stick store-request src
stick-table type ip size 256k expire 30m
option forwardfor
# option httplog
option httpchk HEAD /
server frontend_01 10.10.37.12:8001 check port 8001 inter 3000 rise 2 fall 3
server frontend_02 10.10.37.13:8001 check port 8001 inter 3000 rise 2 fall 3
ACL incoming, rest redirection part
backend middleware-fatlan-backend
mode http
balance roundrobin
stick store-request src
stick-table type ip size 256k expire 30m
option forwardfor
# option httplog
option httpchk OPTIONS /login HTTP/1.0
http-check expect status 200
http-request replace-path (.*)(?:rest\/)(.*) \1\2
# reqrep ^([^\ :]*)\ /rest[/]?(.*) \1\ //\2 #old config
server middleware_01 10.10.37.34:3000 check port 4000 inter 12000 rise 3 fall 3
server middleware_02 10.10.37.35:3000 check port 4000 inter 12000 rise 3 fall 3
ACL incoming, forum redirection part
backend fatlan-forum-backend
mode http
option forwardfor
# option httplog
option httpchk HEAD /
server forum_01 10.10.37.45:8080 check port 8080 inter 3000 rise 2 fall 3
External examples can also be configured as follows.