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CVE-2021-44521

CriticalPublished

Remote code execution for scripted UDFs

Published: Feb 11, 2022
Updated: Aug 4, 2024
Assigning CNA: apache
Evidence observed: Aug 8, 2026

Primary CVSS

9.1/ 10Critical

nvd · CVSS 3.1

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS probability estimate

55.0%

High · next 30 days

Percentile: 99.0%
Model date: Sep 21, 2026

EPSS is a statistical estimate, not a certainty or a measure of impact. Combine it with CVSS, KEV status, exposure and your environment.

Summary

When running Apache Cassandra with the following configuration: enable_user_defined_functions: true enable_scripted_user_defined_functions: true enable_user_defined_functions_threads: false it is possible for an attacker to execute arbitrary code on the host. The attacker would need to have enough permissions to create user defined functions in the cluster to be able to exploit this. Note that this configuration is documented as unsafe, and will continue to be considered unsafe after this CVE.

Sources

CVE-2021-44521Exploit
Automated proof-of-concept exploit for CVE-2021-44521, enabling remote code execution on Apache Cassandra via user-defined functions. Executes arbitrary commands on target IP.
poc-CVE-2021-44521PoC
full PoC of CVE-2021-44521

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