GPOHound

GPOHound is a tool for dumping and analysing Group Policy Objects (GPOs) extracted from the SYSVOL share.

It provides a structured, formalized format to help uncover misconfigurations, insecure settings, and privilege escalation paths in Active Directory environments.

The tool integrates with BloodHound's Neo4j database, using it as an LDAP-like source for Active Directory information while also enriching it by adding new relationships (edges) and node properties based on the analysis.

Features

Dump

• Dumps GPOs in a structured JSON or tree format

• Handles multiple domains

• Resolves GPO names with GPO GUIDs

• Filters output by GPO files, GPO GUIDs, and domains

• Searches in key/value pairs using regex

Analysis

• Groups settings by impacted object (e.g., Local Groups, Registry)

• Detects members added to local privileged groups

• Detects insecure registry settings, stored credentials, and privilege rights

• Supports decrypting VNC credentials and GPP passwords

• Finds domains, containers, and OUs affected by GPOs

• Gets GPOs applied to a specific user, computer, OU, container, or domain

• Enriches BloodHound data with relationships and properties

Installation

Install with pip

git clone "https://github.com/cogiceo/GPOHound"
cd GPOHound
pip install .

Install with pipx

pipx install "git+https://github.com/cogiceo/GPOHound"

Setup APOC for Neo4j

You need to setup Neo4j APOC for BloodHound data enrichment:

• If you're using the standard Neo4j installation, you can enable APOC by copying the APOC jar file to the plugin folder and then restart Neo4j:

  root@kitploit:~

  cp /var/lib/neo4j/labs/apoc-* /var/lib/neo4j/plugins/
  neo4j restart
  

• If you are installing Neo4j with "Docker Compose", add the environment variable NEO4J_PLUGINS=["apoc"]:

  root@kitploit:~

  neo4j:
    image: neo4j:latest
    environment:
      - NEO4J_PLUGINS=["apoc"]
  

For more details or alternate installation methods, refer to the official APOC Documentation.

Add BloodHound Queries

To visualize the relationships and properties added by GPOHound, you can import the custom queries from the customqueries.json file into BloodHound. By default, this file is located at ~/.config/bloodhound/customqueries.json.

Prerequisites

Dumping SYSVOL

Start by downloading the SYSVOL contents from the domain controller.

• Download the full SYSVOL:

  root@kitploit:~

  gpohound sysvol --dc $DC_HOST -d $DOMAIN -u $USER -p $PASSWORD 
  

• Download only the GPOs:

  root@kitploit:~

  gpohound sysvol --dc $DC_HOST -d $DOMAIN -u $USER -p $PASSWORD --gpos
  

• Download with exclusions:

  root@kitploit:~

  gpohound sysvol --dc $DC_HOST -u $USER -p $PASSWORD --exclude '/Policydefinitions/','/scripts/' --max-size 100
  

Dumping LDAP

Retrieve all required data from LDAP :

gpohound ldap --dc $DC_HOST -d $DOMAIN -u $USER -p $PASSWORD

BloodHound

For BloodHound data enrichment, you must collect BloodHound data using a collector such as bloodhound.py or SharpHound.exe and import the gathered data into the BloodHound interface.

Usage

Sample GPOHound files are available in example.zip. Extract them with unzip example.zip.

See CONFIG.md for instructions on customizing default values and configurations.

gpohound --neo4j-user $USER --neo4j-pass $PASS dump
gpohound --neo4j-user $USER --neo4j-pass $PASS analysis

Parse

gpohound parse "gpos/sysvols/$DOMAIN/Policies/{31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9}/MACHINE/Registry.pol"

Dump

gpohound dump
gpohound dump --list
gpohound dump --guid 31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9
gpohound dump --policies scripts psscripts
gpohound dump --search 'VNC.*Server' --show

Analysis

gpohound analysis
gpohound analysis --affected
gpohound analysis --trustee 'SRV01.SEVENKINGDOMS.LOCAL'
gpohound analysis --trustee 'SRV01.SEVENKINGDOMS.LOCAL' --list
gpohound analysis --trustee 'SRV01.SEVENKINGDOMS.LOCAL' --dump
gpohound analysis --enrich
gpohound analysis --enrich-ce

Current analysis and enrichment

[!IMPORTANT]

• Conditions like security filters, WMI filters, and item-level targeting are not interpreted.
• GPO conflicts are not simulated, to avoid missing valid settings.

Local Groups

• Detection of users assigned to privileged local groups during logon

• Detection of renamed built-in privileged local groups.

• Detection of trustees added to privileged local groups using "Preference Process Variables" (e.g., %ComputerName%, %DomainName%)

• Detection of abusable trustees using sAMAccountName hijacking

• Detection of any trustees added to privileged local groups:

  Group	Edge
  Administrators	AdminTo
  Remote Desktop Users	CanRDP
  Distributed COM Users	ExecuteDCOM
  Remote Management Users	CanPSRemote
  Backup Operators	CanPrivEsc
  Print Operators	CanPrivEsc
  Network Configuration Operators	CanPrivEsc

Registry

Privileged Rights

Default privileged trustees, as well as service accounts with SIDs starting with S-1-5-8, are excluded from analysis.

Improvement

• Improve logging
• Integrate LDAP
• Integrate SMB
• Parse remaining extensions
• Web interface
• Highlight potential conflicts between GPOs

GPO Documentation

SYSVOL and LDAP

• [MS-GPAC] Audit Configuration Extension
• [MS-GPCAP] Central Access Policies Protocol Extension
• [MS-GPEF] Encrypting File System Extension
• [MS-GPFAS] Firewall and Advanced Security Data Structure
• [MS-GPFR] Folder Redirection Protocol Extension
• [MS-GPIE] Internet Explorer Maintenance Extension
• [MS-GPNAP] Network Access Protection (NAP) Extension
• [MS-GPNRPT] Name Resolution Policy Table (NRPT) Data Extension
• [MS-GPOL] Core Protocol
• [MS-GPPREF] Preferences Extension Data Structure
• [MS-GPREG] Registry Extension Encoding
• [MS-GPSB] Security Protocol Extension
• [MS-GPSCR] Scripts Extension Encoding
• [MS-GPSI] Software Installation Protocol Extension

LDAP Only

• [MS-GPDPC] Deployed Printer Connections Extension
• [MS-GPWL] Wireless/Wired Protocol Extension