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CVE-2023-50868

HighPublished

The Closest Encloser Proof aspect of the DNS protocol (in RFC 5155 when RFC 9276 guidance is skipped) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service...

Published: Feb 14, 2024
Updated: Nov 4, 2025
Assigning CNA: mitre
Evidence observed: Aug 5, 2026

Primary CVSS

7.5/ 10High

nvd · CVSS 3.1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

EPSS probability estimate

81.7%

High · next 30 days

Percentile: 99.6%
Model date: Sep 21, 2026

EPSS is a statistical estimate, not a certainty or a measure of impact. Combine it with CVSS, KEV status, exposure and your environment.

Summary

The Closest Encloser Proof aspect of the DNS protocol (in RFC 5155 when RFC 9276 guidance is skipped) allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (CPU consumption for SHA-1 computations) via DNSSEC responses in a random subdomain attack, aka the "NSEC3" issue. The RFC 5155 specification implies that an algorithm must perform thousands of iterations of a hash function in certain situations.

Sources

NSEC3-Encloser-AttackResearch
This project generates DNS zonefiles with custom NSEC3 parameters to reproduce and evaluate the attacks in CVE-2023-50868.

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